Search results for "Education system"
showing 10 items of 42 documents
Social Inequality in French Education : Extent and Complexity of the Issues
2007
Educational inequality is a matter of acute concern in France as it is in most democratic countries. We rely on schools to assess the skill levels of all students and on this basis to guide them into employment in a way which is impartial and independent of their social origins. However, since the end of the 1960s, French sociology has very cogently denounced sharp and persistent inequalities both in access to different levels of education and in academic success understood more narrowly. This critique took the form of a general theory, presented by Bourdieu and Passeron in 1970 in Reproduction, which made social inequalities a necessary outcome of the way in which school systems worked.
Professional Learning of Teachers in Ethiopia: Challenges and Implications for Reform
2015
Continuous professional development of teachers is of growing interest globally, as it is considered vital to cope effectively with ongoing changes and to improve the quality of education. This qualitative case study explores potential and actual barriers that hinder teachers’ professional development in Ethiopian schools. Data was collected via interviews and focus group discussions from 37 purposively sampled participants. The study reveals three major challenges in teachers’ development: 1) conceptions and conceptual issues related to teaching, professional development and mentoring, 2) management and leadership, and 3) teachers’ work conditions. The need to reconsider educational change…
Organization and efficiency of education systems : some empirical findings
2000
International audience; Using a sample of countries chosen for their similar level of development, this article shows the extent to which the organisation of primary and secondary education differs from one country to another, notably with respect to the way in which systems differentiate and select pupils for specialised curricula. It also explores the question of whether an education system that sorts pupils at a very early age is more cost-effective than a system that does not sort pupils during compulsory education. The stylised description of national education system is based on various sources of information. The data used in the cost analysis come from OECD and UNESCO. Due to data l…
La Finlande construit l’école du nouveau millénaire
2018
Les municipalités ont joué un rôle essentiel dans l’organisation de la scolarisation en Finlande. L’éducation publique de base couvre 97 % des élèves. Cependant, jusqu’au milieu des années 1990, il revenait au gouvernement de compenser les grandes disparités de ressources entre territoires, de contrôler le curriculum et les programmes, et d’assurer la certification des enseignants. Depuis, le contrôle central a été réduit, notamment en fermant l’inspection académique. La Finlande n’a plus de système d’évaluation des élèves au niveau national. Après avoir été très bien notées dans les comparaisons internationales, les écoles finlandaises ont vu ces résultats s’affaiblir alors que les inégali…
Pretī veiksmīgai izglītības sistēmai 21.gadsimtā: Somijas piemērs
2017
Maģistra darba "Pretī veiksmīgai izglītības sistēmai 21.gadsimtā: Somijas piemērs" mērķis ir izpētīt sasniegumus un trūkumus Somijas izglītības sistēmā, kas balstās uz vispārēju pasaules uzskatu un Somijas pilsoņu viedokļiem. Darbā analizēta teorētiskā literatūra par jautājumiem un vadlīnijām Somijas izglītības sistēmā, pamatā raksturo skolotāja darbu un ir veikts pētījums, lai noskaidrotu somu viedokļus par Somijas izglītības sistēmu. Pirmā nodaļa ir veltīta politiskajiem un sociālajiem pieņēmumiem, un sabiedrībā dažus pavedienus aprakstam, raksturojumam. Otrā nodaļa ietver pedagoģijas un psiholoģijas pieņēmumu aprakstus par Somijas izglītības sistēmu un sociāli konstruktīvismu kā teorijas…
Finnish Quality Evaluation Discourse : Swimming Against the Global Tide?
2023
AbstractThis chapter discusses Finnish quality evaluation in comprehensive education, recognising that it frequently differs from that used by the Global Education Reform Movement (GERM) in most countries. Instead of high-stakes testing of pupil achievement, monitoring or school inspection, Finnish quality evaluation (QE) rests mainly on sample-based national testing and self-evaluations conducted in schools and municipalities. The argument presented here is that, although reform of the Finnish education system has often taken a different path from other countries, at the level of discourse, the Finnish system is increasingly caught between the more usual approach to QE and the Finnish vari…
Language Education for Everyone? Busting Access Myths
2023
AbstractFinland has, rather successfully, promoted an image of itself as a model of educational excellence and linguistic equity. This chapter problematises this image by analysing Finnish language education policies at the comprehensive school level. For our analysis we use a three-fold understanding of access as; (a) having the opportunity to participate in language education (getting in); (b) participating in education that is meaningful and effective for the pupil (getting it); and (c) receiving credentials that are societally legitimate and valuable assets (getting out). We elaborate on each aspect of access by debunking three myths for the Finnish context that: (a) Multilingualism is …
Ecological Sustainability and Steering of Finnish Comprehensive Schools
2023
AbstractWith the climate catastrophe and biodiversity loss, our globe is facing enormous challenges: the basis of life on Earth is in danger. Eco-anxiety and global eco-social crises are also driving education to search for solutions to build a sustainable future, for instance the United Nations Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development views education as a key instrument for change. One of the key promises of the Finnish Ministry of Education is to commit to sustainable development, and the Finnish National Forum for Skills Anticipation states that important future skills should include knowledge of sustainable development. In national reports on how to carry out Agenda 2030, Finland has hig…
Negotiated, Given and Self-Made Paths : Immigrant Origin Girls and Post-compulsory Educational Transition in Finland
2023
AbstractAlthough Finland still has a relatively low proportion of students with a migrant background, it has not been able to ensure that immigrants and their descendants have equal educational opportunities. Education could enhance integration but migrant backgrounds have a persistent impact. In this chapter, our focus is on post-comprehensive educational decision-making processes of immigrant origin adolescent girls, with the viewpoint of the multifaceted intertwinement of gender and ethnicity. We conceptualise the educational decisions as negotiations that adolescents have to have with their families, teachers, counsellors and peers. Within these negotiations, the negotiating parties try…
Municipal Governance of Comprehensive Education : The emergence of local universalisms
2023
The governance of Finland’s comprehensive school system has histori- cally evolved from centralised governance into a blend of national and local (munic- ipal) decision-making authority. The two-fold model of governance was launched in the 1970s according to the planning economy logic, where the national educa- tion policies were enacted and regulated through strict and detailed legislation, a redistributive and ‘earmarked’ state subsidy system and a uniform national core curriculum. At an ideological level, comprehensive reform was tied firmly to the principle of equal opportunities. However, changes in administrative thinking since the 1990s have created a new balance between governmental…