Search results for "Elasticity"

showing 10 items of 736 documents

Trade Associations: Why Not Cartels?

2021

First published: 30 September 2020 The relevance of special interests lobbying in modern democracies can hardly be questioned. But if large trade associations can overcome the free riding problem and form effective lobbies, why do they not also threaten market competition by forming equally effective cartels? We argue that the key to understanding the difference lies in supply elasticity. The group discipline which works in the case of lobbying can be effective in sustaining a cartel only if increasing output is sufficiently costly ‐ otherwise the incentive to deviate is too great. The theory helps organizing a number of stylized facts within a common framework. This article has been accept…

Economics and EconometricsStylized fact05 social sciencesCartelPrice elasticity of supplyCartelCompetition AuthorityCommon frameworkFree ridingCartels Labor Unions Lobbying Monitoring Costs Self-organizing Groups Special InterestsMarket economyIncentiveIf and only ifFirm0502 economics and businessEconomicsRelevance (law)050207 economicsSettore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica050205 econometrics
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How does fiscal policy react to wealth composition and asset prices?

2012

Prova tipográfica

Economics and Econometricsfiscal policy wealth composition asset pricesNorth-South technology transferSocial SciencesMonetary economicsFiscalpolicy0502 economics and businessEconomics050207 economicsStock (geology)Trade unions050208 financeMinimum wagesfiscal policy wealth composition asset prices.05 social sciencesWelth composition1. No povertySettore SECS-P/02 Politica EconomicaRegression analysisjel:E52jel:E37Asset pricesFiscal policyFiscal balanceWealth elasticity of demandMultinationals8. Economic growthWealth compositionNational wealthFinancial distressFiscal policy
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Vibrations of a continuous web on elastic supports

2017

We consider an infinite, homogenous linearly elastic beam resting on a system of linearly elastic supports, as an idealized model for a paper web in the middle of a cylinder-based dryer section. We obtain closed-form analytical expressions for the eigenfrequencies and the eigenmodes. The frequencies increase as the support rigidity is increased. Each frequency is bounded from above by the solution with absolutely rigid supports, and from below by the solution in the limit of vanishing support rigidity. Thus in a real system, the natural frequencies will be lower than predicted by commonly used models with rigid supports. peerReviewed

Elastic beamGeneral MathematicsAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringRigidity (psychology)02 engineering and technologySection (fiber bundle)0203 mechanical engineeringCylinderLimit (mathematics)viscoelasticityCivil and Structural EngineeringPhysicsta214Analytical expressionsMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysista111021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsstructural dynamicstärinäVibration020303 mechanical engineering & transportsClassical mechanicsMechanics of MaterialsBounded functionAutomotive Engineeringelasticitydynamics of machinesvibration0210 nano-technologyMechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines
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Reliable measures of plastic deformations for elastic plastic structures in shakedown conditions

2020

A new formulation for evaluating reliable measures of the plastic deformations occurring in the transient phase of a structure in shakedown conditions is proposed. The structure is thought as constituted by elastic perfectly plastic material and subjected to a combination of fixed and cyclic loads. The proposed formulation consists in the search for the optimal plastic strain field that minimize a suitable objective function defining a strain energy measure related to the plastic strains at the shakedown limit. The typical self-stress field can be obtained as the elastic structural response to an assigned plastic strain field respecting appropriate ductility limits for the material. Without…

Elastic plastic structures Elastic shakedown Plastic deformations Self-stress fields Transient phasebusiness.industryLinear elasticityStructural engineeringPlasticityStrain energyShakedownCross section (physics)Bending momentLimit (mathematics)DuctilitybusinessSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniMathematics
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Molecular origin and hydration dependence of protein anharmonicity: an elastic neutron scattering study.

2010

Two main onsets of anharmonicity are present in protein dynamics. Neutron scattering on protein hydrated powders revealed a first onset at about 150 K and a second one at about 230 K (the so called dynamical transition). In order to assess the molecular origin of protein anharmonicity, we study different homomeric polypeptides by incoherent elastic neutron scattering, thus disentangling the contribution of different molecular groups in proteins. We show that methyl group rotations are the main contributors to the low temperature onset. Concerning the dynamical transition, we show that it also occurs in absence of side chains; however, the presence and mobility of side chains substantially i…

Elastic scatteringQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculespolypeptideTransition temperatureProtein dynamicsAnharmonicitymean square displacementsTemperatureGeneral Physics and AstronomyProteinsWaterNeutron scatteringElasticitychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyNeutron DiffractionAmplitudechemistryChemical physicsprotein dynamicSide chainPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPeptidesMethyl groupPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Isotropic p-harmonic systems in 2D Jacobian estimates and univalent solutions

2016

The core result of this paper is an inequality (rather tricky) for the Jacobian determinant of solutions of nonlinear elliptic systems in the plane. The model case is the isotropic (rotationally invariant) p-harmonic system ...

Elliptic systemsGeneral MathematicsJacobian determinants010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisIsotropyta111nonlinear systems of PDEsenergy-minimal deformationsDirichlet's energyp-harmonic mappingsInvariant (physics)01 natural sciencesvariational integrals010101 applied mathematicsNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeJacobian matrix and determinantsymbolsUniqueness0101 mathematicsNonlinear elasticityMathematicsRevista Matemática Iberoamericana
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Radiating and non-radiating sources in elasticity

2018

In this work, we study the inverse source problem of a fixed frequency for the Navier's equation. We investigate that nonradiating external forces. If the support of such a force has a convex or non-convex corner or edge on their boundary, the force must be vanishing there. The vanishing property at corners and edges holds also for sufficiently smooth transmission eigenfunctions in elasticity. The idea originates from the enclosure method: The energy identity and new type exponential solutions for the Navier's equation.

Enclosure010103 numerical & computational mathematicsNavier equation01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatTheoretical Computer ScienceMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematical PhysicsPhysicselastic wavesApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisRegular polygonElasticity (physics)EigenfunctionComputer Science ApplicationsExponential function010101 applied mathematicsInverse source probleminverse source problemsSignal Processingexponential solutions transmission eigenfunctionsFixed frequencyAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Viscoelastic bearings with fractional constitutive law for fractional tuned mass dampers

2015

Abstract The paper aims at studying the effects of the inherent fractional constitutive law of viscoelastic bearings used as devices for tuned mass dampers. First, the proper constitutive law of the viscoelastic supports is determined by the local constitutive law. Then, the characteristic force–displacement relationship at the top of the bearing is found. Taking advantage of the whole bearing constitutive laws, the tuning of the mass damper is proposed by defining the damped fractional frequency, which is analogous to the classical damped frequency. The effectiveness of the optimal tuning procedure is validated by a numerical application on a system subjected to a Gaussian white noise.

EngineeringBearing (mechanical)Acoustics and Ultrasonicsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringConstitutive equationWhite noiseStructural engineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsViscoelasticitylaw.inventionMechanics of MaterialslawTuned mass damperbusinessOptimal tuningJournal of Sound and Vibration
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Partial Elastic Scheme Method in Cantilever Construction of Concrete Arch Bridges

2013

AbstractIn this paper, a study about stay stressing procedures of concrete arch bridges built by cantilevering with temporary stays is presented. Particularly, the partial elastic scheme method is proposed to find the initial cable forces, and a forward procedure is implemented to follow the actual sequence of construction by extending a procedure already applied to concrete cable–stayed bridges. The theoretical treatment is followed by a numerical application on a case study of a concrete arch bridge, and a comparison between initial cable forces found by the partial elastic scheme method and classical backward analysis is presented here. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed proc…

EngineeringCantileverbusiness.industryCantilever constructionStaysBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringLimitingArch bridgeArch bridge; Partial elastic scheme; Cantilever construction; Stays; Forward analysisArch bridgeSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniPartial elastic schemeBending momentStayArchElasticity (economics)businessForward analysisCivil and Structural Engineering
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Dynamic characterization for the dielectric electroactive polymer fundamental sheet

2012

Published version of an article published in the journal: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4423-6 A study into the appropriateness of characterizing the dynamics of the dielectric electroactive polymer (DEAP) fundamental sheet has been performed. Whereby a model describing the dynamics of the DEAP fundamental sheet is developed, parameters of the models are determined using experimental/simulation results, and verification has been conducted to determine the precision of the dynamic model. The precision for the DEAP sheet-obtained dynamic model could not be verified unless some parameters c…

EngineeringDEAPMechanical engineeringFixtureIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringViscoelasticityworking principlesDEAPElectroactive polymerscharacterizationdynamic rangetesting rigDynamic rangebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringmodelingNatural frequencydynamic analysissimulationComputer Science ApplicationsControllabilityControl and Systems EngineeringVDP::Technology: 500::Materials science and engineering: 520::Polymer and plastics: 523Material propertiesbusinessSoftwareThe International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
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