Search results for "Employment"

Labour Market Institutions and Inflation Differentials in the EU

2015

Adopting a simple Phillips curve framework, we show that different labour market institutions across EU countries are associated with significant differences in the response of inflation to unemployment and exchange rate shocks. More wage coordination and higher union density flatten the Phillips curve and increase the inflation response to the real exchange rate, i.e. the exchange rate pass-through. In addition, using a new approach to the classification of goods and services as "traded" or "non-traded", we show that both these institutional effects are significantly stronger for the more exposed (traded) sector.

Wage Bargaining Centralization And Macroeconomic Performance: An Experimental Approach

2001

This paper experimentally analyzes the effect of wage bargaining centralization (WBC) on macroeconomic performance. Our theoretical benchmark comes from that developed by Cukierman and Lippi (1999) to investigate the joint effects of monetary policy and labor market institutions on unemployment and inflation. We focus on the implications of two well known effects related to the degree of WBC: the competitive effect and the strategic effect. To do so we established a simple wage setting mechanism based on the existence of assorted levels of WBC measured by the number of unions in the labor market. In the three control treatments, unions' welfare and monetary rewards depend only on unemployme…

Quantum macroeconomics: A tribute to Bernard Schmitt

2016

Bernard Schmitt, the founder of quantum macroeconomics, died on 26 March 2014. His legacy concerns the discovery of the logical laws of monetary macroeconomics and extends to the explanation of the origin and nature of economic and financial crises. Starting from a novel conception of bank money, he was able to show that economics is founded on true macroeconomic laws, which take the form of logical identities. This paper is a brief and necessarily incomplete introduction to the main themes of Schmitt's macroeconomic analysis. It ranges from the distinction between money and income that lies at the hearth of his theory of the circuit, to the investigation of inflation and unemployment as pa…

Terrorists Tend to Target Innocent Tourists

2015

Over last decades, policy makers in tourism and hospitality acknowledged that terrorism was the worse threat to tourism and West because of many reasons. Terrorism not only affects seriously economies generating unemployment and stagnation in international demand, but also triggers an escalation of violence where all advertisement efforts are backfired. Nevertheless, this essay review explores the historical roots of modern tourism and worker unions to see the point of connection between both. What beyond the boundaries of society is called terrorist attack, inside is named “strike”. This review reminds that the origin of terrorism has been coined in West, as a result of capitalism expansio…

Mobilités internationales des diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur français en phase d'insertion professionnelle : effets sur leurs débuts de carrièr…

2008

International mobility by French higher education graduates on entering the labour market: is it worth it once they return home?The construction of European graduate labour market, through increased international graduate mobility, cannot take place without it appearing beneficial forgraduates. Indeed, all types of mobility have a cost, even if the latter is not always financial (leaving family, adapting to a new environment, etc.). Moreover, we can wonder whether graduates employment prospects actually improve thanks to international mobility. Using the Céreq « Génération 98 » survey, our first results show that international mobility on entering the labour market appears to be rare. Final…

Educated for migration? Blind spots around labor market conditions, competence building, and international mobility

2018

Young European graduates are crossing borders to work abroad more often than in the past. This trend is particularly evident in Southern Europe, where recent economic downturn has significantly diminished professional opportunities and career prospects. This study will investigate Spain, a country where unemployment has increased dramatically since 2008, as a case study to examine recent graduate’s experiences to develop a professional career in Germany. In particular, this study will draw upon various sources: official statistics; review literature; and education and training policies throughout the European Union. The investigation features an interview with Spanish graduates working in …

Search in the labour markets : empirical evidence of the role of technology and sanctions

2014

The History of Jobless Italy

2018

This article provides an overall look at the history of unemployment in Italy from unification up to the present day, including the changes in the many different economic, social and political aspects of the phenomenon. At the time of Italian unification, people's notions were still rather vague as to who the unemployed actually were. Between the end of the Nineteenth century and the First World War, for the first time, it became evident that responsibility needed to be taken for involuntary joblessness as a political and social problem. However, it was only after fascism and the tragedy of the Second World War that the entire Italian legal system was rebuilt around the principle of the rig…

Who turns to entrepreneurship later in life? - Push and pull in Finnish rural and urban areas

2014

Age is an important factor in entrepreneurship. The paths into entrepreneurship at a later age may be varied. Self-employment in later life may be either a form of partial retirement or a career option. Older individuals may also be pushed into self-employment. The focus of this paper is on the career choices of older individuals and their background motivations in Finland. The purpose is to analyse the factors and motives in terms of the push and pull dichotomy that lead individuals to enter self-employment at older ages in different types of labour markets in Finland, viz., rural and urban areas. Although some studies have focused on transitions to self-employment among older workers, que…

Spatial mismatch through local public employment agencies Answers from a French quasi-experiment Spatial Mismatch through Local Public Employment Age…

2015

Using the unanticipated creation of a new agency in the French region of Lyon as a quasi-natural experiment, we question whether distance to local public employment agencies (LPEAs) is a new channel for spatial mismatch. Contrary to past evidence based on aggregated data and consistently with the spatial mismatch literature, we find no evidence of a worker/agency spatial mismatch, which pleads for a resizing of the French LPEA network. However, echoing with the literature on the institutional determinants of the local public employment agencies' efficiency, we do find detrimental institutional transitory effects.