Search results for "Editor"
showing 10 items of 844 documents
Helicobacter pylori: Infection and New Perspective for the Treatment
2019
The alarming phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori suggests to pay close attention in the treatment. In particular, the clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori was designed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as high priority for antibiotic research in 2017 [1]. In Italy, the overall primary resistance to clarithromycin can be detected in 35.2% of cases; in France, it can be detected in 26% of cases, while in Spain, clarithromycin resistance is present in 27.2% of strains [2–4]. Natural/innovative strategies, as well as novel potentiators to restore the antibiotic susceptibility in resistant strains, could be used to improve the efficacy of H. pylori eradication, and …
Molecular Epidemiology and Evolution in an Outbreak of Fulminant Hepatitis B Virus
2006
ABSTRACT In order to establish the transmission pathway for two outbreak patients affected by fulminant hepatitis B (FHB) following a shared period of hospitalization, we sequenced the complete genomes of the hepatitis B viruses (HBV) isolated from them as well as from the suspected common source and 11 additional controls. Phylogenetic and statistical analyses of these sequences revealed that the two FHB patients were indeed infected by a common source and that the fatal development of the disease did not appear to be associated with any mutation previously reported to be related to FHB. These data have also allowed us to estimate the extent and distribution of genetic variability along th…
Israeli Spotted FeverRickettsiain SicilianRhipicephalus sanguineusTicks
2003
To the Editor: Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is endemic in Italy, where it is a reportable disease. From 1992 to 1998, the Italian Ministry of Health was notified of approximately 8,500 cases of human rickettsioses presumed to be MSF. MSF occurs more commonly in some central (Lazio) and southern (Sardinia, Sicily, and Calabria) regions (1,2); in 1998, an average of 8.8 cases occurred for every 100,000 persons in Sicily, compared with the national average of 1.6 cases per 100,000 persons. Rickettsia conorii has been thought to be the only pathogenic Rickettsia of the spotted fever group in Sicily (3,4) or the western Mediterranean area. Recently, three different spotted fever group ricke…
Misidentification ofDiphyllobothriumSpecies Related to Global Fish Trade, Europe
2014
To the Editor: Diphyllobothriosis, infection by tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) (1), is a well-known disease of humans. In Europe, infections caused by 3 species of Diphyllobothrium have recently been reported in humans: D. latum is considered to be the principal species infecting persons in Europe (1); 4 cases of D. dendriticum infection and 6 cases of D. nihonkaiense infection have also been reported (2,3). Except for those caused by D. latum, which is autochthonous in northeastern Europe and subalpine lakes, most of the cases in Europe have been imported or caused by consumption of fish imported from areas to which the parasites are endemic (1,3,4). …
Rickettsia conorii Indian Tick Typhus Strain and R. slovaca in Humans, Sicily
2012
Letter to the Editor.-- et al.
Drug Resistance in Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium Bloodstream Infection, Malawi
2014
To the Editor: Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is one of the most common causes of bloodstream infection in sub-Saharan Africa (1). Among adults, the principal risk factor for invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease is advanced HIV infection; up to 44% of HIV-infected patients experience bacteremic recurrence through recrudescence of the original infection (2,3). Epidemics of iNTS disease in sub-Saharan Africa have been associated with a novel genotype of S. enterica ser. Typhimurium of multilocus sequence type (ST) 313 that is rarely seen outside the region and is associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) to chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, and ampicillin (4,5). As a conse…
Salmonella bongori48:z35:– in Migratory Birds, Italy
2009
Suggested citation for this article: Foti M, Daidone A, Aleo A, Pizzimenti A, Giacopello C, Mammina C. Salmonella bongori 48:z35:– in migratory birds, Italy. Emerg Infect Dis [serial on the Internet]. 2009 Mar [date cited]. Available from http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/15/3/502.htm
Measles and Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
2012
To the Editor: We found interesting the article by Lupo et al. about a case of fatal measles in an immunocompetent 29-year-old woman (Fatal measles without rash in immunocompetent adult, France; http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1803.111300). Perhaps, however, the possible diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) should also have been considered in that setting. HLH is a potentially fatal hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by histiocyte proliferation and hemophagocytosis. HLH may be inherited (i.e., primary, familial, generally occurring in infants) or may occur at any age secondary to infection, malignancy, or rheumatologic disease. Secondary HLH is determined accor…
MLB1 Astrovirus in Children with Gastroenteritis, Italy
2014
To the Editor: Astroviruses are notable agents of gastroenteritis in many mammalian and avian hosts. Astroviruses are nonenveloped RNA small, round, viruses (SRVs) with a single-stranded, positive sense RNA of 6.1 to 7.9 kb (1). The genome contains 2 nonstructural genes, open reading frame (ORF) 1a and 1b, and a capsid gene, ORF2, with short 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions. Human astroviruses, a major cause of gastroenteritis, are classified in the human astrovirus species, comprising 8 serotypes (1). Recently, astroviruses genetically unrelated to canonical human astroviruses have been identified in human stools in several countries. These unusual astroviruses form 2 main genetic clades. On…
Norovirus GII.4/Sydney/2012 in Italy, Winter 2012–2013
2013
To the Editor: Noroviruses (NoVs) are the major cause of acute gastroenteritis in children and adults; they are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of gastroenteritis in various epidemiologic settings. NoVs can be classified genetically into at least 5 genogroups, GI to GV (1). Although >30 genotypes within genogroups GI, GII, and GIV can infect humans (2), a single genotype, GII.4, has been associated with most NoV-related outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis worldwide (3). GII.4 NoV strains continuously undergo genetic/antigenic diversification and periodically generate novel strains through accumulation of punctate mutations or recombination. New GII.4 variants emerge…