Search results for "Embryo"

showing 10 items of 1872 documents

Pharmacological activation of CB2 receptors counteracts the deleterious effect of ethanol on cell proliferation in the main neurogenic zones of the a…

2015

Chronic alcohol exposure reduces endocannabinoid activity and disrupts adult neurogenesis in rodents, which results in structural and functional alterations. Cannabinoid receptor agonists promote adult neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation. We evaluated the protective effects of the selective CB1 receptor agonist ACEA, the selective CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 and the fatty-acid amide-hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which enhances endocannabinoid receptor activity, on NPC proliferation in rats with forced consumption of ethanol (10%) or sucrose liquid diets for 2 weeks. We performed immunohistochemical and stereological analyses of cells expressing the mitotic phosphorylation of his…

:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Growth and Development::Morphogenesis::Embryonic and Fetal Development::Organogenesis::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]CB1 receptorTubulina (proteína)Cannabinoid receptorCarbamatosEtanol:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nuclear Proteins::Histones [Medical Subject Headings]Ventrículos lateralesSacarosaNeuronasSubgranular zone0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]Histonas:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Receptor cannabinoide CB1Cannabinoid receptor type 2:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Phosphorylation [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Cells::Stem Cells::Neural Stem Cells [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neurons [Medical Subject Headings]health care economics and organizations:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Cerebral Ventricles::Lateral Ventricles [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]0303 health sciencesAlcoholismoalcoholConsumo de alcoholNeurogenesis:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotype::Genetic Markers [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators::Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists [Medical Subject Headings]Benzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB2 [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid system3. Good healthbromodesoxiuridinaneurogenesisEndocannabinoidesmedicine.anatomical_structure:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]ACEADietaAlcoholFosforilaciónAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyHidrolasasmedicine.drug_classNeurogenesiseducation:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Substance-Related Disorders::Alcohol-Related Disorders::Alcoholism [Medical Subject Headings]Subventricular zoneBiology:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Telencephalon::Cerebrum::Cerebral Cortex::Hippocampus::Dentate Gyrus [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceRatasInternal medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nerve Tissue Proteins::Tubulin [Medical Subject Headings]JWH133medicineGiro dentadolcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyCélulas madre nerviosas:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Dentate gyrusmarcadores genéticosCB2 receptor:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Oligosaccharides::Disaccharides::Sucrose [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Diencephalon::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Alcohols::Ethanol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocrinology:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]nervous system:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Drinking Behavior::Alcohol Drinking [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHipotálamoNeuroscience
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Seed mass variation and in vitro embryos culture of Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei

2009

Abies nebrodensis endangered species ex situ conservation embryos in vitro culture seed mass.
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Genetic Engineering Strategies for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

2015

Crop plants are affected by a variety of abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, and oxidative stress and cause a significant yield loss (more than 50 %). In the near future, these abiotic stresses might increase because of global climate change. Abiotic stresses lead to dehydration or osmotic stress through reduced availability of water for vital cellular functions and maintenance of turgor pressure and also result in high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants are evolved with various mechanisms such as changes in cellular and metabolic processes to cope with the stress condition. Recent developments in molecular genetics have contributed greatly to …

Abiotic componentLate embryogenesis abundant proteinsOsmotic shockOsmolyteAbiotic stressfood and beveragesOsmoprotectantGenetically modified cropsBiotic stressBiologyCell biology
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Effects of electrical stimulation of the superior cervical ganglia on the number of ?synaptic? ribbons and the activity of melatonin-forming enzymes …

1989

Melatonin metabolism in the mammalian pineal gland is under the clear influence of sympathetic fibers originating in the superior cervical ganglia (SCG). Previous studies suggested that pineal "synaptic" ribbons (SR) as well are regulated by the gland's sympathetic innervation. To gain more insight into the mechanisms involved, we examined the effects of sympathetic stimulation on SR number and on the activity of melatonin forming enzymes, serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). The SCG in adult male rats were stimulated electrically during daytime for either 15 or 120 min. Immediately following stimulation, the glands were removed and processed fo…

Acetylserotonin O-MethyltransferaseMaleNervous systemendocrine systemEmbryologySuperior cervical ganglionmedicine.medical_specialtyArylamine N-AcetyltransferaseStimulationBiologyPineal GlandMelatoninPineal glandInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsMelatoninGanglia SympatheticRats Inbred StrainsCell BiologyMetabolismElectric StimulationRatsMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologySynapsesCervical gangliaSerotoninAnatomyDevelopmental Biologymedicine.drugAnatomy and Embryology
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m6A RNA methylation of major satellite repeat transcripts facilitates chromatin association and RNA:DNA hybrid formation in mouse heterochromatin

2021

Abstract Heterochromatin has essential functions in maintaining chromosome structure, in protecting genome integrity and in stabilizing gene expression programs. Heterochromatin is often nucleated by underlying DNA repeat sequences, such as major satellite repeats (MSR) and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE). In order to establish heterochromatin, MSR and LINE elements need to be transcriptionally competent and generate non-coding repeat RNA that remain chromatin associated. We explored whether these heterochromatic RNA, similar to DNA and histones, may be methylated, particularly for 5-methylcytosine (5mC) or methyl-6-adenosine (m6A). Our analysis in mouse ES cells identifies only b…

AdenosineAcademicSubjects/SCI00010HeterochromatinRNA methylationMethylationMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineHeterochromatinGene expressionGeneticsAnimals030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiologyMethyltransferase complexGene regulation Chromatin and EpigeneticsRNAMouse Embryonic Stem CellsDNAChromatinCell biologyHistonechemistryTandem Repeat Sequencesbiology.proteinRNA030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDNANucleic Acids Research
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Occurrence of new neurons in the piriform cortex

2015

In a recent mini-review (Yuan et al., 2015), support is given to the idea that neurons are generated during adulthood in the mammalian piriform cortex (PC), their periventricular origin being also discussed. It is known since long time that a subpopulation of cortical layer II cells in the adult PC of rodents express immature neuronal markers such as polysialylated NCAM (PSA-NCAM; Seki and Arai, 1991; Bonfanti et al., 1992) and doublecortin (DCX; Nacher et al., 2002). These immature neurons have been found in most mammals studied so far, their occurrence being restricted to the paleocortex in rodents (Seki and Arai, 1991; Bonfanti et al., 1992; Nacher et al., 2002), and extended to neocorti…

Adult neurogenesis; Doublecortin; Piriform cortex; PSA-NCAM; Structural plasticity; Anatomy; Neuroscience (miscellaneous); Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceOlfactory systembiologyGeneral CommentaryPSA-NCAMNeurogenesisNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Embryonic stem cellstructural plasticityOlfactory bulbDoublecortinadult neurogenesispiriform cortexCellular and Molecular Neurosciencenervous systemdoublecortinPiriform cortexBrain sizebiology.proteinNeural cell adhesion moleculeAnatomyNeuroscienceNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neuroanatomy
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Single-cell RNA sequencing of oocytes from ovarian endometriosis patients reveals a differential transcriptomic profile associated with lower quality

2018

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Do oocytes from women with ovarian endometriosis (OE) have a different transcriptomic profile than those from healthy women? SUMMARY ANSWER Oocytes from endometriosis patients, independently of whether they came from the affected ovary, exhibited a differential transcriptomic profile compared to oocytes from healthy egg donors. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Studies of endometriosis have sought to determine whether OE affects oocyte quality. While many reports indicate that oocytes recovered from endometriotic ovaries may be affected by the disease, other studies have found no significant differences among oocyte/embryo quality and fertilization, implantation and pregnancy ra…

Adult0301 basic medicineAdolescentEndometriosisEndometriosisOvaryBiologyAndrologyTranscriptomeYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHuman fertilizationmedicineHumansOvarian Diseases030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineSequence Analysis RNAGene Expression ProfilingRehabilitationEmbryogenesisObstetrics and Gynecologymedicine.diseaseOocyte030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive MedicineCase-Control StudiesOocytesOvarian EndometriosisFemaleSingle-Cell AnalysisTranscriptomeEmbryo qualityHuman Reproduction
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Relationship between apoptosis and survival molecules in human cumulus cells as markers of oocyte competence

2017

SummaryTo select from a single patient the best oocytes able to reach the blastocyst stage, we searched for valuable markers for oocytes competence. We evaluated the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and the level of some survival molecules, such as AKT, pAKT and pERK1/2, in individual cumulus cell–oocyte complexes (COC). The study included normo-responder women. The average age of the patients was 34.3. DFI in cumulus cells was evaluated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assayin situ. AKT, pAKT and pERK1/2 were measured by immunological assay and densitometric analysis of fluorescent signals using NIS-Elements BR 3.10 image software. Statisti…

Adult0301 basic medicineCell SurvivalApoptosisDNA FragmentationBiologyMolecular markerAndrology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOocyte competencemedicineHumansProspective StudiesBlastocystPhosphorylationSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesCells CulturedCumulus Cells030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineTUNEL assayApoptosiEmbryoCell BiologyOocyteIn vitroCell biology030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureHuman cumulus cellTerminal deoxynucleotidyl transferaseApoptosisSurvival moleculeOocytesDNA fragmentationFemaleProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktBiomarkersDevelopmental Biology
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Endometrial receptivity revisited: endometrial transcriptome adjusted for tissue cellular heterogeneity

2018

Study question Does cellular composition of the endometrial biopsy affect the gene expression profile of endometrial whole-tissue samples? Summary answer The differences in epithelial and stromal cell proportions in endometrial biopsies modify the whole-tissue gene expression profiles and affect the results of differential expression analyses. What is already known Each cell type has its unique gene expression profile. The proportions of epithelial and stromal cells vary in endometrial tissue during the menstrual cycle, along with individual and technical variation due to the method and tools used to obtain the tissue biopsy. Study design, size, duration Using cell-population specific trans…

Adult0301 basic medicineCell typeStromal cellBiopsyContext (language use)BiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionEndometriumAndrologyTranscriptomeEndometriumYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGene expressionBiopsymedicineHumansEmbryo ImplantationMenstrual Cycle030304 developmental biology0303 health sciences030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinemedicine.diagnostic_testReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSequence Analysis RNAGene Expression ProfilingRehabilitationObstetrics and GynecologyEpithelial CellsGene expression profiling030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive MedicineFemaleStromal CellsEndometrial biopsyHuman Reproduction
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Prediction of embryo survival and live birth rates after cryotransfers of vitrified blastocysts

2020

Which pre-vitrification parameters are the most predictive of survival and live birth in vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles?A retrospective study including 11,936 warmed blastocysts. Pre-vitrification morphological parameters analysed for blastocysts included day of vitrification; blastocyst expansion degree; trophoectoderm grade (A, B and C); and inner cell mass grade (A, B and C). Univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations models were used to analyse survival, clinical pregnancy and live birth rate. A stepwise regression analysis was conducted to select and classify by order which outcomes were the most predictive.The odds of survival increased almost twice for …

Adult0301 basic medicineClinical pregnancyStepwise regression analysisBiologyAndrology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePregnancymedicineHumansInner cell massBlastocystBirth RateGeneralized estimating equationreproductive and urinary physiologyRetrospective StudiesCryopreservation030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineBlastocyst TransferObstetrics and GynecologyEmbryoEmbryo TransferVitrificationBlastocyst030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive Medicineembryonic structuresFemaleLive birthDevelopmental BiologyReproductive BioMedicine Online
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