Search results for "Effects"

A decade of trials of interferon-alpha for chronic hepatitis C. A meta-regression analysis

2003

The most relevant randomized controlled trials of interferon-alpha (IFN) for naive patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) published in a decade, just before appearance of pegylated IFN trials in 2000, were included in this paper. Its purpose is to review the relationship between sustained biochemical response in active versus control group versus usual clinical variables as IFN regimens, cirrhosis, genotype and versus less frequently addressed variables as funding, methodological quality or location of principal author. Meta-analysis estimates of global treatment effect varied according to trial design: group 1=IFN versus placebo/no treatment, 32 RCTs, 2499 pts, OR 9.5 (6.3-14.2); group 2a…

Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Physical Exercise

1998

The beneficial effects of exercise are well documented. Indeed, it ameliorates diabetes mellitus, improves the plasma lipid profile, increases bone density and may help to lose weight. However, as stated in the old medical saying “the beneficial effects of exercise are lost with exhaustion”. It has been known for some time that exhaustive exercise causes muscle soreness, induces an elevation of cytosolic enzyme activities in blood plasma and may be harmful. In the last decade a considerable amount of information concerning production of free radicals in exhaustive exercise has been obtained. An international symposium took place in Valencia, Spain in 1993 and a book was published on the sub…

Beneficial Effects of CPAP Treatment in High-risk Subgroups of OSA Patients: Some Evidence, at Last.

2018

the clinical and pathophysiological links between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular

Behavioral and hemodynamic effects of prefrontal anodal stimulation in healthy older adults: a simultaneous tDCS/fNIRS study

2019

Adaptations to aerobic interval training: interactive effects of exercise intensity and total work duration

2011

To compare the effects of three 7-week interval training programs varying in work period duration but matched for effort in trained recreational cyclists. Thirty-five cyclists (29 male, 6 female, VO(2peak) 52 ± 6 mL kg/min) were randomized to four training groups with equivalent training the previous 2 months (∼6 h/wk, ∼1.5 int. session/wk). Low only (n=8) trained 4-6 sessions/wk at a low-intensity. Three groups (n=9 each) trained 2 sessions/wk × 7 wk: 4 × 4 min, 4 × 8 min, or 4 × 16 min, plus 2-3 weekly low-intensity bouts. Interval sessions were prescribed at the maximal tolerable intensity. Interval training was performed at 88 ± 2, 90 ± 2, and 94 ± 2% of HR(peak) and 4.9, 9.6, and 13.2 …

Long-term improvement of quality of life in adult ADHD – results of the randomized multimodal COMPAS trial

2021

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) negatively impacts Quality of Life (QoL) in adults. Earlier studies on pharmacological treatment have shown short-term beneficial effects on QoL. No data are available on long-term effects on multimodal psychosocial and/or pharmacological interventions. The Comparison of Methylphenidate and Psychotherapy in Adult ADHD Study (COMPAS), a prospective, multicenter randomized clinical trial, compared cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy (GPT) with individual clinical management (CM) and methylphenidate (MPH) with placebo (Plac) (2 × 2 factorial design over a period of 52 weeks). Change of QoL was measured after three months of intensive treatme…

34. The impact of partial sleep deprivation on the modulation of pain: Psychophysical and neurophysiological correlates

2009

Occupational exposure to pesticides and congenital malformations: A review of mechanisms, methods, and results

1998

Pesticides are chemicals that are widely used all over the world. Human beings can be exposed through environmental contamination and/or occupational use of pesticides. Although there is substantial information on the acute toxicity of many of these chemicals, available knowledge on delayed effects is much more limited. This paper reviews epidemiological studies on occupational exposure to pesticides, mainly in agricultural workers, and risk of congenital malformations. The discussion includes postulated mechanisms for birth defects from paternal or maternal exposure, a detailed review of method of the studies carried out so far on the relationship between occupational exposure to pesticide…

Preparando el escenario para dejar de fumar en el paciente con Trastorno Bipolar: intervención breve en la práctica clínica

2018

Tobacco consumption is the main preventable factor of mortality in smokers with bipolar disorder (BD), and any possible solutions are often blocked by prejudices over desire, and the possibilities and risks for these patients in giving up tobacco consumption. Adults with BD were recruited at 8 Mental Health Centres. Smokers were evaluated before and after a brief intervention based on the 3 A’s and classified into a ‘Stage of Change’ (SOC) and their ‘Readiness to Change’ (RTC). A multiple linear regression was used to analyze the progression in their RTC and the independent effect of different variables (pharmacological treatment, history of psychotic symptoms, current anxiety symptoms, wil…

IMPACT OF CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY ON COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS

2016

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the impact of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) on cognitive performance in patients with severe carotid disease and depressive symptoms, and to explore the possible associations between certain demographics, clinical characteristics, and cognitive function and depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 48 patients, who were referred for endarterectomy. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, while depressive symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9) scale. An assessment of cognitive and depressive symptoms was performed 1–3 days before surgery, and then six months after. R…