Search results for "Electric vehicle"

Design of a Battery/Ultracapacitor Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicle Applications

2018

The battery/ultracapacitors (UCs) integration is able to provide notable advantages in the power management of an electric vehicle (EV), in terms of capability of both high energy storage and readiness to deal with fast load variations. In order to manage the charge (or discharge) of the UCs from (or towards) a DC voltage bus, a proper bi-directional converter is required. In this paper, a bi-directional DC-DC converter in connection with a stack of UCs is described and some power simulation results are provided. The proposed converter is a B2R (buck-boost regulator) type. The load is represented by a 40kW peak power, kept for a time window of 3s, as required by the Worldwide harmonized Lig…

Ev charging station at university campus

2017

This paper faces the technical and economic challenges related to the design of a green recharge area for electric vehicles at the Campus of Palermo, Italy, with the aim of reduce both costs and pollution connected to the charging process. Based on the behaviour of the student population, the electrical load is identified and two possible solutions are evaluated to manage the peak load: an orientation of the panels increasing the power at defined time and the use of a storage system. The main strength and weakness points of two systems are investigated by taking into account the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), which reaches 75.3 €/MWh for the orientation of panel and 103 €/MWh for stor…

Split-Way CVTs: Parametric Analysis and Design

The thesis provides a parametric analytical method for the analysis and design of power-split continuously variable transmissions, which represent the state of the art for heavy-duty vehicles and hybrid electric cars. The functioning of any driveline is described by mean of a simple set of kinematic parameters, regardless of the constructive scheme. The calculation of the control torques remains straightforward even when both inertial effects and mechanical losses are taken into account. A simple design procedure is described and generalized in order to address any order of driveline, including multimode transmissions. The final layout is generated additively, without the need to analyze hu…

Global Efficiency of Power-Split Hybrid Electric Powertrain

2021

The development of a proper energy management strategy in hybrid electric vehicles is crucial to pursue the best balance between emissions reduction and performance. In this respect, this paper addresses a straightforward method to investigate the behaviour of the hybrid powertrain in steady-state operation in terms of speeds and torques both of the thermal engine and the electric machines. The procedure takes into account the conversion power losses in the internal combustion engine and the electric unit and the mechanical power losses occurring in the power-split transmission. This enables the calculation of a set of maps describing the global efficiency of the hybrid powertrain and the p…

EV-planning: Electric vehicle itinerary planning

2014

International audience; In the latest few years, lot of efforts have been done to pave the way to sustainable mobility, in order to solve pollution problems and fuel shortage. The use of electric vehicles (EV) is considered as one of the best ecologic and economic solution. However, autonomy barriers and limitations slow the progress and the deployment of this technology. In this paper, we propose an advanced electric vehicles' fleet management architecture. This architecture considers the most important factors that can affect the traveling mode of electric vehicles, in order to offer different services to fleet management companies for an efficient monitoring and management of their fleet…

Realistic Steady State Performance of an Electric Turbo-Compound Engine for Hybrid Propulsion System

2022

The efficiency of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) may be substantially increased if the unexpanded exhaust gas energy is efficiently recovered and employed for vehicle propulsion. This can be accomplished employing a properly designed exhaust gas turbine connected to a suitable generator whose output electric energy is stored in the vehicle storage system; a new hybrid propulsion system is hence delineated, where the power delivered by the main engine is combined to the power produced by the exhaust gas turbogenerator: previous studies, carried out under some simplifying assumptions, showed potential vehicle efficiency increments up to 15% with respect to a traditional turbocharged engine. …

Second life employment of a traction battery for load match optimisation of a residential building: Life cycle and operation applications

The increasing use of renewable energy technologies for the electricity generation in buildings will require a growing number of energy storage systems (ESSs) in the next years in order to reduce the mismatch between the highly variable on-site electricity generation and the building load. Retired electric vehicle batteries (EVBs), before recycling, can be used for this purpose, considering that they have about 80% of the original energy capacity. In this context, the study aims at examining an ESS made by retired EVBs, in order to identify its optimal size for reducing the mismatch in a net zero energy building equipped with a photovoltaic plant and to assess the life cycle energy and envi…

Sustainability Assessment of Second Life Application of Automotive Batteries (SASLAB) - JRC Exploratory Research (2016-2017) Final technical report A…

2018

The fast increase of the electrified vehicles market will translate into an increase of waste batteries after their use in electrified vehicles (xEV). Once collected, batteries are usually recycled; however, their residual capacity (typically varying between 70% and 80% of the initial capacity) could be used in other applications before recycling. The interest in this topic of repurposing xEV batteries is currently high, as can be proven by numerous industrial initiatives by various types of stakeholders along the value chain of xEV batteries and by policy activities related to waste xEV batteries. SASLAB (Sustainability Assessment of Second Life Application of Automotive Batteries), an exp…

Reuse of electric vehicle batteries in a residential stationary application: an integrated load match analysis and life cycle assessment approach

On the strategies for the diffusion of EVs: Comparison between Norway and Italy

2017

The aim of this work is to estimate e-mobility trends, which are crucial for understanding the market and the infrastructure expansion over the next years and debate which are the persuasive policies to improve the diffusion. At the present time between the numerous and diverse standards and rules there are two charging types for electric vehicles: high power DC and AC charging modes. It will be stimulating to understand which technology will overcome in the following few years and if the charging mode option on a given electric vehicle (EV) affects its sales results. This paper addresses the existing e-mobility scenario in Norway and Italy, in particular evaluating: EV technical and commer…