Search results for "Efficient"

showing 10 items of 1603 documents

Evidence for the Existence of an Effective Interfacial Tension between Miscible Fluids: Isobutyric Acid-Water and 1-Butanol-Water in a Spinning-Drop …

2006

We report definitive evidence for an effective interfacial tension between two types of miscible fluids using spinning-drop tensiometry (SDT). Isobutyric acid (IBA) and water have an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) of 26.3 degrees C. We created a drop of the IBA-rich phase in the water-rich phase below the UCST and then increased the temperature above it. Long after the fluids have reached thermal equilibrium, the drop persists. By plotting the inverse of the drop radius cubed (r(-)(3)) vs the rotation rate squared (omega(2)), we confirmed that an interfacial tension exists and estimated its value. The transition between the miscible fluids remained sharp instead of becoming more…

SURFACE-TENSIONThermodynamicsGRADIENTSInstabilityIsobutyric acidSurface tensionchemistry.chemical_compoundNONEQUILIBRIUM FLUCTUATIONS1-ButanolIsobutyratesGRAVITYUpper critical solution temperatureElectrochemistrySurface TensionGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyThermal equilibriumAqueous solutionDrop (liquid)ButanolDIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTWaterSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsKORTEWEG STRESSESLIGHT-SCATTERINGCAPILLARY TUBESButyrateschemistrySolubilityLIQUID-MIXTURESSYSTEM
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Retention effect of human saliva on aroma release and respective contribution of salivary mucin and alpha-amylase

2014

International audience; As great differences were observed in the amount of alpha-amylase in human saliva, there is a need to better understand the effect of this protein alone or in mixture with mucin on aroma compound partitioning. We report. the respective role of mucin and alpha-amylase on the air/liquid partition coefficients of two series of 5 methylketones and 5 ethyl-esters. We confirm that mucin affects the release of aroma compounds and, for the first time, we demonstrate the ability of alpha-amylase to decrease the release of aroma compounds. For both proteins, we report the involvement of hydrophobic effects. Interestingly, no cumulative effect was observed when both proteins we…

Saliva030309 nutrition & dieteticsEsteraseHydrophobic effect03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyfluids and secretionsstomatognathic systemmucin[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringAroma compoundAmylaseAroma0303 health sciencessalivaair/liquid partition coefficientbiologyMucinalpha-amylase04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classification040401 food sciencePartition coefficientchemistryBiochemistryaromabiology.protein[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionhydrophobic effectFood Science
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Mass and energy flux estimates at different spatial resolutions in a heterogeneous area through a distributed energy-water balance model and remote s…

2012

Computed ET with the FEST-EWB model at high spatial resolution 10 m showed for the three days of analysis a mean relative error of 9.4% compared to AHS data, whereas for land surface temperature comparison a relative error of 1.6% was found. Then, LSTs from AHS and FEST-EWB were aggregated at decreasing spatial resolutions 50, 150, 300, 400, 500, 600, 750, and 1000 m, showing that the thermodynamic variability tends to disappear with a lower number of classes in the histograms and with a decrease of the coefficient of variation CV and of standard deviation values. At each scale, a similar behaviour was reported between each pair of images, with the values of standard deviation starting, res…

Scale (ratio)PixelApproximation errorHistogramCoefficient of variationGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnergy fluxEnvironmental scienceImage resolutionStandard deviationRemote sensing
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Design scaling laws for self-phase modulation-based 2R-regenerators

2006

We report global scaling laws linking the design of SPM-based 2R-regenerators to their ability to reduce amplitude noise and improve the signal extinction ratio.

Scaling lawEngineeringExtinction ratiobusiness.industryfungi02 engineering and technologysocial sciences01 natural sciencesSignalNoise (electronics)humanities010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsSignal-to-noise ratioControl theory0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringDispersion (water waves)Self-phase modulationbusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSEfficient energy use
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Relationship between resolution and accuracy of four intraoral scanners in complete-arch impressions

2018

Background The scanner does not measure the dental surface continually. Instead, it generates a point cloud, and these points are then joined to form the scanned object. This approximation will depend on the number of points generated (resolution), which can lead to low accuracy (trueness and precision) when fewer points are obtained. The purpose of this study is to determine the resolution of four intraoral digital imaging systems and to demonstrate the relationship between accuracy and resolution of the intraoral scanner in impressions of a complete dental arch. Material and methods A master cast of the complete maxillary arch was prepared with different dental preparations. Using four di…

ScannerComputer sciencePoint cloud02 engineering and technology03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineSoftware0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineComputer visionGeneral DentistryProsthetic Dentistrybusiness.industryResearchResolution (electron density)Digital imaging030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Pearson product-moment correlation coefficientImpressionDental archmedicine.anatomical_structureUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASsymbols020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness
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VarySched: A Framework for Variable Scheduling in Heterogeneous Environments

2016

Despite many efforts to better utilize the potential of GPUs and CPUs, it is far from being fully exploited. Although many tasks can be easily sped up by using accelerators, most of the existing schedulers are not flexible enough to really optimize the resource usage of the complete system. The main reasons are (i) that each processing unit requires a specific program code and that this code is often not provided for every task, and (ii) that schedulers may follow the run-until-completion model and, hence, disallow resource changes during runtime. In this paper, we present VarySched, a configurable task scheduler framework tailored to efficiently utilize all available computing resources in…

ScheduleComputer science020204 information systemsDistributed computing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringProcessor scheduling020201 artificial intelligence & image processing02 engineering and technologyEfficient energy useScheduling (computing)2016 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER)
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Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for Wireless Power Transfer Enabled Collaborative Mobile Clouds

2016

In order to fully enjoy high rate broadband multimedia services, prolonging the battery lifetime of user equipment is critical for mobile users, especially for smartphone users. In this paper, the problem of distributing cellular data via a wireless power transfer enabled collaborative mobile cloud (WeCMC) in an energy efficient manner is investigated. WeCMC is formed by a group of users who have both functionalities of information decoding and energy harvesting, and are interested for cooperating in downloading content from the operators. Through device-to-device communications, the users inside WeCMC are able to cooperate during the downloading procedure and offload data from the base sta…

ScheduleenergiatehokkuusComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer sciencewireless power transfer02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyBase station0203 mechanical engineeringresources allocation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringWirelessResource managementElectrical and Electronic Engineeringenergy efficiencyta113collaborative mobile cloudscontent distributionta213business.industryQuality of service020206 networking & telecommunications020302 automobile design & engineeringEnergy consumptionUser equipmentMobile telephonybusinessComputer networkEfficient energy useIEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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Electron Emission of Pt: Experimental Study and Comparison With Models in the Multipactor Energy Range

2016

Experimental data of secondary emission yield (SEY) and electron emission spectra of Pt under electron irradiation for normal incidence and primary energies lower than 1 keV are presented. Several relevant magnitudes, as total SEY, elastic backscattering probability, secondary emission spectrum, and backscattering coefficient, are given for different primary energies. These magnitudes are compared with theoretical or semiempirical formulas commonly used in the related literature.

Secondary electron emissionBackscatterAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCleaningElectronSecondary emission yield (SEY01 natural sciencesElectrostatic measurements010305 fluids & plasmasBackscattering coefficientBackscatterEnergy measurementElectron emission0103 physical sciencesElectron beam effectsTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESElectron beam processingEmission spectrumElectrical and Electronic EngineeringElastic backscattering probabilityElectron emission spectraMultipactor energy rangePlatinum010302 applied physicsRange (particle radiation)ChemistrySecondary emission yield (SEY)Secondary emission spectrum (SES)PtElectron irradiationCurrent measurementElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsElectron backscatteringSecondary emission yieldSecondary emissionYield (chemistry)Backscattered electronsDistortion measurementAtomic physicsEnergy (signal processing)Multipactor
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Long-term erosional responses after fire in the Central Spanish Pyrenees

2005

Abstract This paper reports the results of a study on how fire effects water and sediment losses in the Central Spanish Pyrenees where land abandonment results in an increase of the scrubland and fire-affected surfaces. In 1991, two plots (control and burnt) were installed to collect runoff, suspended sediments and solutes. One of the plots was burnt (burnt-1) and the other was covered by shrubs and herbs (control). During 1993, another burnt plot was installed (burnt-2). Data was collected from the three plots until 1999 and is used as the basis for assessing the soil erosion changes after the fire. Runoff, solute and suspended sediment concentration and erosion rates were slightly greater…

Sediment yieldHydrologygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorySedimentErosion rateSediment concentrationShrublandRunoff coefficientErosionEnvironmental scienceSurgeSurface runoffGeologyEarth-Surface ProcessesCATENA
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Hidden Markov Random Fields and Direct Search Methods for Medical Image Segmentation

2016

The goal of image segmentation is to simplify the representation of an image to items meaningful and easier to analyze. Medical image segmentation is one of the fundamental problems in image processing field. It aims to provide a crucial decision support to physicians. There is no one way to perform the segmentation. There are several methods based on HMRF. Hidden Markov Random Fields (HMRF) constitute an elegant way to model the problem of segmentation. This modelling leads to the minimization of an energy function. In this paper we investigate direct search methods that are Nelder-Mead and Torczon methods to solve this optimization problem. The quality of segmentation is evaluated on grou…

Segmentation-based object categorizationbusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-space segmentationImage processing02 engineering and technologyImage segmentationMachine learningcomputer.software_genreSørensen–Dice coefficient0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingSegmentationArtificial intelligenceHidden Markov random fieldHidden Markov modelbusinesscomputerMathematicsProceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods
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