Search results for "Embryo"
showing 10 items of 1872 documents
Maria Carmela Roccheri
2012
Research focus Control of autophagy during both physiological development and in stress conditions in the sea urchin embryo. Model system Sea urchin embryo and larvae in development. Education and career 1971, biology degree, University of Palermo, Italy; advisor: G. Giudice. 1972–1973, fellowship from the Italian Ministry of Public Education, Institute of Comparative Anatomy, University of Palermo. 1974–1980, associate scientist at the Institute of Comparative Anatomy, University of Palermo. 1981–2005, associate professor of cell biology, Department of Cell and Development Biology, University of Palermo. 2000–2005, member of the scientific committee for PhD in “Biotechnology applied to pre…
Localized expression of Strim1, a novel member of the TRIM-containing family, guides the skeletal morphogenetic program of the sea urchin embryo
2011
The building of the skeleton in the indirect developing sea urchin embryo is a complex morphogenetic process that is executed by the Primary Mesenchyme Cells or PMCs (Ettensohn et al, 1997; Wilt 2002). It is well known that the PMCs acquire most of the positional and temporal information from the overlying ectoderm for skeletal initiation and growth (Armstrong 1993; Cavalieri et al, 2003; Röttinger et al, 2008). In this study, we analyze the function of a novel gene, encoding for a tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein denoted strim1, that adds up to the list of genes constituting the epithelial-mesenchymal signaling network. We show that strim1 is expressed in ectoderm regions adjacen…
Vanadium Toxicity Monitored by Fertilization Outcomes and Metal Related Proteolytic Activities in Paracentrotus lividus Embryos
2022
Metal pharmaceutical residues often represent emerging toxic pollutants of the aquatic environment, as wastewater treatment plants do not sufficiently remove these compounds. Recently, vanadium (V) derivatives have been considered as potential therapeutic factors in several diseases, however, only limited information is available about their impact on aquatic environments. This study used sea urchin embryos (Paracentrotus lividus) to test V toxicity, as it is known they are sensitive to V doses from environmentally relevant to very cytotoxic levels (50 nM; 100 nM; 500 nM; 1 µM; 50 µM; 100 µM; 500 µM; and 1 mM). We used two approaches: The fertilization test (FT) and …
cis-Regulation and chromatin dynamics of the hbox12 gene during the embryogenesis of Paracentrotus lividus.
2014
The GRN specifying the dorsal-ventral (D-V) axis of the sea urchin embryo is currently under investigation. An early input for D-V polarity is given by a redox gradient probably generated by an asymmetrical distribution of maternal mitochondria (1). Only on the future ventral side, the oxidizing environment induces the expression of the nodal gene, an essential regulator of D-V polarization (2). By contrast, on the future dorsal side, a reducing environment activates the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) (3). The hbox12 transcription repressor is an early marker of the dorsal side of the embryo, in which it negatively regulates the expression of nodal (4, 5). Interestingly, by in silico ana…
Genome wide mapping of the MBF-1 binding sites during embryogenesis of the sea urchin reveals it is a chromatin organizer.
2015
The Zinc-finger MBF1 factor is a transcription activator involved in the expression of the early histone genes during development of the sea urchin embryo (1). The DNA-binding domain of MBF1 shares high sequence similarity with that of the CTCF chromatin organizer but, unexpectedly, extensive in silico analysis failed to identify the sea urchin CTCF ortholog (2, 3). This led us to speculate that MBF1 could have co-opted the function of CTCF during evolution of the echinoderms. To support this hypothesis, we performed the genome-wide MBF1-binding sites mapping in the P. lividus genome, by chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to next generation sequencing (ChIP-Seq). We observed that MBF1 bi…
Exposure to cytotoxic concentrations of manganese and effects on development
2009
Manganese is one of the most abundant metals present in nature in trace amounts, which is accumulated and utilized by all forms of life. It plays a multitude of biological roles, but exposure of cells/organisms to high levels causes toxicity. In the marine environment, increasing concentrations of bio-available ions often result from anthropogenic activities, and, consequently, manganese represents a new emergent factor in environmental contamination. To study cyto-toxicity of manganese on development, we used an excellent model system as sea urchin embryos Paracentrotus lividus. In this work, we show results from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) analysis that highlighted qualitati…
The echinoid hbox12 multigene family: copy number variation and spatiotemporal expression
2016
Study of the role of phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis in arabidopsis development and its connections with nitrogen and carbon metabolism
2016
En plantas se han descrito tres rutas diferentes de para la síntesis de serina: la ruta del glicolato, asociada a la fotorrespiración, y dos rutas independientes de ella, la ruta del glicerato y la ruta fosforilativa de biosíntesis de serina (PPSB). Como la ruta del glicolato es la más importante en términos cuantitativos, el papel de la PPSB ha sido ignorado hasta hace unos años. Esta tesis doctoral aporta nuevas perspectivas sobre la función de la PPSB tanto en el desarrollo como en el metabolismo de Arabidopsis. La PPSB se abastece de 3-fosfoglicerato (3-PGA) como sustrato, el cual puede ser suministrado por la glicolisis plastidial o citosólica. Se asume que la actividad de estas dos ru…
Gadolinium toxicity on sea urchin embryos of geographically and phylogenetically distant species
2016
Pharmaceuticals are a class of emerging environmental contaminants. Gadolinium (Gd) is a metal of the lanthanide series of the elements whose chelates are commonly employed as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, and subsequently released into the aquatic environment. We investigated the consequences of sea urchin embryo exposure to sublethal Gd concentrations, comparing the effects on the development of four phylogenetically and geographically distant species: two Mediterranean species, Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula, and two species living in the East coast of Australia, Heliocidaris tuberculata and Centrostephanus rodgersii. Measures of the Gd and Ca content inside e…