Search results for "Elements"

showing 10 items of 799 documents

Preliminary Results on Intermittent Behaviour of Millisecond Pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658

2004

We analyzed RXTE data from the burst of the year 2000 of the X-ray millisecond binary pulsar SAX J 1808.4-3658 with the intent of determining the new orbital parameters.We used the observations of SAX J1808.4-3658 performed by the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) when the source was again detected in outburst during the period January-March 2000 (Wijnands et al. 2001). In particular we examined the data from the Proportional Counter Array (РСA) (Jahoda et al. 1996). We first applied barycentric correction to the data using the optical coordinates of the source (Roche et al. 98).

PhysicsOrbital elementsMillisecondMillisecond pulsarProportional counterAstrophysicsBinary pulsarInternational Astronomical Union Colloquium
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Fascinating puzzle called double beta decay

2019

The question of whether neutrinos are Majorana or Dirac particles and what are their average masses remains one of the most fundamental problems in physics today. Observation of neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) would verify the Majorana nature of the neutrino and constrain the absolute scale of the neutrino mass spectrum. The inverse half-life for 0νββ-decay is given by the product of a phase space factor (PSF), a nuclear matrix element (NME), which both rely on theoretical description, and a function f containing the physics beyond the standard model. Recent calculations of PSF and NME will be reviewed together with comparison to other available results. These calculations serve the p…

PhysicsParticle physicsDirac (video compression format)Physics beyond the Standard ModelHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyneutriinotdouble beta decaynuclear matrix elementshiukkasfysiikkaMAJORANADouble beta decayPhase spaceMass spectrumHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoydinfysiikkaAbsolute scale
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A Theoretical Prediction of the Bs-Meson Lifetime Difference

2000

We present the results of a quenched lattice calculation of the operator matrix elements relevant for predicting the Bs width difference. Our main result is (\Delta\Gamma_Bs/\Gamma_Bs)= (4.7 +/- 1.5 +/- 1.6) 10^(-2), obtained from the ratio of matrix elements, R(m_b)=/=-0.93(3)^(+0.00)_(-0.01). R(m_b) was evaluated from the two relevant B-parameters, B_S^{MSbar}(m_b)=0.86(2)^(+0.02)_(-0.03) and B_Bs^{MSbar}(m_b) = 0.91(3)^(+0.00)_(-0.06), which we computed in our simulation.

PhysicsParticle physicsNONPERTURBATIVE RENORMALIZATIONPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MesonHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Analytical chemistryFOS: Physical sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)Settore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli e Metodi MatematiciHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyOperator matrixMATRIX-ELEMENTSHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Lattice (order)Engineering (miscellaneous)QCD CORRECTIONSTO-LEADING ORDER
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Solution of the Lindblad equation in Kraus representation

2006

The so-called Lindblad equation, a typical master equation describing the dissipative quantum dynamics, is shown to be solvable for finite-level systems in a compact form without resort to writing it down as a set of equations among matrix elements. The solution is then naturally given in an operator form, known as the Kraus representation. Following a few simple examples, the general applicability of the method is clarified.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciLindblad equationFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaThe so-called Lindblad equation a typical master equation describing the dissipative quantum dynamics is shown to be solvable for finite-level systems in a compact form without resort to writing it down as a set of equations among matrix elements. The solution is then naturally given in an operator form known as the Kraus representation. Following a few simple examples the general applicability of the method is clarified.Open quantum systemQuantum processMaster equationDissipative systemQuantum operationMethod of quantum characteristicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum statistical mechanicsMathematical physics
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Three-photon resonance ionization of atomic Mn in a hot-cavity laser ion source using Ti:sapphire lasers

2015

Three-photon resonance ionization of atomic manganese (Mn) in a hot-cavity ion source using Ti:sapphire lasers has been demonstrated. Three-step ionization schemes employing different intermediate levels and Rydberg or autoionizing (AI) states in the final ionization step are established. Strong AI resonances were observed via the 3d54s5s f 6S5/2 level at 49 415.35 cm−1, while Rydberg transitions were reached from the 3d54s4d e 6D9/2,7/2,5/2 levels at around 47 210 cm−1. Analyses of the strong Rydberg transitions associated with the 3d54s4d e 6D7/2 lower level indicate that they belong to the dipole-allowed 4d → nf 6F°9/2,7/2,5/2 series converging to the 3d54s 7S3 ground state of Mn II. Fro…

PhysicsThermal ionizationMolar ionization energies of the elementsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon sourceAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationsymbols.namesakeExcited stateIonizationRydberg formulasymbolsAtomic physicsElectron ionizationJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Alpha-Photon Coincidence Spectroscopy Along Element 115 Decay Chains

2014

Produced in the reaction 48Ca+243Am, thirty correlated α-decay chains were observed in an experiment conducted at the GSI Helmholzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany. The decay chains are basically consistent with previous findings and are considered to originate from isotopes of element 115 with mass numbers 287, 288, and 289. A set-up aiming specifically for high-resolution charged particle and photon coincidence spectroscopy was placed behind the gas-filled separator TASCA. For the first time, γ rays as well as X-ray candidates were observed in prompt coincidence with the α-decay chains of element 115.

Physicselement 115PhotonIsotopealpha decayGeneral Physics and Astronomy7. Clean energyNuclear & Particles PhysicsCoincidenceCharged particleMathematical SciencesNuclear physicssuperheavy elementsgamma-ray spectroscopySubatomic PhysicsPhysical SciencesGamma spectroscopyddc:530Alpha decayDecay chainAtomic physicsSpectroscopy
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Search for elements 119 and 120

2020

A search for production of the superheavy elements with atomic numbers 119 and 120 was performed in the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf fusion-evaporation reactions, respectively, at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. Over four months of irradiation, the 249Bk target partially decayed into 249Cf, which allowed for a simultaneous search for both elements. Neither was detected at cross-section sensitivity levels of 65 and 200 fb for the 50Ti+249Bk and 50Ti+249Cf reactions, respectively, at a midtarget beam energy of Elab=281.5 MeV. The nonobservation of elements 119 and 120 is discussed within the concept of fusion-evaporation reactions including various theoretical pr…

Physicselement 119010308 nuclear & particles physicselement 120Superheavy Elements01 natural sciencesIsland of stabilityRecoil separatorNuclear physicssuperheavy elementsProduction cross sectionSubatomic Physics0103 physical sciences540 Chemistry570 Life sciences; biologylow and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactionsAtomic numberIrradiationSensitivity (control systems)ydinfysiikka010306 general physicsBeam energyPhysical Review C
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Superheavy element flerovium (element 114) is a volatile metal.

2014

The electron shell structure of superheavy elements, i.e., elements with atomic number Z ≥ 104, is influenced by strong relativistic effects caused by the high Z. Early atomic calculations on element 112 (copernicium, Cn) and element 114 (flerovium, Fl) having closed and quasi-closed electron shell configurations of 6d(10)7s(2) and 6d(10)7s(2)7p1/2(2), respectively, predicted them to be noble-gas-like due to very strong relativistic effects on the 7s and 7p1/2 valence orbitals. Recent fully relativistic calculations studying Cn and Fl in different environments suggest them to be less reactive compared to their lighter homologues in the groups, but still exhibiting a metallic character. Expe…

Physicsgas chemistryValence (chemistry)ta114Electron shellchemistry.chemical_elementelement 114Inorganic ChemistryFleroviumsuperheavy elementsPhysisorptionchemistryAtomic orbitalChemical physicsSubatomic PhysicsAtomic numberPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsRelativistic quantum chemistryCoperniciumInorganic chemistry
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Finite amplitude method applied to giant dipole resonance in heavy rare-earth nuclei

2015

Background: The quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA), within the framework of the nuclear density functional theory (DFT), has been a standard tool to access the collective excitations of the atomic nuclei. Recently, finite amplitude method (FAM) has been developed, in order to perform the QRPA calculations efficiently without any truncation on the two-quasiparticle model space. Purpose: We discuss the nuclear giant dipole resonance (GDR) in heavy rare-earth isotopes, for which the conventional matrix diagonalization of the QRPA is numerically demanding. A role of the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn (TRK) sum rule enhancement factor, connected to the isovector effective mass, is also investig…

Physicsgiant dipole resonanceIsovectorta114Nuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences3. Good healthNuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)DipoleEffective mass (solid-state physics)0103 physical sciencesAtomic nucleusQuasiparticleheavy nucleiSum rule in quantum mechanics010306 general physicsRandom phase approximationNuclear ExperimentNuclear densityrare-earth elements
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Investigation of the reaction 64Ni+238U being an option of synthesizing element 120

2010

This study is concerned with the search for entrance channels suitable to synthesize elements with Z > 118. Mass-energy distributions as well as capture cross-sections of fission-like fragments have been measured for the reactions 64Ni + 238U → 302120 and 48Ca + 238U → 286112 at energies near the Coulomb barrier. Compound nucleus fission cross-sections were estimated from the analysis of mass and total kinetic energy distributions. The cross-section drops three orders of magnitude for the formation of the compound nucleus with Z = 120 obtained in the reaction 64Ni + 238U compared to the formation of the compound nucleus with Z = 112 obtained in the reaction 48Ca + 238U at an excitation ener…

Physicssuperheavy elements ; fusion ; fission ; entrance channelsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuasi-fissionFissionSuperheavy elementsFusion–fissionCoulomb barrierKinetic energyPhysique atomique et nucléairemedicine.anatomical_structureSuperheavy elementOrders of magnitude (time)medicineAtomic physicsNucleusFusion-fissionExcitationPhysics Letters B
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