Search results for "Effects"

Brain Oscillatory and Hemodynamic Activity in a Bimanual Coordination Task Following Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS): A Combined …

2018

Motor control is associated with synchronized oscillatory activity at alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (12–30 Hz) frequencies in a cerebello-thalamo-cortical network. Previous studies demonstrated that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is capable of entraining ongoing oscillatory activity while also modulating motor control. However, the modulatory effects of tACS on both motor control and its underlying electro- and neurophysiological mechanisms remain ambiguous. Thus, the purpose of this study was to contribute to gathering neurophysiological knowledge regarding tACS effects by investigating the after-effects of 10 Hz tACS and 20 Hz tACS at parietal brain areas on bimanual coord…

Prepulse Inhibition of the Startle Reflex as a Predictor of Vulnerability to Develop Locomotor Sensitization to Cocaine

2020

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex is a measure of sensory-motor synchronization. A deficit in PPI has been observed in psychiatric patients, especially those with schizophrenia and vulnerable subjects, since the neural bases of this disorder are also involved in the regulation of PPI. Recently, we have reported that baseline PPI levels in mice can predict their sensitivity to the conditioned reinforcing effects of cocaine in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Mice with a low PPI presented a lower sensitivity to the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine; however, once they acquired conditioned preference with a higher dose of the drug, a more persistent associa…

2017

The Cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis was put forward to account for the variability in cognitive performance of patients with similar degrees of brain pathology. Compensatory neural activity within the frontal lobes has often been associated with CR. For the first time we investigated the independent effects of two CR proxies, education and NART IQ, on measures of executive function, fluid intelligence, speed of information processing, verbal short term memory (vSTM), naming, and perception in a sample of 86 patients with focal, unilateral frontal lesions and 142 healthy controls. We fitted multiple linear regression models for each of the cognitive measures and found that only NART IQ pre…

Der Einflu� von Antibiotica auf die �berlebensrate von Mikroorganismen bei tiefen Temperaturen

1959

Die Lebendkeimzahl in einer Suspension vonE. coli nimmt bei +4°C langsam zu, nimmt bei-5°C wenig ab und fallt bei-19°C innerhalb von 24 Std stark, wahrend die Verringerung in den folgenden Tagen nur noch gering ist. Streptomycin und Penicillin vermindern in allen 3 Temperaturbereichen die Keimkonzentration in Abhangigkeit von der Antibioticumkonzentration. Subbakteriostatische Konzentrationen von Streptomycin haben bei-19°C eine zusatzliche Wirkung. Die Resistenz der in uberbakteriostatischen Antibioticakonzentrationen bei diesen Temperaturen uberlebenden Keime ist gegenuber dem Ausgangsstamm weder erhoht noch vermindert.

Stakeholders’ Attitudes about the Transplantations of the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica as a Habitat Restoration Measure after Anthropoge…

2021

Anthropogenic impacts on Posidonia oceanica meadows have led to a decline of this ecosystem throughout the Mediterranean. Transplantations have often been prescribed as a compensation measure to mitigate the impacts caused by coastal maritime works. Here a Q methodology approach was used to investigate the stakeholders’ attitudes in four case studies of P. oceanica transplants realized in Italian waters. Twenty-two respondents were asked to score 37 statements, and the resultant Q-sorting was analyzed via an inverse PCA using the KADE software. Four discourses, corresponding to the significant axes in the factorial analysis were identified: science and conservation (F1), oriented at a rigor…

Complex Systems: an Interdisciplinary Approach

2011

Two main peculiarities characterize complex systems: the nonlinearity and the noisy environmental interaction. The comprehension of noise role in the dynamics of nonlinear systems plays a key aspect in the efforts devoted to understand and model so-called complex systems.

An integrated methodological approach for optimising complex systems subjected to predictive maintenance

2021

Abstract The present paper addresses the relevant topic of maintenance management, widely recognised as a fundamental issue involving complex engineering systems and leading companies towards the optimisation of their assets while pursuing cost efficiency. With this regard, our research aims to provide companies with a hybrid methodological approach based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) capable to deal with the main failures potentially involving complex systems subjected to predictive maintenance. Such an approach is going to be integrated within the framework of traditional Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), whose strengths and weaknesses are considered. In pa…

Complicanze in chirurgia tiroidea: ipoparatiroidismo sintomatico post-operatorio.Incidenza, note di tecnica chirurgica, prevenzione e trattamento.

2006

Introduction: Total thyroidectomy has a definite role in the management of malignant and benign thyroid disorders, with minimal complications and rare postoperative mortality. Even though thyroid surgery is quite safe, mechanical damage, devascularization or inadvertent removal of the parathyroid glands are possible. The aim of this study is to report report the personal surgical experience and to define some of the pathologic and clinical characteristics of unintentional parathyroidectomy and post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia Materials and methods: A retrospective-observational study was carried on 313 thyroidectomies from January 2000 to January 2004 (60 males and 253 females), mean age 41 …

A General Equilibrium Analysis of Climate Change Impacts on Tourism

2004

This paper studies the economic implications of climate-change-induced variations in tourism demand, using a world CGE model. The model is first re-calibrated at some future years, obtaining hypothetical benchmark equilibria, which are subsequently perturbed by shocks, simulating the effects of climate change. We portray the impact of climate change on tourism by means of two sets of shocks, occurring simultaneously. The first shocks translate predicted variations in tourist flows into changes of consumption preferences for domestically produced goods. The second shocks reallocate income across world regions, simulating the effect of higher or lower tourists' expenditure. Our analysis highl…

A general equilibrium analysis of climate change impacts on tourism

2006

This paper studies the economic implications of climate-change-induced variations in tourism demand, using a world CGE model. The model is first re-calibrated at some future years, obtaining hypothetical benchmark equilibria, which are subsequently perturbed by shocks, simulating the effects of climate change. We portray the impact of climate change on tourism by means of two sets of shocks, occurring simultaneously. The first set of shocks translate predicted variations in tourist flows into changes of consumption preferences for domestically produced goods. The second set reallocate income across world regions, simulating the effect of higher or lower tourists' expenditure. Our analysis h…