Search results for "Emerging"
showing 10 items of 640 documents
Flash glucose monitoring reduces glycemic variability and hypoglycemia: real-world data from Spain.
2020
ObjectiveObservations in real-world settings support and extend findings demonstrated in randomized controlled trials that show flash glucose monitoring improves glycemic control. In this study, Spain-specific relationships between testing frequency and glycemic parameters were investigated under real-world settings.Research design and methodsDeidentified glucose and user scanning data were analyzed and readers were rank ordered into 20 equal sized groups by daily scan frequency. Glucose parameters were calculated for each group: estimated HbA1c, time below range (<70 and ≤54 mg/dL), within range (70–180 mg/dL), and above range (>180 mg/dL). Glycemic variability (GV) metrics were desc…
The gut microbiota: An emerging risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease
2018
Commensal gut microbiota have recently been implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cerebrovascular disease. Atherosclerotic plaque formation depends on the colonization status of the host. In addition to host nutrition and the related microbiota-dependent metabolic changes, activation of innate immune pathways triggers the development of atherosclerosis and supports arterial thrombosis. Gnotobiotic mouse models have uncovered that activation of Toll-like receptor-2 by gut microbial ligands supports von Willebrand factor-integrin mediated platelet deposition to the site of vascular injury. Depending on nutritional factors, the microbiota-derived choline-metabolite trimethylamine N-ox…
Phenotype/Genotype Relationship in Left Ventricular Noncompaction: Ion Channel Gene Mutations Are Associated With Preserved Left Ventricular Systolic…
2021
International audience; Background: Few data exist concerning genotype-phenotype relationships in left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC).Methods and results: From a multicenter French Registry, we report the genetic and clinical spectrum of 95 patients with LVNC, and their genotype-phenotype relationship. Among the 95 LVNC, 45 had at least 1 mutation, including 14 cases of mutation in ion channel genes. In a complementary analysis including 16 additional patients with ion channel gene mutations, for a total of 30 patients with ion channel gene mutation, we found that those patients had higher median LV ejection fraction (60% vs 40%; P < .001) and more biventricular noncompaction (53.1% vs 18…
How credit ratings affect sovereign credit risk: cross-border evidence in Latin American emerging markets
2017
This article builds upon previous literature by providing a better understanding of how contagion changes in bordering sovereign CDS emerging markets resulting from credit rating events. To that end, we follow the novel GVAR methodology using data from six Latin American emerging countries during an extensive sample period from 2004 to 2014. Our findings show evidence for the existence of significant and asymmetric cross-border effects. In particular, a competition effect is observed before the event occurs, indicating that non-event countries suffer (benefit) from upgrades (downgrades) in Brazil, Mexico and Chile (in Argentina and Brazil). In contrast, an imitation effect is observed after…
Do sovereign ratings cause instability in cross-border emerging CDS markets?
2020
We analyse the cross-border transmission effect of credit ratings on sovereign CDSs covering a broad sample of emerging countries during the period 2004 to 2015. This study differentiates between the spillover and competition effects between and within geographical areas of emerging countries. We find substantial evidence of cross-border effects with asymmetric responses to upgrades and downgrades. The market reaction differs across regions, reflecting how the international and local impact of rating events are due to different types of effects. At the international portfolio level, the competitive effect is dominant over the spillover effect. Negative events in Asia benefit Africa (which i…
Single-Cell Analysis of RNA Virus Infection Identifies Multiple Genetically Diverse Viral Genomes within Single Infectious Units
2015
Summary Genetic diversity enables a virus to colonize novel hosts, evade immunity, and evolve drug resistance. However, viral diversity is typically assessed at the population level. Given the existence of cell-to-cell variation, it is critical to understand viral genetic structure at the single-cell level. By combining single-cell isolation with ultra-deep sequencing, we characterized the genetic structure and diversity of a RNA virus shortly after single-cell bottlenecks. Full-length sequences from 881 viral plaques derived from 90 individual cells reveal that sequence variants pre-existing in different viral genomes can be co-transmitted within the same infectious unit to individual cell…
Reverse electrodialysis heat-engine: Case studies of improving energy efficiency through recovery of low temperature excess heat
2018
Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) is a technology for generating electricity from the difference in salinity between two solutions. RED is usually applied to natural water streams with different salinities, like seawater vs. freshwater. In the RED Heat-to-Power project we explore the option of using artificial water solutions operating in a closed loop where the difference in salinity is regenerated in a separation step powered by heat at temperature ranges between 60 and 100°C. We call this system Reverse Electrodialysis Heat Engine (RED HE). In this paper, first we summarise the possible system configurations and the overall amount of excess heat available in Europe for powering the RED HE pr…
Venezuela's humanitarian crisis, resurgence of vector-borne diseases, and implications for spillover in the region
2019
In the past 5–10 years, Venezuela has faced a severe economic crisis, precipitated by political instability and declining oil revenue. Public health provision has been affected particularly. In this Review, we assess the impact of Venezuela's health-care crisis on vector-borne diseases, and the spillover into neighbouring countries. Between 2000 and 2015, Venezuela witnessed a 359% increase in malaria cases, followed by a 71% increase in 2017 (411 586 cases) compared with 2016 (240 613). Neighbouring countries, such as Brazil, have reported an escalating trend of imported malaria cases from Venezuela, from 1538 in 2014 to 3129 in 2017. In Venezuela, active Chagas disease transmission has be…
Dominance and leadership in research activities: Collaboration between countries of differing human development is reflected through authorship order…
2017
Introduction Scientific collaboration is an important mechanism that enables the integration of the least developed countries into research activities. In the present study, we use the order of author signatures and addresses for correspondence in scientific publications as variables to analyze the interactions between countries of very high (VHHD), high (HHD), medium (MHD), and low human development (LHD). Methodology We identified all documents published between 2011 and 2015 in journals included in the Science Citation Index-Expanded categories’ of Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, and Pediatrics. We then classified the countries participating in the publications acco…
China Spillovers: New Evidence from Time-Varying Estimates
2017
The recent ârebalancingâ of Chinaâs economy has raised concerns that the countryâs growth slowdown may have large global implications. This note looks at this issue by analyzing the effects of Chinaâs growth shocks on the output of other countries and how these effects have changed over time. Estimates indicate that the magnitude of Chinaâs spillovers has steadily increased during the last two decades, but remains yet limited. Spillovers are larger in neighboring (Asian) countries and in emerging markets and developing economies. Trade linkages remain main transmission channels. In addition, a negative shock in China has (marginal) positive effects for net commodity importers wh…