Search results for "EXTRACTION"

Assessing drugs of abuse distribution in Turia River based on geographic information system and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

2017

Drugs of abuse are continuously discharged into wastewaters as part of their elimination process. Pollution at very low concentrations appears to be broad in environmental compartments near populated areas. A total of 42 drugs of abuse and metabolites were analysed in surface water samples collected in 2012 and 2013 by solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Analytical results of target compounds were georeferenced and integrated into a geographical information systems (GIS). Ecotoxicological risk of drugs of abuse detected in the Turia River was evaluated in this study by calculating risk quotient (RQ). In 2012, 6 compounds were detected in a total of…

Phytoscreening as an efficient tool to delineate chlorinated solvent sources at a chlor-alkali facility

2017

Chlorinated ethenes (CE) are among the most common volatile organic compounds (VOC) that contaminate groundwater, currently representing a major source of pollution worldwide. Phytoscreening has been developed and employed through different applications at numerous sites, where it was generally useful for detection of subsurface chlorinated solvents. We aimed at delineating subsurface CE contamination at a chlor-alkali facility using tree core data that we compared with soil data. For this investigation a total of 170 trees from experimental zones was sampled and analyzed for perchloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) concentrations, measured by solid phase microextraction gas chromato…

Perfluoroalkyl substance contamination of the Llobregat River ecosystem (Mediterranean area, NE Spain).

2014

The occurrence and sources of 21 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs: C4-C14, C16, C18 carboxylate, C4, C6-C8 and C10 sulfonates and C8 sulfonamide) were determined in water, sediment, and biota of the Llobregat River basin (NE Spain). Analytes were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) and determined by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-QqQ-MS). All samples were contaminated with at least one PFAS, being the most frequently found perfluorobutanoate (PFBA), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (L-PFOS). In general, mean PFAS concentrations measured in sediments (0.01-3.67 ng g(-1)) and biota (0.79-431 μg kg(-1)) samples were higher than those …

Development of pipette tip-based poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monolith for the extraction of drugs of abuse from oral flu…

2019

Abstract In this work, a monolithic polymer based on poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (MAA-co-EDMA) was prepared inside 200 μL pipette tips for the extraction of drug of abuse from oral fluid samples. After an appropriate surface tip modification, several polymerization mixtures with different monomer/cross-linker ratios, and percentage of porogen were studied. The most appropriate monolith to easily flow organic solvents and oral fluid samples was prepared with a MAA/EDMA ratio of 8:92 wt/wt and dodecanol containing 10 wt% toluene, as porogenic solvent. Parameters affecting the extraction procedure were evaluated and the monolith was characterized in terms of bindin…

Surface molecularly imprinted silica for selective solid-phase extraction of biochanin A, daidzein and genistein from urine samples

2015

Selective molecularly imprinted silica polymer (SiO2MIP) for extraction of biochanin A, daidzein and genistein was synthesized using the surface molecular imprinting technique with the silica gel as a support. Biochanin A (BCA) was used as a template, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as a functional monomer, and tetraethoxysilicane (TEOS) as a cross-linker. Non-imprinted polymer with the sol–gel process (SiO2NIP) was also prepared for comparison. The synthesized polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a standard Brunauer-Emett-Teller (BET) and Barret–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) analysis. The obtained results indicate…

The application of the supported liquid membrane and molecularly imprinted polymers as solid acceptor phase for selective extraction of biochanin A f…

2018

An efficient sample clean-up and preconcentration procedure for phytoestrogens analysis in urine has been developed. It was based on a combination of solid phase extraction with hollow-fiber supported liquid membrane and molecularly imprinted beads (MIPs-HF-SLM-SPE). The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were synthesized by precipitation polymerization technique with biochanin A (BCA) as a template, giving narrowly dispersed microspheres with a regular shape. As the functional monomer, (dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (-DEM) turned out to be better than methacrylic acid (MAA) to get the best-imprinted effects. The MIPs used as sorbents in the MIPs-HF-SLM-SPE extraction process exhibite…

The New Life Of Exhausted Bentonite From The Grape Processing Industry: From Waste To Precious Resource To Produce Novel Raw Materials Enriched In Po…

Introduction: In an ever-growing perspective of circular economy, the development of conscious, sustainable and environmental-friendly strategies to recycle the waste products is the key point1. The exhausted bentonite, from the grape processing industries, could become a precious matrix to produce new pharmaceutical/cosmetic excipients enriched in functional polyphenols2. Materials & Methods: The exhausted bentonite recovered after the fining process (supplied by Bono&Ditta s.p.a., Campobello di Mazara TP, Italy) was stored at -20°C. Solid-liquid extractions on both freeze-dried and as-collected (wet) bentonite were carried out by using PEG200 or propylene glycol as solvents. The l…

Microencapsulation of Phenolic Extracts from Cocoa Shells to Enrich Chocolate Bars

2021

AbstractCocoa bean shells were subjected to green extraction technologies, based on the absence of toxic organic solvents, to recover polyphenols; the extract was then encapsulated using a spray dryer and maltodextrin as coating agent. The best conditions observed in the spray drying tests (core-to-coating ratio 1:5; inlet temperature 150 °C; flow rate 6 ml min−1) were applied to produce the microcapsules used to enrich the same cocoa mass as the shells and processed for the preparation of the chocolate bars. Sensory analysis showed no significant differences between enriched chocolate bar and the unenriched reference one, except for the appearance. Both samples were then subjected to accel…

Antioxidant phenolic compounds recovery from Mangifera indica L. by-products by supercritical antisolvent extraction

2015

Abstract Supercritical Antisolvent Extraction (SAE) was used in the recovery of antioxidant compounds from mango by-products. The antioxidant extract was obtained by solid–liquid extraction using aqueous acetone (80% v/v) and subsequent adsorption/desorption in C18 cartridge. Recovery of antioxidants was performed by SAE using SC-CO 2 as antisolvent. The temperature and pressure parameters were varied in the range 35–45 °C and 8–15 MPa. The SAE process allowed the recovery of about 90% of the initial phenolic compounds, the best recovery was obtained at 40 °C and 10 MPa and the main compounds were mangiferin, isomangiferin, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-x…

Evaluation of beauvericin and enniatins in Italian cereal products and multicereal food by liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass sp…

2013

In this study, 48 multicereal baby foods samples including 25 of pasta and 23 of multicereal baby foods from supermarkets of Campania region (Italy) were analysed for evaluating the presence of beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENs) A, A1, B, B1 and B4. Subsequently to evaluate the risk exposure of Italian population and infant population over the consumption of pasta or multicereal baby food, was, respectively, evaluated. For the above mentioned evaluation, a method developed in our laboratory by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used. A liquid phase dispersion procedure was optimised for the simultaneous extraction of BEA and the five ENs from multicereal baby food samples…