Search results for "Elastic"

showing 10 items of 2162 documents

The spin structure of the nucleon

2005

An introduction to deep inelastic scattering experiments investigating the spin structure of the proton and the neutron is given. Discussed are measurements with longitudinally polarized targets to determine the spin structure functiong 1 and sum rules and to do pQCD analyses with inclusive data, while a flavour separation and first extractions of the gluon polarization are performed with semi-inclusive data.

PhysicsParticle physicsSpin polarizationDynamic structure factorNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomySpin structureInelastic scatteringDeep inelastic scatteringGluonNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutronNuclear ExperimentNucleonCzechoslovak Journal of Physics
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Dispersive Evaluation of the Inner Radiative Correction in Neutron and Nuclear $\beta$-decay

2019

We propose a novel dispersive treatment of the so-called inner radiative correction to the neutron and nuclear $\beta$-decay. We show that it requires knowledge of the parity-violating structure function $F_3^{(0)}$ that arises from the interference of the axial vector charged current and the isoscalar part of the electromagnetic current. By isospin symmetry, we relate this structure function to the charged current inelastic scattering of neutrinos and antineutrinos. Applying this new data-driven analysis we obtain a new, more precise evaluation for the universal radiative correction $\Delta_{R}^{V,\,new}=0.02467(22)$ that supersedes the previous estimate by Marciano and Sirlin, $\Delta_R^V…

PhysicsParticle physicsUnitarityNuclear TheoryIsoscalarHadronNuclear TheoryNuclear structureInelastic scatteringHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyIsospinNeutronNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentSpin-½
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nPDF constraints from the large hadron electron collider

2016

An updated analysis regarding the expected nuclear PDF constraints from the future Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) experiment is presented. The new study is based on a more flexible small-$x$ parametrization which provides less biased uncertainty estimates in the region where there are currently no data constraints. The effect of the LHeC is quantified by directly including a sample of pseudodata according to the expected precision of this planned experiment. As a result, a significant reduction of the small-$x$ uncertainties in sea quarks and gluons is observed.

PhysicsParticle physicsparton distribution functions05 social sciencesHadronnuclear collisionsFOS: Physical sciences020207 software engineering02 engineering and technologyElectronDeep inelastic scatteringlaw.inventionNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)lawQuark–gluon plasma0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesColliderParametrization050107 human factorsProceedings of XXIV International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects — PoS(DIS2016)
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Fractional Tajimi–Kanai model for simulating earthquake ground motion

2014

The ground acceleration is usually modeled as a filtered Gaussian process. The most common model is a Tajimi–Kanai (TK) filter that is a viscoelastic Kelvin–Voigt unit (a spring in parallel with a dashpot) carrying a mass excited by a white noise (acceleration at the bedrock). Based upon the observation that every real material exhibits a power law trend in the creep test, in this paper it is proposed the substitution of the purely viscous element in the Kelvin Voigt element with the so called springpot that is an element having an intermediate behavior between purely elastic (spring) and purely viscous (dashpot) behavior ruled by fractional operator. With this choice two main goals are rea…

PhysicsPeak ground accelerationGround motionBuilding and ConstructionWhite noiseMechanicsGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyFree fieldViscoelasticityDashpotsymbols.namesakeAccelerationGeophysicsSpring (device)Fractional viscoelasticitysymbolsTajimi–Kanai filterGaussian processCivil and Structural Engineering
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Elastic moduli, dislocation core energy and melting of hard disks in two dimensions

2000

Elastic moduli and dislocation core energy of the triangular solid of hard disks of diameter $\sigma$ are obtained in the limit of vanishing dislocation- antidislocation pair density, from Monte Carlo simulations which incorporates a constraint, namely that all moves altering the local connectivity away from that of the ideal triangular lattice are rejected. In this limit, we show that the solid is stable against all other fluctuations at least upto densities as low as $\rho \sigma^2 = 0.88$. Our system does not show any phase transition so diverging correlation lengths leading to finite size effects and slow relaxations do not exist. The dislocation pair formation probability is estimated …

PhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesHexagonal latticeFugacityLimit (mathematics)DislocationHexatic phaseElastic modulusCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Magnetic field and temperature dependent correlations in the singlet ground state system CsFeBr3

1992

Abstract In the singlet ground state system CsFeBr 3 the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the magnetic dispersion curves have been measured by inelastic neutron scattering. At a field of 4.1 T magnetic Bragg peaks appear at (⅓ ⅓ 1) and (⅔ ⅔ 1). The correlation lengths were derived from the experimental data by integrating the constant Q -scans over the energy transfer. The Q -dependence was fitted to Lorentzians and correlations lengths were extracted for different directions in the lattice. These correlation lengths decrease with increasing temperature and increase with increasing field. Above the phase transition the correlation lengths decrease again.

PhysicsPhase transitionSinglet ground stateCondensed matter physicsLattice (order)Energy transferCondensed Matter PhysicsInelastic neutron scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Magnetic excitations and phase transition of CsFeBr3 in an external magnetic field

1990

In CSFeBr3 the Fe2+ ion with effective spin one has locally a singlet ground state (m=0). The antiferromagnetic interactions between neighbouring Fe-ions are too weak as compared with the anisotropy constant to introduce long range order in the absence of an external field. By inelastic neutron scattering we studied the magnetic excitations in an external magnetic field up to 5 Tesla applied along thec-axis. A linear Zeeman splitting was observed with a Lande factorg=2.4. The field renormalizes the dispersion curves in such a way that the exchange interaction has decreasing influence with increasing field. Theoretical calculations according to the excitonic model of Lindgard describe the ex…

PhysicsPhase transitionZeeman effectCondensed matter physicsField (physics)Critical phenomenaNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsInelastic neutron scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakesymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceSpin-½Zeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter
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Mapping acoustical activity in 3D chiral mechanical metamaterials onto micropolar continuum elasticity

2020

Abstract We compare the phonon band structures and chiral phonon eigenmodes of a recently experimentally realized three-dimensional (3D) cubic chiral metamaterial architecture to results from linear micropolar elasticity, an established generalization of classical linear Cauchy elasticity. We achieve very good qualitative agreement concerning the anisotropies of the eigenfrequencies, the anisotropies of the eigenmode properties of the acoustic branches, as well as with respect to the observed pronounced sample-size dependence of acoustical activity and of the static push-to-twist conversion effects. The size dependence of certain properties, that is, the loss of scale invariance, is a finge…

PhysicsPhononMechanical EngineeringMetamaterialCauchy distribution02 engineering and technologyAcoustic waveScale invariance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasClassical mechanicsMechanics of MaterialsNormal mode0103 physical sciencesElasticity (economics)0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyJournal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids
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A single hologram technique for the determination of absolute retardations in holographic photoelasticity

1975

A method for the determination of the absolute retardations families in photoelasticity. The method, which use real-time holographic interferometry, requires only one hologram for the observation of the absolute retardations over the whole model. This is achieved by viewing in the reconstruction process the loaded model through a polarizer. Where the polarization direction is parallel to one of the principal stresses, only the corresponding family of absolute retardations is observed. As an example of application the absolute retardations and stresses in a deep beam centrally loaded are determined.

PhysicsPhotoelasticitybusiness.industryHolographyOptical polarizationPolarizerPolarization (waves)Holographic interferometrylaw.inventionOpticslawDeep beambusinessCircular polarizationJournal of Strain Analysis
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The influence of the quarter wave plates in automated photoelasticity

2002

During the last decades, several methods have been proposed to automate photoelastic analyses. Some procedures are based on the circularly polarised light by using quarter wave plates. However, quarter wave plates are typically matched for a specific wavelength, and an error is introduced at different wavelengths. The error of quarter wave plates affects the measurement of isochromatic and isoclinic data. In this paper, the influence of the errors of quarter wave plates in some of the most common automated photoelastic methods is reviewed. The errors in the photoelastic data are given and the procedures to reduce, or eliminate, them are also suggested.

PhysicsPhotoelasticitybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringWaveplateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeWavelengthDigital imageFourier transformOpticsData acquisitionsymbolsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessCircular polarizationQuarter (Canadian coin)
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