Search results for "Electricity"
showing 10 items of 1225 documents
Optimal pricing strategies in real-time electricity pricing environments: An Italian case study
2015
The energy market has changed radically over the last decade, mainly due to an increased penetration of renewable energies. Now the end users have directly access to the energy market and can actively take part to the electricity market. Electricity customers can indeed modify their behavior through Demand Response (DR), namely by means of pricing strategies that support a change in the end-users habits. This can be accomplished through a 'loads aggregator', a third party that collects the requests and signals for Active Demand-based services coming from the markets and the different power system participants. This paper describes a new framework able to optimally select the real-time prici…
Empirical BAC factors method application to two real case studies in South Italy
2021
Abstract The application of Building Automation and Control (BAC) systems has many advantages. One of these is the reduction of the end-user electricity consumption and, if applied to lighting systems, the achievement of well-acknowledged benefits from daylight, such as productivity, health, visual comfort and well-being. Concerning the first aspect, the international Standard EN 15232 proposes the so-called BAC Factors (BF) method to assess the impact of BAC systems on the final energy consumption. The method provides a simplified estimation of the energy savings due to automation in buildings and questions arise on its applicability in some situations. For this reason, the authors have ca…
An algorithm for simulating end-user behaviour in a real time pricing market
2015
The energy market has changed radically over the last decade, mainly due to an increased penetration of renewable energies. Now the end users have directly access to the energy market and can actively take part to the electricity market. Electricity customers can indeed modify their behavior through Demand Response, namely by means of pricing strategies that support a change in the end-users habits. This can be accomplished through a 'loads aggregator', a third party that collects the requests and signals for Active Demand-based services coming from the markets and the different actors of energy market. This paper describes a simulation framework to generate the simulated optimal behavior o…
Technical and economical assessment of distributed electrochemical storages for load shifting applications: An Italian case study
2016
Time-of-use (TOU) energy cost management involves the use of energy storage systems (ESSs) by customers to reduce their electricity bills. The ESS is charged during off-peak time periods, when electricity energy prices are low, and discharged during times when on-peak energy prices are applied. This article addresses the question whether it is economically viable to install medium-scale distributed ESSs designed to lower the electricity cost for a customer-side application, assuming flexible electricity tariffs. The technical/economical evaluation is carried out referring to lithium-ion (Li-ion), sodium sulfur (NaS) and vanadium redox battery (VRB) technologies, performing a parametric anal…
A frequency-output fiber optic voltage sensor with temperature compensation for power systems
2003
Abstract We present a frequency-output fiber optic voltage sensor for power systems with temperature compensated response. The sensor employs PZT-type ceramic tubes, which are interrogated by a length of single-mode fiber coiled onto the tubes and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The combination of piezoelectric tubes with properties exhibiting opposite behavior to temperature changes is successfully exploited to passively compensate the temperature sensitivity of the sensor. The prototype reported here exhibits a resolution of 13 mV rms and the deviations of the sensor’s response due to temperature changes are within 1% over the temperature range between −30 and 70 °C. The device presented h…
Plasmonics co-integrated with silicon nitride photonics for high-sensitivity interferometric biosensing
2019
We demonstrate a photonic integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometric sensor, utilizing a plasmonic stripe waveguide in the sensing branch and a photonic variable optical attenuator and a phase shifter in the reference arm to optimize the interferometer operation. The plasmonic sensor is used to detect changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium exploiting the accumulated phase change of the propagating Surface-Plasmon-Polariton (SPP) mode that is fully exposed in an aqueous buffer solution. The variable optical attenuation stage is incorporated in the reference Si3N4 branch, as the means to counter-balance the optical losses introduced by the plasmonic branch and optimize interfe…
Optimal Design of Piezoelectric Cantilevered Actuators for Charge-Based Self-Sensing Applications
2019
Charge-based Self-Sensing Actuation (SSA) is a cost and space-saving method for accurate piezoelectric based-actuator positioning. However, the performance of its implementation resides in the choice of its geometry and the properties of the constituent materials. This paper intends to analyze the charge-based SSA&rsquo
Multiobjective design of distributed reactive power production in a deregulated electric market
2005
Abstract Reactive flows compensation optimal design for losses reduction in MV automated distribution systems is a problem deeply studied in literature. In this paper, the design problem is formulated considering the new deregulated energy market. These new operational conditions allow the MV grid operator to consider the generation of reactive energy also as a service that can be sold to the transmission system above. In this case, the transmission system would be helped in all the working conditions in which a strong modulation of the reactive flow through the HV/MV node is required. Then, for the MV grid operator, the compensation system optimal design problem is therefore that of the se…
Energy Management Systems and tertiary regulation in hierarchical control architectures for islanded microgrids
2015
In this paper, the structure of the highest level of a hierarchical control architecture for micro-grids is proposed. Such structure includes two sub-levels: the Energy Management System, EMS, and the tertiary regulation. The first devoted to energy resources allocation in each time slot based on marginal production costs, the latter aiming at finding the match between production and consumption satisfying the constraints set by the EMS level about the energy production in each time slot. Neglecting the efficiency of the different energy generation systems as well as that of the infrastructure for electrical energy distribution, the problem dealt with by the EMS sub-level is linear and can …
Multi-party metering: An architecture for privacy-preserving profiling schemes
2013
Several privacy concerns about the massive deploy- ment of smart meters have been arisen recently. Namely, it has been shown that the fine-grained temporal traces generated by these meters can be correlated with different users behaviors. A new architecture, called multi-party metering, for enabling privacy-preserving analysis of high-frequency metering data without requiring additional complexity at the smart meter side is here proposed. The idea is to allow multiple entities to get a share of the high-frequency metering data rather than the real data, where this share does not reveal any information about the real data. By aggregating the shares provided by different users and publishing …