Search results for "Electrode"

Trapping of ions from high energy sources into a radiofrequency ion trap

1982

An attempt is described to confine ions, created externally and accelerated to some energy, in an rf quadrupole trap. 4 keV Ba+ ions were stopped on a Ni foil, placed in an aperture of one trap electrode. The Ba then was evaporated from the heated foil and ionized by electron impact. At background pressure of about 10−5 mbar of various light buffer gases (He, H2, N2), the trap was filled once with 105 ions, at a minimum primary ion number of 1010. The storage time was 10 min. From the data obtained the possibility of spectroseopic experiments on rare isotopes, created with accelerators or nuclear reactors, is discussed.

Gold nanoparticles decorated zinc oxide nanorods as electrodes for a highly sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose detection

2019

INTERPRETATION OF POTENTIAL INTERMITTENCE TITRATION TECHNIQUE EXPERIMENTS FOR VARIOUS Li-INTERCALATION ELECTRODES

2002

In this paper we compare two different approaches for the calculation of the enhancement factor Wi , based on its definition as the ratio of the chemical and the component diffusion coefficients for species in mixed-conduction electrodes, originated from the “dilute solution” or “lattice gas” models for the ion system. The former approach is only applicable for small changes of the ion concentration while the latter allows one to consider a broad range of intercalation levels. The component diffusion coefficient of lithium ions has been determined for a series of lithium intercalation anodes and cathodes. A new “enhancement factor” for the ion transport has been defined and its relations to…

Fabrication of an extremely cheap poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) modified pencil lead electrode for effective hydroquinone sensing

2021

Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the major deleterious metabolites of benzene in the human body, which has been implicated to cause various human diseases. In order to fabricate a feasible sensor for the accurate detection of HQ, we attempted to electrochemically modify a piece of common 2B pencil lead (PL) with the conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) or PEDOT film to construct a PEDOT/PL electrode. We then examined the performance of PEDOT/PL in the detection of hydroquinone with different voltammetry methods. Our results have demonstrated that PEDOT film was able to dramatically enhance the electrochemical response of pencil lead electrode to hydroquinone and exhibited a good linear co…

Electrochemical Characterization of Polyelectrolyte/Gold Nanoparticle Multilayers Self-Assembled on Gold Electrodes

2006

Polyelectrolyte/gold nanoparticle multilayers composed of poly(l-lysine) (pLys) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA) stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were built up using the electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly technique upon a gold electrode modified with a first layer of MSA. The assemblies were characterized using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, cyclic and square-wave voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Charge transport through the multilayer was studied experimentally as well as theoretically by using two different redox pairs [Fe(CN)(6)](3-/4-) and [Ru(NH(3))(6)](3+/2+). This paper reports a large sensitivity to the charge of the out…

An experimental analysis of thick-film solid-state reference electrodes

2012

Thick-Film planar solid-state Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrodes were developed and tested for ion susceptibility and long term drift in approximately 0.04 M potassium chloride (KCl) solution. Various types of electrodes were tested exhibiting stabilities down to 2 millivolts per decade change of chloride concentration. It is demonstrated that Thick-Film reference electrodes are suitable for use in underground soil measurements due to their ruggedness and robustness.

Double Step Electrochemical Process for the Deposition of Superhydrophobic Coatings for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance

2021

Superhydrophobic surface on anodized AA5083 sample was obtained by an electrochemical process. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analyses revealed the hierarchical structure of the coating and the presence of manganese stearate. These features were crucial for the coating superhydrophobicity, demonstrated by a measured contact angle of ~ 163° and its self-cleaning ability. Electrochemical characterization in an aqueous solution mimicking seawater proved an enhanced corrosion resistance due to the superhydrophobic coating with respect to anodized AA5083 sample that also lasted after 20 immersion days in Cl- containing electrolyte.

Electrodeposition of supported gadolinium-doped ceria solid solution nanowires

2012

Gadolinium-ceria solid solution nanowires with tunable composition have been prepared through template cathodic electrodeposition from solutions containing Ce 3+Gd 3+ in a variable ratio. The employed template is Porous Anodic Alumina because it can function as thermal resistant separator supporting the nanowires if used as ionic conductor in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). Scanning Electron Microscopy of the deposited nanostructures revealed that the use of ethanol as solvent and metal chloride as electrolyte allowed to prepare continuous, compact and well defined nanowires with morphological features stable even after thermal treatment. EDX compositional analysis confirms the presence of bo…

Electrodeposition of ZnO nanorods on opaline replica as hierarchically structured systems

2011

We present a new method to prepare hierarchical structures by using ZnO replica and ZnO-coated PMMA opals as electrodes in an electrodeposition process of ZnO nanorods. Depending on the approach the nanorods can be either grown exclusively on top of the replica or inside the replica structures. Therefore two types of systems are accessible: 3D photonic crystals with a hierarchically structured surface consisting of nanorods and macroporous ZnO structures with an increased surface area.

Electrical measurements in µ-EDM

2008

The phenomena occurring between the electrodes in electric discharge machining when manufacturing features on the micro-metre scale (µ-EDM) is not fully understood. Poor quantitative knowledge of the sources of variability affecting this process hinders the identification of its natural tolerance limits. Moreover, improvements in measuring systems contribute to the acquisition of new information that often conflicts with existent theoretical models of this process. The prime objective of this paper is to advance the experimental knowledge of µ-EDM by providing a measurement framework for the electrical discharges. The effects of the electrodes metallic materials (Ag, Ni, Ti, W) on the elect…