Search results for "Elements"

showing 10 items of 799 documents

Mechanisms Suppressing Superheavy Element Yields in Cold Fusion Reactions.

2019

Superheavy elements are formed in fusion reactions which are hindered by fast nonequilibrium processes. To quantify these, mass-angle distributions and cross sections have been measured, at beam energies from below-barrier to 25% above, for the reactions of $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$, $^{50}\mathrm{Ti}$, and $^{54}\mathrm{Cr}$ with $^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$. Moving from $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ to $^{54}\mathrm{Cr}$ leads to a drastic fall in the symmetric fission yield, which is reflected in the measured mass-angle distribution by the presence of competing fast nonequilibrium deep inelastic and quasifission processes. These are responsible for reduction of the compound nucleus formation probablity ${P}_{CN}$ …

PhysicsFissionGeneral Physics and AstronomyFission product yieldSuperheavy Elements01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCold fusionDiffusion process0103 physical sciencesNuclear fusionAtomic physics010306 general physicsEnergy (signal processing)Physical review letters
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Frontiers of Heavy - Ion Physics and Superheavy Elements

2003

This contribution will focus on three topics of GSI nuclear structure research: super heavy elements, direct mass measurements in the storage ring, and the measurement of spallation cross section in reversed kinematics. The GSI project for an extended synchrotron facility will be outlined.

PhysicsFocus (computing)Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsFissionNuclear structureTransactinide elementSuperheavy ElementsSynchrotronlaw.inventionNuclear physicsCross section (physics)Nuclear Energy and EngineeringlawHeavy ionSpallationStorage ringJournal of Nuclear Science and Technology
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Quasifission Dynamics in the Formation of Superheavy Elements

2017

The European physical journal / Web of Conferences 163, 00023 - (2017). doi:10.1051/epjconf/201716300023

PhysicsFusion010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999Electric potential energyNuclear TheoryNuclear structureSuperheavy Elements53001 natural sciencesNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesddc:530Nuclear Experiment010306 general physicsEPJ Web of Conferences
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Production and properties towards the island of stability

2016

The structure of the nuclei of the heaviest elements is discussed with emphasis on single-particle properties as determined by decay and inbeam spectroscopy. The basic features of production of these nuclei using fusion evaporation reactions will also be discussed. peerReviewed

PhysicsFusionta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999Nuclear TheoryEvaporation01 natural sciencesEngineering physicsIsland of stabilitysuperheavy elementsisland of stability0103 physical sciencesnuclear structure010306 general physicsSpectroscopyNuclear Experiment
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Nuclear matrix elements for double beta decay in the QRPA approach: a critical review

2009

The calculation of nuclear matrix elements (NME) for double beta decay transitions (DBD) relies upon several approximations. The purpose of this note is to review some of these approximations, and their impact upon the NME. We shall present our results, which have been obtained in the framework of the proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation (pnQRPA), and we shall focus on short range correlations, pairing, and symmetry effects.

PhysicsHistoryFísicaSymmetry (physics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationNuclear physicsTheoretical physicsRange (mathematics)Double beta decayPairingNuclear matrix elementsQuasiparticleNeutrinoless double beta decayRandom phase approximationPairing correlations
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Single Particle Levels and ββ-Decay Matrix Elements in The Interacting Boson Model

2018

Recently a new method to calculate the occupancies of single particle levels in atomic nuclei was developed in the context of the microscopic interacting boson model, in which neutron and proton degrees of freedom are treated explicitly (IBM-2). The energies of the single particle levels constitute a very important input for the calculation of the occupancies in this method, and further they play important role in the calculation of double beta decay nuclear matrix elements. Here we discuss how the 0νββ, 0νhββ, and 2νββ-decay nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) are affected when the energies of single particle levels are changed. peerReviewed

PhysicsHistoryProtonNuclear TheoryDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)double beta decayContext (language use)nuclear matrix elementsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationNuclear physicsMatrix (mathematics)Double beta decayAtomic nucleusNeutronInteracting boson modelNuclear Experimentydinfysiikka
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Recent Upgrades of the SHIPTRAP Setup: On the Finish Line Towards Direct Mass Spectroscopy of Superheavy Elements

2016

With the Penning-trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP at GSI, Darmstadt, it is possible to investigate exotic nuclei in the region of the heaviest elements. Few years ago, challenging experiments led to the direct measurements of the masses of neutron-deficient isotopes with Z = 102,103 around N = 152. Thanks to recent advances in cooling and ion-manipulation techniques, a major technical upgrade of the setup has been recently accomplished to boost its efficiency. At present, the gap to reach more rare and shorter-lived species at the limits of the nuclear landscape has been narrowed. ispartof: pages:423-429 ispartof: Acta Physica Polonica B vol:48 issue:3 pages:423-429 ispartof: location:Zakopa…

PhysicsIsotopePenning trapGeneral Physics and AstronomyFinish lineSuperheavy Elements[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Accelerator Physics and InstrumentationPenning trapMass spectrometry01 natural sciences7. Clean energy010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear physicsUpgrade0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physics
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Calculation of atomic properties of superheavy elements Z=110–112 and their ions

2020

We calculate the spectra, electric dipole transition rates, and isotope shifts of the superheavy elements Ds ($Z=110$), Rg ($Z=111$), and Cn ($Z=112$) and their ions. These calculations were performed using a recently developed, efficient version of the ab intio configuration-interaction combined with perturbation theory to treat distant effects. The successive ionization potentials of the three elements are also calculated and compared to lighter analogous elements.

PhysicsIsotopeSuperheavy Elements7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral line010305 fluids & plasmasIonAtomic propertiesIonization0103 physical sciencesAtomic physicsElectric dipole transitionPerturbation theory010306 general physicsPhysical Review A
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Exploiting transport properties for the detection of optical pumping in heavy ions

2020

We present a kinetic model for optical pumping in Lu$^+$ and Lr$^+$ ions as well as a theoretical approach to calculate the transport properties of Lu$^+$ in its ground $^1S_0$ and metastable $^3D_1$ states in helium background gas. Calculations of the initial ion state populations, the field and temperature dependence of the mobilities and diffusion coefficients, and the ion arrival time distributions demonstrate that the ground- and metastable-state ions can be collected and discriminated efficiently under realistic macroscopic conditions.

PhysicsKinetic modelAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementSuperheavy Elements01 natural sciencesLutetiumPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasIonOptical pumpingchemistry0103 physical sciencesddc:530Atomic physics010306 general physicsLawrenciumPhysical Review A
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CONDENSATION OF REFRACTORY METALS IN ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH AND OTHER STELLAR ENVIRONMENTS

2014

The condensation of material from a gas of solar composition has been extensively studied, but less so condensation in the environment of evolved stars, which has been mainly restricted to major compounds and some specific element groups such as the Rare Earth elements. Also of interest, however, are refractory metals like Mo, Ru, Os, W, Ir, and Pt, which may condense to form refractory metal nuggets (RMNs) like the ones that have been found in association with presolar graphite. We have performed calculations describing the condensation of these elements in the outflows of s-process enriched AGB stars as well as from gas enriched in r-process products. While in carbon-rich environments (C …

PhysicsMeteoriteSpace and Planetary SciencePresolar grainsCondensationRefractory metalsAnalytical chemistryAsymptotic giant branchAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicss-processStellar evolutionAbundance of the chemical elementsThe Astrophysical Journal
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