Search results for "Early detection"
showing 10 items of 222 documents
Age-related socio-economic and geographic disparities in breast cancer stage at diagnosis: a population-based study.
2015
Background: This study aimed to determine the impact of socio-economic and geographic disparities on disease stage at diagnosis according to age in breast cancer (BC) patients. Secondary purpose was to describe survival . Methods: All women with primary invasive BC, diagnosed from 1998 to 2009 in the department of Cote d’Or were retrospectively selected using data from the Cote d’Or BC registry. European transnational ecological deprivation index (French European Deprivation Index) was used to measure the socio-economic environment. Relationships between socio-geographic deprivation and disease stage at diagnosis according to age were assessed by a multilevel ordered logistic regression mod…
Effectiveness of patient-targeted interventions to promote cancer screening among ethnic minorities: A systematic review
2016
Abstract Background Cancer is a major public health problem due to its incidence, morbidity and mortality. A large proportion of cancer cases and deaths could be prevented through the implementation of cancer screening programmes. However, there are social inequalities in patient access to these programmes, especially in underserved communities and minority populations. Objective To identify, characterise and analyse the effectiveness of patient-targeted healthcare interventions to promote cancer screening programmes in ethnic minorities. Methods A comprehensive search of bibliographic databases was conducted. The results of our systematic review were reported in accordance with the PRISMA …
Epidemiology of Disease Conditions in Italy. Has Anything Changed? Environment, Professional Exposure, and Lifestyle. Is Time for Screening?
2013
Risk factors analysis in bladder cancer should consider not only the clinical and pathological features of the tumor but also environmental and lifestyle factors. They may play, in fact, a relevant role not only in the pathogenesis but also in the biological behavior of the tumor. The association between cigarette smoking and bladder cancer has been consistently confirmed in several case-control and cohort studies. The risk of bladder cancer seems to increase with duration and intensity of smoking. Another environmental risk factor, although not definitively proved, is water supply. Chlorination or water pollution by pesticides and other chemical factors is considered a relevant risk facto…
Women’s knowledge and attitudes towards cervical cancer prevention: A qualitative study in the Spanish context
2021
Aims and objectives To explore the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to cervical cancer and its prevention in Spain. Background Worldwide, women's knowledge about cervical cancer is low, and their attitudes towards its prevention are good, but they do not correlate with the screening uptake. Although the rates of Spanish women performing cervical cancer screening are mostly acceptable, their knowledge and attitudes about it have not been explored. Design Qualitative descriptive study. Methods Three focus groups were conducted, with 21 women aged 25 to 65 years. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. For intragroup homogeneity, women participated in age groups. Th…
Hyperspectral LCTF-based system for classification of decay in mandarins caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum using the most rele…
2013
[EN] Green mold (Penicillium digitatum) and blue mold (Penicillium italicum) are important sources of postharvest decay affecting the commercialization of mandarins. These fungi infections produce enormous economic losses in mandarin production if early detection is not carried out. Nowadays, this detection is performed manually in dark chambers, where the fruit is illuminated by ultraviolet light to produce fluorescence, which is potentially dangerous for humans. This paper documents a new methodology based on hyperspectral imaging and advanced machine-learning techniques (artificial neural networks and classification and regression trees) for the segmentation and classification of images …
Endomicroscopy of Colon Pathology
2007
Colorectal cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the Western world. Screening colonoscopy is widely accepted as the gold standard for early diagnosis of cancer. The prognosis for patients with colonic neoplasms is strictly dependent on the depth of infiltration and therefore depends on early detection of pre-invasive and neoplastic changes. Early detection makes it possible to cure the patient by means of immediate endoscopic resection.
Social media monitoring: aims, methods, and challenges for international companies
2014
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the aims, monitoring methods and challenges of social media monitoring from the perspective of international companies. Trends in the literature are also investigated. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a systematic literature review, 30 key articles from 2008 to 2012 were further analysed. Findings – International companies need real-time monitoring software, expertise and dynamic visualization to facilitate early detection and prognoses supporting strategy making. This is a costly affair, prompting questions about return on investment. A recent trend in the research literature concerns the development of models describing how issues s…
Dyscalculia: Clinical manifestations, evaluation and diagnosis. Current Perspectives of educational intervention
2019
Learning difficulties and learning disorders are very frequent in schools nowadays, and they have been increasing in the field of mathematics. Such difficulties tend to be associated with other disorders such as dyslexia or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The present article aims at deepening our understanding, definition and detection of dyscalculia, along with reviewing current educational treatments. Since 1990, concerns about learning difficulties in the classroom have been made explicit in policies such as the Spanish Law on the General Ordering of the Education System (LOGSE). Likewise, the indicators, symptoms, and prevalence of dyscalculia have been gathered since t…
Mass-encoded synthetic biomarkers for multiplexed urinary monitoring of disease.
2011
Biomarkers are becoming increasingly important in the clinical management of complex diseases, yet our ability to discover new biomarkers remains limited by our dependence on endogenous molecules. Here we describe the development of exogenously administered 'synthetic biomarkers' composed of mass-encoded peptides conjugated to nanoparticles that leverage intrinsic features of human disease and physiology for noninvasive urinary monitoring. These protease-sensitive agents perform three functions in vivo: they target sites of disease, sample dysregulated protease activities and emit mass-encoded reporters into host urine for multiplexed detection by mass spectrometry. Using mouse models of li…
Cell-Free Circulating Plasma hTERT mRNA Is a Useful Marker for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Is Associated with Poor Prognosis Tumor Characteristics
2012
BackgroundSerum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used marker for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). It lacks specificity and predictive value, resulting in inaccurate diagnoses and overtreatment of the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for PCa and its association with clinicopathological parameters of tumors.Principal findingsPlasma hTERT mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR in 105 consecutive patients with elevated PSA levels and in 68 healthy volunteers. The diagnostic accuracy, the efficacy as a prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence and the associ…