Search results for "Early Detection"
showing 10 items of 222 documents
Extracellular heat shock proteins in cancer: From early diagnosis to new therapeutic approach
2021
In cancer, human cells lose the ability to properly control the series of events that occur constantly during cell growth and division, including protein expression, stability, and dynamics. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are key molecules in these events, constitutively expressed at high levels and could furthermore be induced by the response to cancer-induced stress. In tumor cells, Hsps have been shown to be implicated in the regulation of apoptosis, immune responses, angiogenesis and metastasis; in some cases, they can be overexpressed and dysregulated, representing important cancer hallmarks. In the past few years, it has been demonstrated that Hsps can be released by tumor cells through s…
Classifying DME vs Normal SD-OCT volumes: A review
2016
International audience; This article reviews the current state of automatic classification methodologies to identify Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) versus normal subjects based on Spectral Domain OCT (SD-OCT) data. Addressing this classification problem has valuable interest since early detection and treatment of DME play a major role to prevent eye adverse effects such as blindness. The main contribution of this article is to cover the lack of a public dataset and benchmark suited for classifying DME and normal SD-OCT volumes, providing our own implementation of the most relevant methodologies in the literature. Subsequently, 6 different methods were implemented and evaluated using this comm…
Gold nanoprobe-based detection of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) Gene Expression
2015
Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) gene is expressed in all types of cancers, and it is considered as unique biomarker for early detection, monitoring and prognosis of different cancers. Routinely, the main techniques for detection of hTERT gene expression are based on enzymatic amplifications which need specified equipments, expert personnel and high cost and time. With regarding to the clinical importance of analysis of hTERT gene expression, we have developed a rapid, simple and low cost method which detects hTERT RNA target in 5 $\mu {\rm l}$ reaction scale using gold nanoprobes. The method is based on the inhibition of nanoparticle aggregation in the presence of ${\rm MgCl}…
Optical multichannel monitoring of skin blood pulsations for cardiovascular assessment
2004
Time resolved detection and analysis of the skin back-scattered optical signals (reflection photoplethysmography or PPG) provide rich information on skin blood volume pulsations and can serve for cardiovascular assessment. The multichannel PPG concept has been developed and clinically verified in this work. Simultaneous data flow from several body locations allows to study the heartbeat pulse wave propagation in real time and to evaluate the vascular resistance. Portable two- and four-channel PPG monitoring devices and special software have been designed for real-time data acquisition and processing. The multi-channel devices were successfully applied for cardiovascular fitness tests and fo…
Modern Aspects in the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer in Early Stages
2021
Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a major public health problem, affecting 2.1 million women each year globally and causing the highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. In 2018, an estimated 627,000 women died from breast cancer (about 15% of all cancer deaths among women). To improve survival, early detection is essential. There are two strategies for early detection of breast cancer: early diagnosis and screening.(1) In Romania, the latest statistics show a higher incidence of breast cancer compared to the European average of 7929 new cases / year with a mortality of 3101 deaths / year.(2)
The Patient's Anastrozole Compliance to Therapy (PACT) Program: a randomized, in-practice study on the impact of a standardized information program o…
2013
BACKGROUND Compliance and persistence are often overlooked in adjuvant breast cancer treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS PACT was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open, parallel-group study assessing whether educational materials (EMs) enhanced compliance with aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy in postmenopausal women with early, hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. The primary end points were compliance (proportion taking ≥ 80% anastrozole) at 12 months and persistence (proportion reporting anastrozole intake during the study period). RESULTS Four thousand eight hundred and forty-four patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive standard therapy or standard therapy with EMs. T…
Decreased Perifoveal Sensitivity Detected by Microperimetry in Patients Using Hydroxychloroquine and without Visual Field and Fundoscopic Anomalies
2015
Purpose. To evaluate the usefulness of microperimetry in the early detection of the ocular anomalies associated with the use of hydroxychloroquine.Methods. Prospective comparative case series study comprising 14 healthy eyes of 7 patients (group A) and 14 eyes of 7 patients under treatment with hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of rheumatologic diseases and without fundoscopic or perimetric anomalies (group B). A comprehensive ophthalmological examination including microperimetry (MP) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was performed in both groups.Results. No significant differences were found in mean MP foveal sensitivity between groupsP=0.18. However, mean MP overall sens…
Breast cancer screening programmes: Challenging the coexistence with opportunistic mammography.
2014
Abstract Objective This study investigated predictive factors of women's participation in organized mammography screening (OrgMS) and/or opportunistic mammography screening (OppMS) when the two screening modes coexist. Methods Questionnaires were sent to 6,000 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an OrgMS session between 2010 and 2011 in France. Data collected concerned the women's healthcare behaviour and their socioeconomic characteristics. Women without a personal or family history of breast cancer that could explain their participation in OppMS were retained in the generalized logits analysis. Results The data of 1,202 women were analysed. Of these, 555 (46.2%) had attended OrgM…
Screening and surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma: perspective of a new era?
2016
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related death with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Early diagnosis of HCC is important since observational studies have reported that, in patients undergoing surveillance, cancer is diagnosed at an earlier stage with increased chances of curative therapies. Anyway, despite the extensive use of screening for HCC, its effectiveness is still a controversial topic since supporting evidence is not unequivocal and some issues need to be explored. Areas covered: The aim of this paper is to review main literature data supporting performance and effectiveness of screening for early detection …
Virtual chromoendoscopy with iSCAN as an alternative method to dye-spray chromoendoscopy for dysplasia detection in long-standing colonic inflammator…
2021
Patients with long-standing colonic inflammatory bowel disease (cIBD) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Dye-spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) with targeted biopsies is the preferred technique for surveillance of dysplasia. Virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) are arising to improve detection rates and adherence to surveillance guidelines, although its role is not yet well defined. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of VCE with iSCAN as an alternative method for dysplasia detection in cIBD.Retrospective case-control study with 191 patients included, 98 in the DCE (Indigo carmine) group and 93 in the VCE (iSCAN, twin-mode 1-3) group. The dysplasia detection…