Search results for "Electrodialysis"
showing 10 items of 139 documents
Modeling and Analysis of a New Process for Pyruvate Production
2005
Early process development is crucial for the economic and environmental performance of a final production process. A new process for the production of pyruvate is presented as a case study to show how process modeling and an analysis of the results regarding economic and environmental aspects improves the understanding of the process, its cost structure, and its environmental impact. It also enables the quantification of process improvements and the comparison of alternative designs. The model of the pyruvate production shows how strain and fermentation improvements propagate through the process and affect its economic and environmental performance. The comparison of two alternative purific…
SELECTION OF REDOX SYSTEMS FOR REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS PROCESSES
2012
In reverse electrodialysis (RED) processes, electrical energy is directly extracted from chemical potential gradients arising from salinity differences, especially from sea and river water. In RED there are at least four complementary elements: (1) electrodes, where electron transfer reactions occur to allow the transformation of the charge carrier from ion to electron; (2) ion selective exchange membranes, which allow the selective transport of ions; (3) solvents, which make a continuum for ion transport; (4) electrolytes, i.e. the current carriers between cathode and anode. Studies on RED processes were mainly focused on membranes but also on several other aspects including electrolyte co…
Investigation of electrode material - redox couple systems for reverse electrodialysis processes
2012
Towards the simultaneous generation of electric energy and the abatement of organic pollutants by reverse electrodialysis processes
2012
In reverse electrodialysis (RED) processes, electrical energy is directly extracted from chemical potential gradients arising from salinity differences, especially from sea and river water [1]. In RED there are at least four complementary elements: (1) electrodes, where electron transfer reactions occur to allow the transformation of the charge carrier from ion to electron; (2) ion selective exchange membranes, which allow the selective transport of ions; (3) solvents, which make a continuum for ion transport; (4) electrolytes, i.e. the current carriers between cathode and anode. The redox process is usually chosen in order to limit the energetic losses, the cost of redox specie and electro…
REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHEMICALS AND THE TREATMENT OF CONTAMINATED WASTEWATER
ABATEMENT OF POLLUTANTS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS PROCESSES
2013
Electrochemistry-based technologies are very promising methods for treating wastewaters containing organic and inorganic pollutants that are either resistant to biological processes or toxic for microorganisms [1]. On the other hand, in the reverse electrodialysis (RED), the electrical energy is directly extracted from chemical potential gradients arising from salinity differences [2], especially between brine solution and sea water. RED can be potentially used for the simultaneous generation of electrical energy and the treatment of waters contaminated by recalcitrant pollutants. The advantages of using the RED process for such dual purpose are: the utilization of a green reagent such as t…
Investigation of electrode material – redox couple systems for reverse electrodialysis processes. Part II: Experiments in a stack with 10–50 cell pai…
2013
Abstract The performances of reverse electrodialysis depend on several factors, including the nature of the electrode material and of the redox processes adopted to make possible the conversion between chemical potential and electric power. In this paper the possible utilization of various redox processes (reduction/oxidation of iron species, oxidation and reduction of water, oxidation of chlorine and reduction of water) was studied in a stack equipped with 10–50 cell pairs and by focused electrolyses in a three compartment cell. The effect of selected redox processes on power density output and eventual contamination of saline solutions flowing in the stack was evaluated in detail. The eff…
Coupling electrodialysis desalination with photovoltaic and wind energy systems for energy storage: Dynamic simulations and control strategy
2020
Abstract The presence of desalination systems in polygeneration facilities is usually limited by important difficulties in operating under non-stationary regimes typical of renewable energy sources. Reverse osmosis, namely the most common desalination technology, is characterised by slow dynamics that rarely adapts to the power fluctuations of renewables. Therefore, the possibility of using electrodialysis coupled with a hybrid photovoltaic/wind energy source was investigated in this work. In particular, the combination of photovoltaic and wind energy is very attractive in order to achieve a more stable energy production, while electrodialysis is claimed to be a more flexible process compar…
Application of reverse electrodialysis to site-specific types of saline solutions: A techno-economic assessment
2019
Abstract Salinity gradients are a non-conventional source of renewable energy based on the recovery of the Gibbs free energy related to the mixing of solutions at different concentrations. Reverse Electrodialysis is a promising and innovative technology able to convert this energy directly into electric current. The worldwide availability of salinity gradients is limited to those locations where water bodies at different salinity levels are present. The present work analyses a number of different scenarios worldwide, in locations where salinity gradients are naturally available or generated by anthropogenic activities. A techno-economic model of the Reverse Electrodialysis process is presen…