Search results for "Elektrodi"

Novel concepts on the recovery of by-products from alkaline pulping

2016

Innovative biorefinery concepts were developed for the separation and utilization of organic materials, especially aliphatic carboxylic acids, lignin, and extractives, which are formed as by-products during wood-based alkaline delignification processes. The partial recovery of sodium as NaOH and aliphatic carboxylic acids from hardwood soda-AQ black liquor was studied via electrodialysis. The lignin was partly (about 59 % of the initial lignin) precipitated from black liquor by carbonation (pH to about 8.5) followed by electrodialysis or H2SO4 (pH to about 2), with subsequent precipitation of more lignin and the liberation of aliphatic acids. The Na2SO4 formed was successfully separated fro…

Co-precipitation of Mg-doped Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)₂:effect of magnesium doping and washing on the battery cell performance

2023

Co-precipitation of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 (NCM811) and Mg-doped (0.25 wt% and 0.5 wt%) NCM811 precursors is carried out from concentrated metal sulphate solutions. In this paper, the aim is to study the role of magnesium dopant in the co-precipitation step of NCM811, the cathode active material and further the Li-ion battery cell performance. Based on the results, magnesium was fully co-precipitated in the NCM811 precursors, as expected from thermodynamic calculations. The presence of magnesium in these precursors was also confirmed by several characterization methods and magnesium was evenly distributed in the sample. It was observed that tapped density decreased and surface area increased …

Measurements on electric breakdown in dielectric barriers between carbon nanotubes and electrodes

2009

Electrocatalytic rate constants from DFT simulations and theoretical models: Learning from each other

2022

Electrochemical interfaces present an extraordinarily complex reaction environment and several, often counter-acting, interactions contribute to rate constants of electrocatalytic reactions. We compile a short review on how electrode potential, solvent, electrolyte, and pH effects on electrocatalytic rates can be understood and modelled using computational and theoretical methods. We address the connections between computational models based on DFT and (semi)analytical model Hamiltonians to extract physical or chemical insights, identify some omissions in present DFT simulation approaches and analytic models, and discuss what and how simulations and models could learn from each other. peerR…

Monikanavaelektrodilla mitattu alueellinen lihasaktiivisuus eri nivelkulmilla isometrisessä tahdonalaisessa ja sähköstimulaatiolla aiheutetussa lihas…

2014

Elektromyografiaa (EMG) on käytetty jo vuosikymmeniä lihasaktiivisuuden tutkimisessa, mutta edelleen siihen liittyy useita epävarmuustekijöitä. Yksi näistä on EMG-signaalin normalisointi eli kuinka elektromyogrammi tulisi normalisoida erilaisissa suorituksissa ja millainen referenssisupistus tulisi valita normalisointiyhtälön viitearvoksi. Normalisointia pidetään edellytyksenä EMG-signaaleja vertailevalle analyyseille, jos signaalit ovat rekisteröity eri lihaksista, eri henkilöiltä tai samasta lihaksesta eri ajankohtina. Normalisointimenetelmän valinnalla on olennainen vaikutus tutkimuksen kohteena olevan suorituksen tulosten tulkintaan ja validiteettiin. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli…

Conjugation with carbon nanotubes improves the performance of mesoporous silicon as Li-ion battery anode

2020

Carbon nanotubes can be utilized in several ways to enhance the performance of silicon-based anodes. In the present work, thermally carbonized mesoporous silicon (TCPSi) microparticles and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are conjugated to create a hybrid material that performs as the Li-ion battery anode better than the physical mixture of TCPSi and CNTs. It is found out that the way the conjugation is done has an essential role in the performance of the anode. The conjugation should be made between negatively charged TCPSi and positively charged CNTs. Based on the electrochemical experiments it is concluded that the positive charges, i.e., excess amine groups of the hybrid material i…

Quadriceps and hamstring muscle EMG activity during a football match

2012

Roudi Kalema (2012). Quadriceps and hamstring muscle EMG activity during a football match. Department of Biology of Physical, University of Jyvaskyla. Master’s Thesis in Exercise Physiology. 58 pages. Fatigue represents a reduction in the ability of muscle to generate force and in the context of football, it has been often related with injury. Surface electromyography is a valuable technique for evaluating muscle activation and fatigue but it has never been applied during a football match. The development of washable textile electrodes has opened up possibilities to investigate muscular activity in non-laboratory settings, without skin preparation and wires hanging around the body. It has a…

Sustainable Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrodes for Potassium and Aluminum Batteries: Conceptualizing the Key Parameters for Improved Performance

2023

The development of sustainable, safe, low-cost, high energy and density power-density energy storage devices is most needed to electrify our modern needs to reach a carbon-neutral society by ~2050. Batteries are the backbones of future sustainable energy sources for both stationary off-grid and mobile plug-in electric vehicle applications. Biomass-derived carbon materials are extensively researched as efficient and sustainable electrode/anode candidates for lithium/sodium-ion chemistries due to their well-developed tailored textures (closed pores and defects) and large microcrystalline interlayer spacing and therefore opens-up their potential applications in sustainable potassium and alumin…

Electrochemical properties of graphite/nylon electrodes additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion

2023

Nowadays, additive manufacturing, known as 3D printing, is vigorously employed at various enterprises due to the ability of industrial series production and customization in conjunction with geometry freedom. While, material design and fabrication of composite materials, meeting the desired architecture and properties, is another promising application of additive manufacturing. For instance, additive manufacturing of the material exhibiting electrochemical properties is beneficial for the development of freestanding electrodes that might be used in electrochemical energy storage systems. Herein, the graphite/nylon composite with a high carbon ratio of 30 wt% was produced by laser powder bed…

Effects of Lithium Source and Content on the Properties of Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials

2023

Lithium-rich layered oxide (LLO) are considered high-capacity cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. In this study, LLO cathode materials were synthesized via the hydroxide coprecipitation method followed by a two-step lithiation process using different lithium contents and lithium sources. The effects of lithium content and lithium source on structure and electrochemical performance were investigated. This study demonstrated the clear impact of Li/TM ratio on electrochemical performance. Lower Li/TM ratio reduced the irreversible capacity loss in the first cycle and provided better cycling stability among all samples. The best results exhibited an initial discharge ca…