Search results for "Effects"

showing 10 items of 2634 documents

Casimir-Polder interatomic potential between two atoms at finite temperature and in the presence of boundary conditions

2007

We evaluate the Casimir-Polder potential between two atoms in the presence of an infinite perfectly conducting plate and at nonzero temperature. In order to calculate the potential, we use a method based on equal-time spatial correlations of the electric field, already used to evaluate the effect of boundary conditions on interatomic potentials. This method gives also a transparent physical picture of the role of a finite temperature and boundary conditions on the Casimir-Polder potential. We obtain an analytical expression of the potential both in the near and far zones, and consider several limiting cases of interest, according to the values of the parameters involved, such as atom-atom d…

PhysicsQuantum Physicsdispersion interactionFOS: Physical sciencesInteratomic potentialLimitingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectCavity quantum electrodynamictemperature effects.Lennard-Jones potentialQuantum mechanicsElectric fieldPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersBoundary value problemPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum field theoryQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Local reinforcement effect of embedded strain gauges

2010

The reinforcement effect of strain gauges installed on low Young's modulus materials has received attention by many researchers with respect to both strain gauges installed on the surface [1,2] and embedded inside the material [3,4]. In the case of strain gauges installed on the surface, the evaluation of the local reinforcement effect gives [5] the following correction coefficient C, i.e. the ratio between the actual strain (without the strain gauge) and the strain ' measured by the strain gauge: * ' 1 sg s E C E (1) being * sg g , sg sg sg sg sg sg t L L E E L t t (2) where Esg is the Young’s modulus of the strain gauge, * Esg is a characteristic of the strain gauge which gives the strain…

PhysicsSettore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di MacchineStrain (chemistry)PhysicsQC1-999technology industry and agricultureModulusMechanical engineeringEMBEDDED STRAIN GAUGE LOCAL REINFORCEMENT EFFECTSComposite materialReinforcementStrain gaugeEPJ Web of Conferences
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External Noise Effects in Silicon MOS Inversion Layer

2013

The effect of the addition of an external source of correlated noise on the electron transport in silicon MOS inversion layer, driven by a static electric field, has been investigated. The electron dynamics is simulated by a Monte Carlo procedure which takes into account non-polar optical and acoustic phonons. In our modelling of the quasi-two-dimensional electron gas, the potential profile, perpendicular to the MOS structure, is assumed to follow the triangular potential approximation. We calculate the changes in both the autocorrelation function and the spectral density of the velocity fluctuations, at different values of noise amplitude and correlation time. The findings indicate that, t…

PhysicsSiliconchemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementInversion (meteorology)Silicon MOS inversion layer Noise effectsExternal noiseSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaComputational physics
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Adaptive Kerr-Assisted Transverse Mode Selection in Multimode Fibers

2019

Multimode optical fibers (MMFs) have recently regained interest because of the degrees of freedom associated with their different eigenmodes. In the nonlinear propagation regime in particular, new phenomena have been unveiled in graded-index (GRIN) MMFs such as geometric parametric instabilities and Kerr beam self-cleaning [1, 2]. The speckled pattern observed at the output of the MMF at low powers, is transformed at high powers into a bell-shaped beam close to the fundamental mode. Recent work has also demonstrated that Kerr beam self-cleaning can lead to a low-order spatial mode, different from a bell-shape, by adjusting the laser beam in-coupling conditions [3]. An attractive way to syst…

PhysicsWavefrontMulti-mode optical fiberOptical fiberSpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyKerr effect; multimode fibers; transverse effects01 natural sciencesTransverse modelaw.inventionmultimode fibers010309 opticsNonlinear systemOpticsKerr effectlaw0103 physical sciencestransverse effects0210 nano-technologyAdaptive opticsbusinessBeam (structure)
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Monitoring noise-resonant effects in cancer growth influenced by external fluctuations and periodic treatment

2007

In the paper we investigate a mathematical model describing the growth of tumor in the presence of immune response of a host organism. The dynamics of tumor and immune cells is based on the generic Michaelis-Menten kinetics depicting interaction and competition between the tumor and the immune system. The appropriate phenomenological equation modeling cell-mediated immune surveillance against cancer is of the predator-prey form and exhibits bistability within a given choice of the immune response-related parameters. Under the influence of weak external fluctuations, the model may be analyzed in terms of a stochastic differential equation bearing the form of an overdamped Langevin-like dynam…

Physicsresonant effects in cancerBistabilityPerturbation (astronomy)Tumor therapyFOS: Physical sciencesExternal noiseCondensed Matter PhysicsImmune surveillancePhysics - Medical PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorExtinction timeStochastic differential equationBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)Host organismStatistical physicsPhysics - Biological PhysicsMedical Physics (physics.med-ph)
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Electrooptic beam deflection with latex

1988

The use of latex in electrooptic devices is proposed. The static non linearity coefficient is shown to be approximatively 200 times the optical one. The theory of a beam deflector is developed and an explicit expression is given for the deflection angle versus the physical parameters of the sample Utilisation de suspensions aqueuses de latex dans un dispositif electro-optique. On montre que le coefficient statique de non-linearite devrait etre 200 fois plus eleve que le coefficient optique. Application a un deflecteur optique

Physics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesDeflection angle010309 opticsOptics0103 physical scienceselectro optical effectsChemistrybusiness.industrylatexNon linearityNonlinear opticsdeflection angleParticle suspension021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyelectrooptic devicesphysical parameterssample[PHYS.HIST]Physics [physics]/Physics archivesPhysics::Accelerator Physicsstatic nonlinearity coefficientelectrooptic beam deflection0210 nano-technologybusinessBeam (structure)electro optical devices
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DNA methylation changes associated with prenatal mercury exposure:A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies from PACE consortium

2022

Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous heavy metal that originates from both natural and anthropogenic sources and is transformed in the environment to its most toxicant form, methylmercury (MeHg). Recent studies suggest that MeHg exposure can alter epigenetic modifications during embryogenesis. In this study, we examined associations between prenatal MeHg exposure and levels of cord blood DNA methylation (DNAm) by meta-analysis in up to seven independent studies (n = 1462) as well as persistence of those relationships in blood from 7 to 8 year-old children (n = 794). In cord blood, we found limited evidence of differential DNAm at cg24184221 in MED31 (β = 2.28 × 10-4, p-value = 5.87 × 10-5) in relat…

PhysiologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundPregnancyPrenatal exposureMedicineHumansEpigeneticsProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyChildMethylmercuryGeneral Environmental ScienceMediator ComplexDNA methylationbusiness.industrydNaMMethylmercuryMercuryMethylmercury CompoundsPACEALSPACFetal BloodchemistryCord bloodMeta-analysisChild PreschoolPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsDNA methylationFemaleHELIX studybusinessToxicant
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Possible Role of Glymphatic System of the Brain in the Pathogenesis of High-Altitude Cerebral Edema

2018

Simka, Marian, Paweł Latacz, and Joanna Czaja. Possible role of glymphatic system of the brain in the pathogenesis of high-altitude cerebral edema. High Alt Med Biol. 19:394–397, 2018.—In this article, we suggest that the glymphatic system of the brain can play an important role in the pathogenesis of high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). Water enters the intercellular space of the brain primarily through aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) water channels, the main component of the glymphatic system, whereas acetazolamide, pharmacological agent used in the prevention of HACE, is the blocker of the AQP-4 molecule. In animal experiments, cerebral edema caused by hypobaric hypoxia was associated with an increa…

Physiologyglymphatic systemaquaporin-4Brain EdemaAltitude Sickness030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCerebral edemaPathogenesis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansAquaporin 4business.industryAltitudePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthastrocytesBrainGeneral MedicineEffects of high altitude on humansmedicine.diseaseSleep in non-human animalsAcetazolamideAquaporin 4Glymphatic systemAcetazolamidebusinessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHigh-altitude cerebral edemamedicine.drug
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Plant Occurring Flavonoids as Modulators of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor

2021

International audience; The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor deeply implicated in health and diseases. Historically identified as a sensor of xenobiotics and mainly toxic substances, AhR has recently become an emerging pharmacological target in cancer, immunology, inflammatory conditions, and aging. Multiple AhR ligands are recognized, with plant occurring flavonoids being the largest group of natural ligands of AhR in the human diet. The biological implications of the modulatory effects of flavonoids on AhR could be highlighted from a toxicological and environmental concern and for the possible pharmacological applicability. Overall, the possible AhR-mediated harmf…

PhytochemicalsPharmaceutical ScienceDioxin ReceptorReview[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal ChemistryPharmacologyFlavonesAnalytical Chemistryfunctional food03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundQD241-4410302 clinical medicineFlavonolsDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansxenobioticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTranscription factorBeneficial effectstranscription factor030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classificationFlavonoidsbioactive0303 health sciencesphytocompoundsbiologyfungiOrganic Chemistryfood and beveragesPolyphenolsdioxin receptorrespiratory systemIsoflavonesAryl hydrocarbon receptorIsoflavonesrespiratory tract diseases3. Good healthchemistryReceptors Aryl HydrocarbonChemistry (miscellaneous)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAh receptorbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineXenobioticTranscription FactorsMolecules
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Globally defining the effects of mutations in a picornavirus capsid

2021

The capsids of non-enveloped viruses are highly multimeric and multifunctional protein assemblies that play key roles in viral biology and pathogenesis. Despite their importance, a comprehensive understanding of how mutations affect viral fitness across different structural and functional attributes of the capsid is lacking. To address this limitation, we globally define the effects of mutations across the capsid of a human picornavirus. Using this resource, we identify structural and sequence determinants that accurately predict mutational fitness effects, refine evolutionary analyses, and define the sequence specificity of key capsid-encoded motifs. Furthermore, capitalizing on the derive…

PicornavirusViral proteinQH301-705.5Sciencevirusesmedicine.medical_treatmentPicornaviridaeComputational biologymedicine.disease_causeGenomeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyVirusImmune systemcapsidmedicineSingle amino acidBiology (General)GeneTropismHost proteinGeneticsEvolutionary BiologyMicrobiology and Infectious DiseaseMutationmutational fitness effectsProteaseGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyGeneral NeuroscienceQRviral proteaseGeneral Medicinebiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationViruspicornavirusViral proteaseCapsidMutationMedicineCapsid ProteinsHuman genomeDeep mutational scanningResearch ArticleHuman
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