Search results for "Eggshell"

Can phthalates move into the eggs of the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta? The case of the nests on the Linosa Island in the Mediterranean Sea

2021

During the monitoring of Caretta caretta nests on the island of Linosa, 30 unhatched eggs from four nests were collected to study the presence of phthalates in their three components (shell, yolk, and albumen). Four phthalates, namely diethyl (DEP), dibutyl (DBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) (DEHP), and dioctyl (DOTP) phthalic acid esters (PAE), which are widely used as additives in plastics, were detected in all egg components. The most frequently found phthalate was DBP, followed by DEHP in eggshell and yolk. Dimethyl- (DMP) and butylbenzyl-phthalate (BBP) were below the limits of detection for all samples. The high total phthalate recorded in the yolk suggests that contamination could arise by vit…

Description of embryonic development and ultrastructure in miracidia ofCardiocephaloides longicollis(Digenea, Strigeidae) in relation to active host …

2017

The functional ultrastructure and embryonic development of miracidia in naturally released eggs of the trematode Cardiocephaloides longicollis were studied using light and transmission electron microscopy. This species has operculated eggs and embryogenesis occurs in the marine environment before an actively infecting ciliated miracidium hatches. Six different developmental stages were identified. The lack of pores in the eggshell indicates its impermeability and the miracidium's dependency on glycogen nutritive reserves, contained in numerous vitellocytes in early embryos. As the development advances, these merge into larger vitelline vacuoles that encircle the miracidium and may aid its h…

Histologic and histomorphometric assessment of eggshell-derived bone graft substitutes on bone healing in rats

2013

Objective: The objective of this study was to histologically and histomorphometrically evaluate the efficacy of the new formulations of eggshell-derived calcium carbonate in rats. Study Design: The study was conducted on 30 adult male rats. Four standardized and circular intrabony defects were created in the both maxilla and mandibula of each animal. Three different graft materials were prepared as follows: 1) Material A: Eggshell-derived calcium carbonate combined with carrageenan gel, 2) Material B: Eggshell-derived calcium carbonate combined with xanthan gum gel, and 3) Material C: Eggshell-derived calcium carbonate powder. The right mandibular defect sites were grafted with Material A i…

2015

The eggshell is an important physiological structure for the embryo. It enables gas exchange, physical protection and is a calcium reserve. Most squamates (lizards, snakes, worm lizards) lay parchment-shelled eggs, whereas only some gekkotan species, a subgroup of lizards, have strongly calcified eggshells. In viviparous (live-bearing) squamates the eggshell is reduced or completely missing (hereafter “shell-less”). Recent studies showed that life-history strategies of gekkotan species differ between species with parchment- and rigid-shelled eggshells. Here we test if the three different eggshell types found in the squamates are also associated with different life-history strategies. We fir…

Assessment of Salmonella spp. in feces, cloacal swabs, and eggs (eggshell and content separately) from a laying hen farm.

2011

Microbial pathogens of the genus Salmonella are among the leading causes of foodborne illness in the world. The present study was done on a laying hen farm with a Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis-positive result according to the testing specified by European regulation 2160/2003. The aim of this study was to compare the Salmonella contamination on a laying hen farm with the Salmonella presence in the hen eggs. The strains were isolated by ISO method 6579:2002 (standard method for the detection of Salmonella spp. in the European regulation for food and animal feeding stuffs, animal feces, and environmental samples from the primary production stage, including poultry farms) and were co…

Use of The Eggshells in Removing Heavy Metals from Waste Water - The Process Kinetics and Efficiency

2019

Abstract Studies of the efficiency of Ni, Cu and Cd cations removal from water solutions were carried out, with the use of clay limestone, hen eggshells from eggs for consumption and hen eggshells after hatching, which main element is calcium carbonate. Hen eggshells are a waste product, which can be used as a substitute of clay limestone in removing heavy metals from wet flue gas desulphurisation installation. Mixed solutions of Ni, Cu and Cd were used in the research, with the composition similar to the waste water from wet flue gas desulphurisation installation: Ni (0.009-0.053 mmol/dm3), Cu (0.008-0.057 mmol/dm3) and Cd (0.003-0.008 mmol/dm3). The metals were determined by flame atomic …

Effect of Breed and Diet Type on the Freshness and Quality of the Eggs: A Comparison between Mos (Indigenous Galician Breed) and Isa Brown Hens

2020

Eggs are a nutritious food, offering a balanced source of essential amino and fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins. Genetic and diet factors can modify hen egg traits. Thus, the effects of breed and feed on egg quality using two laying hens, Mos (autochthonous breed) and Isa Brown (commercial hybrid), and three feeds, commercial fodder (CF), corn/pea/triticale (CPT) and corn/wheat (CW), were investigated. Freshness parameters (egg weight, eggshell weight and thickness, albumen height, Haugh units and yolk color), chemical composition, color and textural parameters, as well as fatty acid profile, were assessed on a total of 288 eggs, from the two breeds. The samples were divided in 96 eggs, c…

Empirical calibration of the clumped isotope paleothermometer using calcites of various origins

2014

We present the first universal calibration of the clumped isotope thermometer for calcites of various mineralizing types. These are an eggshell of an ostrich, a tropical bivalve, a brachiopod shell, cold seep carbonate, and three foraminifera samples that grew between 9 and 38 C. CaCO3 was digested at 90 C using a common acid bath. Considering a difference in phosphoric acid fractionation factors between reaction at 25 and 90 C of 0.069& (Guo et al., 2009), the function between growth temperature T and the excess of 13 C– 18 O bonds in the evolved CO2 is expressed by a linear regression between 1/T 2 and absolute D47 (R 2 = 0.9915):

Strong stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate emulsion by ovalbumin: gaining insight into the mechanism of 'polymer-induced liquid precursor' p…

2011

8 pages; International audience; The impact of the ovo proteins ovalbumin and lysozyme-present in the first stage of egg shell formation-on the homogeneous formation of the liquid amorphous calcium carbonate (LACC) precursor, was studied by a combination of complementing methods: in situ WAXS, SANS, XANES, TEM, and immunogold labeling. Lysozyme (pI = 9.3) destabilizes the LACC emulsion whereas the glycoprotein ovalbumin (pI = 4.7) extends the lifespan of the emulsified state remarkably. In the light of the presented data: (a) Ovalbumin is shown to behave commensurable to the 'polymer-induced liquid precursor' (PILP) process proposed by Gower et al. Ovalbumin can be assumed to take a key rol…

Isotopic ordering in eggshells reflects body temperatures and suggests differing thermophysiology in two Cretaceous dinosaurs

2015

International audience; Our understanding of the evolutionary transitions leading to the modern endothermic state of birds and mammals is incomplete, partly because tools available to study the thermo-physiology of extinct vertebrates are limited. Here we show that clumped isotope analysis of eggshells can be used to determine body temperatures of females during periods of ovulation. Late Cretaceous titanosaurid eggshells yield temperatures similar to large modern endo-therms. In contrast, oviraptorid eggshells yield temperatures lower than most modern endotherms but B6 °C higher than co-occurring abiogenic carbonates, implying that this taxon did not have thermoregulation comparable to mod…