Search results for "Effects"

showing 10 items of 2634 documents

Consensus meeting: monosodium glutamate – an update

2006

Update of the Hohenheim consensus on monosodium glutamate from 1997: Summary and evaluation of recent knowledge with respect to physiology and safety of monosodium glutamate.Experts from a range of relevant disciplines received and considered a series of questions related to aspects of the topic.University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.The experts met and discussed the questions and arrived at a consensus.Total intake of glutamate from food in European countries is generally stable and ranged from 5 to 12 g/day (free: ca. 1 g, protein-bound: ca. 10 g, added as flavor: ca. 0.4 g). L-Glutamate (GLU) from all sources is mainly used as energy fuel in enterocytes. A maximum intake of 6.000 [c…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentMonosodium glutamatePopulationMedicine (miscellaneous)Physiologychemistry.chemical_compoundBolus (medicine)Elderly personsPregnancyInternal medicineSodium GlutamatemedicineHumansPalatabilityChildeducationAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsDose-Response Relationship DrugAppetite Regulationbusiness.industryInfant NewbornGlutamate receptorInfantMiddle AgedFood safetyFlavoring AgentsHuman nutritionEndocrinologychemistryBlood-Brain BarrierConsumer Product SafetyChild PreschoolPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsFemaleFood AdditivesbusinessEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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Responses of low and high compression during recovery after repeated sprint training in well-trained handball players.

2017

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of wearing various levels of compression following repeated and exhausting sprint exercise on variables related to recovery. Twelve well-trained handball players performed three sessions of repeated and exhausting sprint exercise (30 × 30m). Directly after each session the participants wore tights extending from below the hip to the foot with either 0, 10, or 25 mm Hg of compression onto the thigh and calf muscles. 48 h after the training session all participants performed 5 × 30m sprints and counter movement jumps. Before, directly after, 24 h, and 48 h after the training session venous blood samples were drawn for the determination of cr…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAthletic PerformanceCalf musclesClothingRunning03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineStress PhysiologicalmedicinePressureHumansUreaOrthopedics and Sports MedicineBeneficial effectsCreatine KinaseLegbiologybusiness.industry030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineVenous bloodRecovery of FunctionCompression (physics)Sprint trainingC-Reactive ProteinSprintAthletesPlasma concentrationMuscle Fatiguebiology.proteinPhysical therapyCreatine kinasebusinesshuman activitiesStockings CompressionStress PsychologicalEuropean journal of sport science
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Levels of GHB in hair after regular application.

2021

Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a central nervous system depressant that is an approved drug for the treatment of narcolepsy with cataplexy and other syndromes. Due to its dose dependent stimulating, relaxing or sedative effects, illicit abuses include recreational use by young people and cases of drug-facilitated crime (DFC). Since GHB is also produced endogenously, for forensic questions, it is important to be able to differentiate between endogenous GHB and elevated levels due to additional intake. In this study, we measured GHB concentrations in hair of patients with narcolepsy receiving daily GHB treatment. The results were compared to endogenous concentrations and concentrations after …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentSodium OxybateDose dependenceRecreational use01 natural sciencesPathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineTandem Mass SpectrometryInternal medicineMedicineHumans030216 legal & forensic medicineNarcolepsySleep disorderbusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistryCentral Nervous System DepressantsGamma hydroxybutyratemedicine.disease0104 chemical sciencesSodium saltEndocrinologySedative EffectsFemalebusinessSodium OxybateLawNarcolepsyChromatography LiquidHairForensic science international
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Caspofungin first-line therapy for invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: an European Organisation for Res…

2010

Caspofungin at standard dose was evaluated as first-line monotherapy of mycologically documented probable/proven invasive aspergillosis (IA) (unmodified European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycosis Study Group criteria) in allogeneic hematopoietic SCT patients. The primary efficacy end point was complete or partial response at end of caspofungin treatment. Response at week 12, survival and safety were additional end points. Enrollment was stopped prematurely because of low accrual, with 42 enrolled and 24 eligible, giving the study a power of 85%. Transplant was from unrelated donors in 16 patients; acute or chronic GVHD was present in 15. In all, 12 patients were neut…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAntifungal AgentsDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactionsmedicine.medical_treatmentGraft vs Host DiseaseHematopoietic stem cell transplantationAspergillosischemistry.chemical_compoundEchinocandinsLipopeptidesYoung AdultPharmacotherapyCaspofunginInternal medicineMedicineAspergillosisHumansTransplantation HomologousaspergillosiscaspofunginAdverse effectSurvival rateAgedallogeneicTransplantationbusiness.industryHematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantationhematopoietic SCTHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryCalcineurinTransplantationEuropeSurvival RateTreatment OutcomechemistryDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleCaspofunginbusinessBone marrow transplantation
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Compliance to therapy with Dapoxetine in patients affected by Premature Ejaculation

2012

Introduction Premature ejaculation (PE) is a sexual dysfunction with high prevalence. According to some reports, it is present in about 20-30% of the male population. Since 2009 PE has been treated with a novel inhibitor of serotonin re-uptake, Dapoxetine, which has been reported to be specifically active for PE. Materials and Methods 59 patients have been selected among the patients affected by PE observed at the outpatient department of Urology and Andrology of the “Paolo Giaccone” University Policlinic Hospital of Palermo. Diagnosis was confirmed unequivocally in all patients, who were suitable for drug treatment and accepted to participate in the study. They were divided in 2 groups: on…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyBenzylaminespremature ejaculation dapoxetine Cytalopram compliance side effectsAdolescentGastrointestinal DiseasesMigraine DisordersComorbidityCitalopramCitalopramNaphthalenesMedication AdherenceSettore MED/24 - UrologiaDrug treatmentYoung AdultInternal medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesPremature ejaculationmedicineOutpatient clinicHumansIn patientPremature EjaculationEiaculazione precoce dapoxetina citalopram compliance effetti collateraliLife StyleAgedGynecologyHigh prevalencebusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health CareDapoxetineSexual dysfunctionmedicine.symptomNervous System DiseasesbusinessSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitorsmedicine.drug
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Structural brain correlates of IQ changes in bipolar disorder

2006

Background. There is increasing evidence that cognitive deficits are present in bipolar disorder (BP), but their neural correlates have not been fully explored. The aim of this study is to correlate structural brain abnormalities with cognitive performance in BP and to explore differences between clinical subtypes. Method. Thirty-six BP patients (13 men, 23 women) with a mean age of 39 years (range 21–63 years) underwent neuropsychological testing and imaging. Twenty-five patients had bipolar disorder I (BP I) and 11 had bipolar disorder II (BP II). Patients with co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis, drug and alcohol abuse or systemic illness were excluded. Correlations between cognitive perform…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyBipolar DisorderIntelligenceNeuropsychological TestsSuperior temporal gyrusGyrusInternal medicinemedicineHumansBipolar disorderEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceApplied PsychologyDepression (differential diagnoses)Settore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaIntelligence quotientBrainMiddle AgedImage Enhancementmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingUncusPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureMultivariate AnalysisCardiologyRegression AnalysisFemaleIQ bipolar disordermedicine.symptomCognition DisordersPsychologyManiaNeurosciencePsychological Medicine
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Bipolar I and Bipolar II Disorder: Cognition and Emotion Processing

2006

Background. Cognitive impairment may be part of the endophenotype of bipolar disorder (BP), but little is known about patterns and severity of impairment in BP subgroups and their relation to depression. The same applies to deficits in emotion processing known to be present in BP.Method. To explore the relationship between depression and impairment in cognition and emotion processing and the differences between BP subgroups, we assessed 36 (25 BP I and 11 BP II) patients using a cognitive battery and a facial emotion recognition task.Results. BP patients were impaired compared to published norms on memory, naming and executive measures (Binomial Single Proportion tests, p<0·05). Cognitiv…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyBipolar Disordermedicine.medical_treatmentNeuropsychological TestsSeverity of Illness IndexBipolar II disorderElectroconvulsive therapymedicineHumansEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceBipolar disorderPsychiatryApplied PsychologySettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaCognitive disorderCognitionmedicine.diseaseDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersPsychiatry and Mental healthAffectEndophenotypeFemaleAdult Affect* Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis* Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology* Cognition Disorders/diagnosis Cognition Disorders/epidemiology Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Female Humans Male Neuropsychological Tests Severity of Illness Indexmedicine.symptomPsychologyCognition DisordersManiaClinical psychology
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The switch from conventional to atypical antipsychotic treatment should not be based exclusively on the presence of cognitive deficits. A pilot study…

2010

Abstract Background Atypical antipsychotics provide better control of the negative and affective symptoms of schizophrenia when compared with conventional neuroleptics; nevertheless, their heightened ability to improve cognitive dysfunction remains a matter of debate. This study aimed to examine the changes in cognition associated with long-term antipsychotic treatment and to evaluate the effect of the type of antipsychotic (conventional versus novel antipsychotic drugs) on cognitive performance over time. Methods In this naturalistic study, we used a comprehensive neuropsychological battery of tests to assess a sample of schizophrenia patients taking either conventional (n = 13) or novel a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCognition disorderslcsh:RC435-571Teràpia cognitivamedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentAtypical antipsychoticPilot ProjectsComorbidityCognitive therapyNeuropsychological TestsTrastorns de la cogniciólcsh:PsychiatryResearch articlemedicineHumansVerbal fluency testLongitudinal StudiesAntipsychotic drugsEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performancePsychiatryAntipsychoticRetrospective StudiesPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesCognitionExecutive functionsmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthTreatment OutcomeSchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyAntipsicòticsEsquizofrèniaVerbal memoryCognition DisordersPsychologyAntipsychotic AgentsClinical psychologyBMC Psychiatry
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Baseline [18F]-FDOPA kinetics are predictive of haloperidol-induced changes in dopamine turnover and cognitive performance: A positron emission tomog…

2007

The telencephalic dopamine innervations contribute to the modulation of cognitive processing. However, the relationship between cognitive effects of D(2/3)-receptor antagonism and dopamine transmission is not described in healthy subjects. We therefore tested effects of acute haloperidol (5 mg/d over 3 days) on continuous performance task (CPT) performance and 6-[(18)F]-fluoro-l-DOPA (FDOPA) PET parameters. Nine physically and mentally healthy male men performed two FDOPA-PET scans including arterial plasma withdrawal. Over 3 days before the second scan, all subjects were treated with 5 mg/d haloperidol orally. Using our novel steady-state analysis, we calculated the intrinsic rate of the c…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCognitive NeuroscienceDopamineKineticsStriatumNeuropsychological TestsCognitionDopamineContinuous performance taskFluorodeoxyglucose F18Predictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineHaloperidolImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performancePsychiatryBrain Chemistrymedicine.diagnostic_testHealthy subjectsReceptors Dopamine D3BrainMiddle AgedDopamine D2 Receptor AntagonistsEndocrinologyNeurologyPositron emission tomographyData Interpretation StatisticalPositron-Emission TomographyDopamine AntagonistsHaloperidolFemaleRadiopharmaceuticalsPsychologyAlgorithmsPsychomotor Performancemedicine.drugNeuroImage
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Treatment and its side effects in ANCA-associated vasculitides - Study based on POLVAS registry data.

2020

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study is to present the treatment modalities and associated side effects in a Polish nation-wide ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) patients’ cohort. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with AAV between 1990 and 2016, included in the POLVAS registry was performed. Standard descriptive statistic methods were used with an emphasis on the treatment modalities. Results There were 625 patients diagnosed with AAV included in this study: 417 cases of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA; 66.7%), 106 cases of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA; 17.0%) and 102 cases of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA; 16.3%). The mean ag…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCyclophosphamideDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsAzathioprineAnti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMaintenance therapyInternal medicineAzathioprinemedicineHumansTreatment complications030212 general & internal medicineRegistriesAdverse effectCyclophosphamideGlucocorticoidsANCA associated vasculitisRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryVasculitis registryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurvival RateMethotrexate030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortRituximabDrug Therapy CombinationFemalePolandMicroscopic polyangiitisGranulomatosis with polyangiitisbusinessRituximabVasculitis treatmentImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugFollow-Up StudiesAdvances in medical sciences
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