Search results for "Encyclopedia"

Condensation and thermalization of classsical optical waves in a waveguide

2011

http://pra.aps.org/; International audience; We consider the long-term evolution of a random nonlinear wave that propagates in a multimode optical waveguide. The optical wave exhibits a thermalization process characterized by an irreversible evolution toward an equilibrium state. The tails of the equilibrium distribution satisfy the property of energy equipartition among the modes of the waveguide. As a consequence of this thermalization, the optical field undergoes a process of classical wave condensation, which is characterized by a macroscopic occupation of the fundamental mode of the waveguide. Considering the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a confining potential, we formulate a wav…

The Norm of Neutrality in Collaborative Knowledge Construction

2017

Social media enabled collaboration at unprecedented levels. And while research points to the benefits of mass collaboration, it has also revealed challenges and problems. Here we explore biases in collaboratively constructed knowledge. To this end, we compared two online encyclopedias: Wikipedia and the extreme right-wing Metapedia. Both urge users to present topics from a neutral point of view. Using different measures we found that Metapedia articles (vs. Wikipedia articles) are significantly shorter, contain fewer references, contain relatively more anger- and anxiety-related words, rarely present more than one point of view in controversies, and often convey opinions – for inctance, by …

A Constructive Arboricity Approximation Scheme

2020

The arboricity \(\varGamma \) of a graph is the minimum number of forests its edge set can be partitioned into. Previous approximation schemes were nonconstructive, i.e., they approximate the arboricity as a value without computing a corresponding forest partition. This is because they operate on pseudoforest partitions or the dual problem of finding dense subgraphs.

Quantitative Analysis, InfraredUpdate based on the original article by Frederic Cadet,Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, © 2000, John Wiley & …

2012

Technical design report for the upgrade of the ALICE inner tracking system

2014

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is studying the physics of strongly interacting matter, and in particular the properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP), using proton–proton, proton–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions at the CERN LHC (Large Hadron Collider). The ALICE Collaboration is preparing a major upgrade of the experimental apparatus, planned for installation in the second long LHC shutdown in the years 2018–2019. A key element of the ALICE upgrade is the construction of a new, ultra-light, high- resolution Inner Tracking System (ITS) based on monolithic CMOS pixel detectors. The primary focus of the ITS upgrade is on improving the performance for detection of heavy-flavour…

HIV-Infected Children and Nutrition: The Friend and The Foe

2019

The impact of nutrition on HIV-infected children has been evaluated in multiple studies. Our review of the current trends of nutrition-related studies revealed that the focus has moved from simply the disease consequences of HIV to ensuring that antiretroviral therapy-treated children are well nourished to ensure growth and development. This update aims to present the state of the art regarding nutrition of HIV-infected children and the real potential for nutrition to serve as a dynamic therapy in this group. Recent World Health Organization reports indicate that the HIV/AIDS disease is curbing in incidence worldwide despite the high 1.8 million children, less than 15 years, reported in 201…

Mejora de la calidad, la gestión y la difusión de RELIEVE

2014

Se plantean los principales procesos y proyectos de RELIEVE planteados para la mejora de la calidad editorial de la revista en la nueva etapa, tras la reestructuración del equipo gestor. Entre los retos más relevantes destacan la automatización de la gestión de la revista, la ampliación de su difusión internacional con la edición bilingu?e de los artículos y la edición colegiada mediante Editores de Sección  expertos en los diversos ámbitos de contenido de la revista.

Six-Step Gram-Scale Synthesis of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Integrase Inhibitor Dolutegravir Sodium

2021

This is the accepted manuscript version of the work published in its final form as Dietz, Jule-Philipp; Lucas, Tobias; Groß, Jonathan; Seitel, Sebastian; Brauer, Jan; Ferenc, Dorota; Gupton, B. Frank; Opatz, Till. Organic Process Research & Development; Volume: 25; Issue: 11; Pages: 1898-1910; https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00139. Deposited by shareyourpaper.org and openaccessbutton.org. We've taken reasonable steps to ensure this content doesn't violate copyright. However, if you think it does you can request a takedown by emailing help@openaccessbutton.org.

The effect of publishing peer review reports on referee behavior in five scholarly journals

2019

To increase transparency in science, some scholarly journals are publishing peer review reports. But it is unclear how this practice affects the peer review process. Here, we examine the effect of publishing peer review reports on referee behavior in five scholarly journals involved in a pilot study at Elsevier. By considering 9,220 submissions and 18,525 reviews from 2010 to 2017, we measured changes both before and during the pilot and found that publishing reports did not significantly compromise referees’ willingness to review, recommendations, or turn-around times. Younger and non-academic scholars were more willing to accept to review and provided more positive and objective recommend…

Didactics of ICT in Secondary Education: Conceptual Issues and Practical Perspectives

2009

Article published in the journal: Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology. Also available from the publisher: http://iisit.org/Vol6/IISITv6p153-178Hadjerrouit605.pdf While there is a huge research literature on the field of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) as a tool in teaching and learning, there is much less research on the area of ICT as a subject or similar designations such as school informatics. As a result, there is a lack of theoretical grounding of the didactics of ICT and associated teaching and learning processes. One of the main reasons for the lack of theoretical underpinnings of the didactics of ICT is that there have been in the past and there per…