Search results for "Elmi"
showing 10 items of 767 documents
The Extracellular Vesicles of the Helminth Pathogen, Fasciola hepatica : Biogenesis Pathways and Cargo Molecules Involved in Parasite Pathogenesis
2015
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by parasites have important roles in establishing and maintaining infection. Analysis of the soluble and vesicular secretions of adult Fasciola hepatica has established a definitive characterisation of the total secretome of this zoonotic parasite. Fasciola secretes at least two sub-populations of EVs that differ according to size, cargo molecules and site of release from the parasite. The larger EVs are released from the specialised cells that line the parasite gastrodermus and contain the zymogen of the 37 kDa cathepsin L peptidase that performs a digestive function. The smaller exosome-like vesicle population originate from multivesicular bodies with…
Distribution and seasonal dynamics of Cryptomonads in Sicilian water bodies
2003
Several species with a relevant ecological importance belong to Cryptophyta. Nevertheless, species-level identification from microscopic observations is problematic, lacking recent taxonomic keys. In this study we report our observations on distribution and seasonal dynamics of Cryptomonads in 33 Sicilian water bodies, as well as the main taxonomical problems we encountered. Species of the genera Cryptomonas and Plagioselmis are the most common in the examined water bodies. Their biomass seasonal trends usually show a peak in late winter and early spring. In advanced spring, and also in summer, due to the higher grazing pressure, the Cryptomonads biomass reaches its lowest values. Moreover,…
HELMINTH ASSEMBLAGES OF WHITEFISH (COREGONUS LAVARETUS) IN INTERCONNECTED LAKES: SIMILARITY AS A FUNCTION OF SPECIES SPECIFIC PARASITES AND GEOGRAPHI…
2004
This article examined the composition of parasite assemblages of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) in 8 interconnected lakes in northeastern Finland and evaluated the role of coregonid specific parasites and the geographical distance between populations in determining the similarity of the assemblages. Parasite assemblages were compared using the Jaccard qualitative similarity index and a quantitative similarity index and by incorporating the allogenic-autogenic species concept and the effects of 2 corresponding measures of geographical distance between the lakes. The majority of the parasite species found (10 of 14) were specific to salmonids. Similarity of assemblages of autogenic parasites…
AT1-receptor blockade by telmisartan upregulates GTP-cyclohydrolase I and protects eNOS in diabetic rats.
2008
Several enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were described as potential reasons of eNOS uncoupling in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AT1-receptor blockade with chronic telmisartan (25 mg/kg/day, 6.5 weeks) therapy on expression of the BH4-synthesizing enzyme GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GCH-I), eNOS uncoupling, and endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg iv, 7 weeks)-induced diabetes mellitus (type I). Telmisartan therapy did not modify blood glucose and body weight. Aortas from diabetic animals had vascular dysfunction as revealed by isometric tension studies (acetylcholine and nitroglycerin potency). Vascular and cardiac RO…
Comparison of adult liver flukes from highland and lowland populations of Bolivian and Spanish sheep.
2000
A morphological study of adult liver flukes and eggs from sheep in a human fascioliasis endemic zone in the Northern Bolivian Altiplano showed that they belong to the species Fasciola hepatica. An exhaustive morphometric comparison with a F. hepatica population from Spanish sheep was made using image analysis and an allometric model: (y2m - y2)]#x002F;y2 = c[(y1m - y1)/y1]b, where y1 = body surface or body length, y2 = one of the measurements analysed, y1m, y2m = maximum values towards which y1 and y2 respectively tend, and c, b = constants. Only slight allometric differences in worms were observed despite the geographic distance between both Spanish and Bolivian sheep populations and the v…
Developmental differences in the uterus of Fasciola hepatica between livestock liver fluke populations from Bolivian highlands and European lowlands
2001
A morphometric study of the uterus area (UA) of Fasciola hepatica adults was carried out with the aid of a computer linked to a stereomicroscopic 3CCD colour video camera using image analysis software. The UA of adult liver flukes found in naturally infected sheep, cattle and pig from the endemic human fascioliasis zone of the northern Bolivian Altiplano highlands was compared with that of flukes found infecting sheep and cattle from Valencia, Spain and cattle from Corsica, France (collectively, European lowlands). Liver fluke UA was examined using an allometric model. A comparison of the allometry of the liver fluke UA in different host species from Bolivia revealed no significant differen…
Effect of female genital schistosomiasis and anti-schistosomal treatment on monocytes, CD4+ T-cells and CCR5 expression in the female genital tract
2014
Published version of an article from the journal: PLoS One. Also available from the publisher: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098593 BACKGROUND: Schistosoma haematobium is a waterborne parasite that may cause female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), characterized by genital mucosal lesions. There is clinical and epidemiological evidence for a relationship between FGS and HIV. We investigated the impact of FGS on HIV target cell density and expression of the HIV co-receptor CCR5 in blood and cervical cytobrush samples. Furthermore we evaluated the effect of anti-schistosomal treatment on these cell populations. DESIGN: The study followed a case-control design with post treatment follow…
DNA barcoding reveals different cestode helminth species in northern European marine and freshwater ringed seals
2021
Three subspecies of the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) are found in northeastern Europe: P. h. botnica in the Baltic Sea, P. h saimensis in Lake Saimaa in Finland, and P. h. ladogensis in Lake Ladoga in Russia. We investigated the poorly-known cestode helminth communities of these closely related but ecologically divergent subspecies using COI barcode data. Our results show that, while cestodes from the Baltic Sea represent Schistocephalus solidus, all worms from the two lakes are identified as Ligula intestinalis, a species that has previously not been reported from seals. The observed shift in cestode communities appears to be driven by differential availability of intermediate fish host spec…
Self-adjuvanting C18 lipid vinil sulfone-PP2A vaccine: study of the induced immunomodulation against
2017
Despite the importance of the adjuvant in the immunization process, very few adjuvants merge with the antigens in vaccines. A synthetic self-adjuvant oleic-vinyl sulfone (OVS) linked to the catalytic region of recombinant serine/threonine phosphatase 2A from the nematode Angiostrongylus costaricensis (rPP2A) was used for intranasal immunization in mice previously infected with Trichuris muris. The animal intranasal immunization with rPP2A-OVS showed a reduction of 99.01% in the number of the nematode eggs and 97.90% in adult. The immunohistochemical analysis of the intestinal sections showed that in immunized animals with lipopeptide the mucus was significantly higher than in the other expe…
Host specificity ofOschmarinella rochebruniandBrachycladium atlanticum(Digenea: Brachycladiidae) in five cetacean species from western Mediterranean …
2010
AbstractWe investigated patterns of specificity of liver flukes (fam. Brachycladiidae) in a community of cetaceans from the western Mediterranean. The liver and pancreas of 103 striped dolphins,Stenella coeruleoalba, 18 Risso's dolphins,Grampus griseus, 14 bottlenose dolphins,Tursiops truncatus, 8 common dolphins,Delphinus delphis, and 5 long-finned pilot whales,Globicephala melas, were analysed for brachycladiid species. Two species were found:Oschmarinella rochebruniin striped dolphins (prevalence (P): 61.2%; mean intensity (MI) (95% CI): 34.2 (25.7–45.6)), andBrachycladium atlanticumin striped dolphins (P: 39.8%; MI: 7.1 (4.8–13.1)) and a single individual of common dolphin (P: 12.5%; in…