Search results for "Electricity"
showing 10 items of 1225 documents
On the Reliability of Optimization Results for Trigeneration Systems in Buildings, in the Presence of Price Uncertainties and Erroneous Load Estimati…
2016
Cogeneration and trigeneration plants are widely recognized as promising technologies for increasing energy efficiency in buildings. However, their overall potential is scarcely exploited, due to the difficulties in achieving economic viability and the risk of investment related to uncertainties in future energy loads and prices. Several stochastic optimization models have been proposed in the literature to account for uncertainties, but these instruments share in a common reliance on user-defined probability functions for each stochastic parameter. Being such functions hard to predict, in this paper an analysis of the influence of erroneous estimation of the uncertain energy loads and pric…
Multi-Objective Optimization of Urban Microgrid Energy Supply According to Economic and Environmental Criteria
2019
This study is focused on the optimization of the annual cost and greenhouse impact related to the supply of natural gas and electricity of an urban microgrid through the installation of components as renewable energy sources, energy storage units and converters. As input parameters of the optimization model, the energy demand of a medium density urban district was estimated, while average costs and emissions of equipment were collected in market reports and literature. The outputs of the model are the optimal size and the schedule of each component. Moreover, optimization analysis was carried out for two different scenarios, comparing Italian and Vietnamese energy system cost and environmen…
Carotenoid Profile Modification during Refrigerated Storage in Untreated and Pasteurized Orange Juice and Orange Juice Treated with High-Intensity Pu…
2006
A comparative study was made of the evolution and modification of various carotenoids and vitamin A in untreated orange juice, pasteurized orange juice (90 degrees C, 20 s), and orange juice processed with high-intensity pulsed electric fields (HIPEF) (30 kV/cm, 100 micros), during 7 weeks of storage at 2 and 10 degrees C. The concentration of total carotenoids in the untreated juice decreased by 12.6% when the juice was pasteurized, whereas the decrease was only 6.7% when the juice was treated with HIPEF. Vitamin A was greatest in the untreated orange juice, followed by orange juice treated with HIPEF (decrease of 7.52%) and, last, pasteurized orange juice (decrease of 15.62%). The decreas…
Changes of colour and carotenoids contents during high intensity pulsed electric field treatment in orange juices
2005
Abstract Liquid chromatography (LC) was the method chosen to evaluate the effects of high intensity pulsed electric fields (HIPEF), with different electric field intensities (25, 30, 35 and 40 kV/cm) and different treatment times (30–340 μs), on orange juice cis / trans carotenoid contents. In parallel, a conventional heat treatment (90 °C, 20 s) was applied to the orange juice in order to compare the effect on the carotenoid contents. HIPEF processing of orange juice is an alternative to the thermal treatment of pasteurization, provided that it is kept refrigerated, because, when the most extreme conditions of this kind of treatment are applied, the decrease in the concentration of caroten…
Coupling salinity gradient heat engines with power generation systems and industrial processes
2022
Abstract This chapter presents some potential applications of salinity gradient power-heat engines (SGP-HEs) in power generation systems and industrial processes, where low-temperature waste heat flows could be available. In order to show this concept, five case studies are proposed. In the first case study, a thermoelectric power plant is considered. The analysis evaluates the possibility to convert the low-grade heat content of flue gases into additional electricity via SGP-HEs. In the second case study, an SGP-HE is coupled with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) plant to enhance the amount of electricity produced from a medium-temperature waste heat flow released by an industrial process. I…
Technical and economical feasibility of biomass use for power generation in Sicily
2012
Biomass can provide a reliable support for production ofbiofuels while contributing to sustainable management of natural resources. Many countries, including Italy, have introduced important incentive schemes to support the use of biomass for electricity, heat and transportation. This has raised considerable interest towards the use of biomass for energy generation purposes. Nonetheless, the design and installation ofbiomass-fuelled power plants present several critical issues, such as choice and availability of biomass, choice of technology, power plant localization and logistics. The case study tackled in this paper evaluates the economies originated by a 1MW el Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC…
Humidity Insensitive Conductometric Sensors for Ammonia Sensing
2014
Interest in molecular materials has been driven in large part by their various and prosperous applications, especially in the domain of organic electronics, where they offer many advantages as well as alternative approaches compared to their inorganic counterparts. Most of conductometric transducers are resistors[[ and transistors[[[, but rarely diodes[6]. In our laboratory, we designed and characterized new molecular material based devices. Molecular Semiconductor Doped Insulator (MSDI) heterojunctions were built around a heterojunction between a Molecular Semiconductor (MS) and a Doped Insulator (DI)[7][8]. This new device exhibits interesting electronic properties that allow ammonia sens…
Privacy-Preserving Overgrid: Secure Data Collection for the Smart Grid
2020
In this paper, we present a privacy-preserving scheme for Overgrid, a fully distributed peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture designed to automatically control and implement distributed Demand Response (DR) schemes in a community of smart buildings with energy generation and storage capabilities. To monitor the power consumption of the buildings, while respecting the privacy of the users, we extend our previous Overgrid algorithms to provide privacy preserving data aggregation (PP-Overgrid). This new technique combines a distributed data aggregation scheme with the Secure Multi-Party Computation paradigm. First, we use the energy profiles of hundreds of buildings, classifying the amount of &ldquo
Dielectric properties of barium strontium titanate / non ferroelectric oxide ceramic composites
2001
International audience; Barium strontium titanate ceramics present high dielectric permittivity and tunability. In order to reduce their permettivity and loss tangent while keeping tunability, various composites of barium strontium titanate oxide...
Solar-assisted heat pumps systems for domestic hot water production in small energy communities
2021
Abstract The paper investigates the energy performances of several configurations of solar-assisted heat pumps equipped with photovoltaic (PV) and photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) panels as well as solar thermal collectors for domestic hot water production. The systems are sized to serve small aggregates of users assumed as micro energy communities in low housing density context in the South of Italy. Electricity storages are also considered to smooth the interaction with the electric grid. Several indices are defined and calculated to guide toward a correct sizing, to check users’ satisfaction and to assess primary energy savings. The results show how the energy consumption from the analysed sys…