Search results for "Earth and Related Environmental Sciences"

Time evolution of medium and long-period ground tilting at Campi Flegrei caldera

2020

Abstract. We analyse tiltmeter time series recorded from April 2015 to March 2019 at three borehole instruments installed at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). We evaluate the crustal response in terms of ground tilting to external excitations of medium/long-period tidal constituents by applying a polarization analysis. The azimuths of the tilt vectors show well-defined polarization directions and the ground tilting planes oscillate with the periodicity of the corresponding tidal constituents. For two of the three tiltmeters, the average ground oscillation pattern related to the monthly Mm and fortnightly Mf constituents show seasonal variations, which can be ascribed to rainfall-induced tiltin…

Characterization of the seismic dynamical state through joint analysis of earthquakes and seismic noise: the example of Ischia Volcanic Island (Italy)

2020

This work is devoted to the study of both earthquakes and background seismic noise at Ischia Island (Italy) recorded pre and post the Md 4.0 earthquake occurred on 21 August 2017 (18:57 UTC). We compare and characterize noise and earthquakes in terms of Independent Component Analysis, energy and polarization properties. The earthquakes' waveforms and the background noise are decomposed into a few independent components with two main common signals peaked around 1–2 and 3–4 Hz, respectively. A slight increase of the energy of the background seismic noise is observed comparing samples recorded in 2016 and 2017, whereas no variations are detected in 2017 pre and post the main ear…

A simple methodology for comparing cost-benefit of traditional, green and cool roofs

2019

Energy policy makers, architects and researchers, when designing new buildings or rehabilitating the existing ones, are engaged in the attempt of limiting the energy needs for climatization (NZEB buildings) and the environmental pressure exerted by buildings (EU Climate Action). The pursuit of this demanding assignment calls for innovative solutions in conceiving the building envelope and its energy systems. Recently, among the most effective tools for improving the energy and environmental performances of buildings, the technical interventions regarding the roofs are gaining a rising attention. Indeed, covers of buildings are responsible of a relevant part of their energy losses and, on th…

Land surface temperature representativeness in a heterogeneous area through a distributed energy-water balance model and remote sensing data

2010

Land surface temperature is the link between soil-vegetation-atmosphere fluxes and soil water content through the energy water balance. This paper analyses the representativeness of land surface temperature (LST) for a distributed hydrological water balance model (FEST-EWB) using LST from AHS (airborne hyperspectral scanner), with a spatial resolution between 2–4 m, LST from MODIS, with a spatial resolution of 1000 m, and thermal infrared radiometric ground measurements that are compared with the representative equilibrium temperature that closes the energy balance equation in the distributed hydrological model. <br><br> Diurnal and nocturnal images are analyzed due to the non s…

Algae in urban water bodies - control of growth and use as a biomas

2018

Enhancing the ecology security of Ukraine and other developing countries is predetermined by the environmental problems of cities. It prompts studies on the contamination of city's and adjacent water bodies. The control of blue-green algae distribution and the use of its biomass for production of the biofuels, energy, oils, medicine, etc. is one of the contributing factors to the well-balanced development of infrastructure of cities. The intensity of the processes of eutrophication and the species composition of the algae, which cause algal blooming, was investigated based on data of the Vorskla River in Poltava city (Ukraine). Relevant methods, statistical data of Ukrainian Environmental S…

Reconstrucción de un flujo de derrubios: el desastre de Marines (Valencia) de octubre de 1957

2021

espanolEn la manana del 14 de octubre de 1957 una masa compuesta principalmente por bloques y fango procedente de la vertiente oeste de las crestas del Rodeno (Sierra Calderona) asolo la mayor parte del casco urbano de Marines (Valencia), causando 6 victimas mortales y numerosos danos materiales. A partir de la consulta de documentacion de archivo, de la revision de diversas fotografias, del examen de los depositos sedimentarios y de los testimonios de algunos supervivientes, este trabajo ensaya una reconstruccion del episodio y una interpretacion geomorfologica del movimiento de masa. Los materiales analizados han permitido elaborar una cartografia detallada de los procesos y formas del ev…

Threats to human health by great ocean garbage patches

2017

Failure Rate Measurement on Silicon Diodes Reverse Polarized at High Temperature

2017

This paper calculates the failure rate on reversed polarized silicon diodes with the aim to justify, experimentally, the rules of the European Space Agency (ESA) which are referred to the component life’s extension, the reliability increase and the end of life performance enhancement, by using oversized devices (derating rules). In order to verify the derating rules, 80 silicon diodes are used, which are reverse polarized in a high temperature environment. The diodes are divided in 4 groups of 20 diodes, applying a different voltage to each group, in order to relate the failure rate to the applied derating rule. The experiment described in this paper is developed using a temperature acceler…

Temperature variability in the Iberian Range since 1602 inferred from tree-ring records

2017

Abstract. Tree rings are an important proxy to understand the natural drivers of climate variability in the Mediterranean Basin and hence to improve future climate scenarios in a vulnerable region. Here, we compile 316 tree-ring width series from 11 conifer sites in the western Iberian Range. We apply a new standardization method based on the trunk basal area instead of the tree cambial age to develop a regional chronology which preserves high- to low-frequency variability. A new reconstruction for the 1602–2012 period correlates at −0.78 with observational September temperatures with a cumulative mean of the 21 previous months over the 1945–2012 calibration period. The new IR2Tmax reconstr…

Use of metallurgical dust for removal chromium ions from aqueous solutions

2018

The aim of the study was to determine the potential for the application of dust from steel plant as an effective sorbent for removing Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the form of simple and complex ions – Acid Blue 193 dye from aqueous solutions. Three isotherms models were used to interpret the experimental results namely: Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich. Estimated equations parameters allowed to determine the binding mechanism. Based on laboratory studies it was found that the dust was characterized by high sorption capacities for Cr ions and dye from the aqueous solution. The sorption capacity of the dust for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) ions depended on the degree of oxidation, pH of solution…