Search results for "Endocrine System"
showing 10 items of 1530 documents
Pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes
2018
Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents impaired carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy and is characterized by progressive insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia. If inadequately treated, it may lead to fetal macrosomia and other adverse outcomes. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize the current evidence from studies on the use of insulin and other agents for the treatment of women with GDM. Expert opinion: Lifestyle management is of paramount importance for the treatment of GDM. In pharmacotherapy, insulin remains the long-established mainstay of treatment. NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) and soluble human insulin have long been estab…
The Morphology of Hormone Induced Structural Changes in the Female Breast
1970
Many morphological, physiological, and biochemical investigations have contributed to the classification of the endocrine regulatory mechanisms responsible for development and function of the mammary gland. These studies received their crucial impetus when the synthesis of the sex hormones had been achieved and from their experimental use. The history of the use of these drugs is thus also the history of the concept of control of the mammary gland by hormones. The individual factors and combinations of factors responsible for the normal growth of the glandular structure of the mammary gland, for its secretory function, and for its pathomorphology have been elucidated by systematic studies. …
Stress Hyperglycemia as Predictive Factor of Recurrence in Children with Febrile Seizures
2020
Stress hyperglycemia and hyperlactatemia are commonly referred to as markers of stress severity and poor outcome in children with severe acute illness or febrile seizures. Our prospective study aimed to explore the risk factors for stress hyperglycemia and the predictive value of stress hyperglycemia for febrile seizure recurrence. We evaluated as risk factors for blood glucose level, serum lactate, acid&ndash
Predictors of Central Compartment Involvement in Patients with Positive Lateral Cervical Lymph Nodes According to Clinical and/or Ultrasound Evaluati…
2021
Lymph node neck metastases are frequent in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Current guidelines state, on a weak level of evidence, that level VI dissection is mandatory in the presence of latero-cervical metastases. The aim of our study is to evaluate predictive factors for the absence of level VI involvement despite the presence of metastases to the lateral cervical stations in PTC. Eighty-eight patients operated for PTC with level II–V metastases were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Demographics, thyroid function, autoimmunity, nodule size and site, cancer variant, multifocality, Bethesda and EU-TIRADS, number of central and lateral lymph nodes removed, number of positive lymph n…
Acute heart failure due to giant left atrium: remote ECLS implantation for interhospital transfer and bridging to decision
2018
AbstractBackgroundRemote extracorporeal life support (ECLS) implantation and mobile ECLS are increasingly applied to enable the treatment of patients with refractory heart failure at specialized care centers. Giant left atrium (GLA) is a rare cause but may lead to acute and devastating heart failure.Case reportAcute heart failure that gave rise to a prolonged period of out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient who underwent remote ECLS implantation was found to have resulted from a GLA of impressive dimensions. There having no reasonable option for immediate surgical therapy, the patient was successfully bridged to recovery with a view to subsequent heart transplantation.Co…
HLA Class II Differentiates Between Thyroid and Polyglandular Autoimmunity.
2015
The HLA class II genes are susceptibility genes for autoimmune endocrine diseases; however, scarce data are available pertaining to the determinants of genetic susceptibility to polyglandular autoimmunity (PGA). A total of 300 consecutive and unselected patients with either PGA or monoglandular autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and 100 healthy control subjects were genotyped for the HLA class II DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 alleles. Compared to patients with AITD and controls, the HLA-DRB1*03 (pc =0.001), *04 (pc<0.001), -DQA1*03 (pc<0.001), and -DQB1*02 (pc =0.001) alleles were increased in patients with PGA. When dividing patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) into those with PGA (PGA-HT) v…
Compliance and arthralgias in clinical therapy (COMPACT): Assessment of the incidence of arthralgia, therapy costs, and compliance in the first year …
2012
e11040^ Background: Aromatase Inhibitors (AI) are well established as adjuvant endocrine treatment for postmenopausal women with HR+ early breast cancer (EBC). However, clinical trial data show higher frequently of arthralgia with AI than tamoxifen. As arthralgia may be greatly influencing compliance to adjuvant therapy, we designed a prospective trial to collect real world data on the effects of AI-associated arthralgia on patient compliance, patient outcomes and treatment costs of arthralgia. Methods: COMPACT is an open, prospective non-interventional study (NCT00857012) assessing the incidence of arthralgia, therapy costs, and compliance within the first year of adjuvant anastrozole (AN…
Häufigkeit, Altersabhängigkeit und Geschlechtsverteilung des Fersensporns
1995
In 1027 lateral radiograms of the ankle in a Caucasian population, 161 plantar and/or dorsal calcaneal spurs (15.7%) were diagnosed. Plantar spurs were more common than dorsal spurs (11.2 and 9.3% respectively). Prevalence of both spurs increases considerably with the rising age. Dorsal spurs appear slightly earlier than plantar spurs. The spur frequencies are similar in left and right feet. The plantar spurs were significantly (p < 0.0001) more common in women than in men in general, while dorsal spurs were more frequent in men than in women up to the age of 70. The previously reported higher frequencies of plantar and dorsal calcaneal spurs in women than in men are probably a result of a …
HLA class II haplotypes differentiate between the adult autoimmune polyglandular syndrome types II and III.
2013
Background: Genetics of the adult autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) is poorly understood. Aim: The aim of this study was to gain further insight into the genetics of the adult APS types. Site: The study was conducted at a university referral center. Methods: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles, haplotypes, and genotypes were determined in a large cohort of patients with APS, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), and type 1 diabetes and in healthy controls by the consistent application of high-resolution typing at a four-digit level. Results: Comparison of the allele and haplotype frequencies significantly discriminated patients with APS vs AITD and controls. The HLA class…
Fertility in McCune Albright syndrome female: A case study focusing on AMH as a marker of ovarian dysfunction and a literature review.
2021
Abstract Background The molecular basis of McCune Albright syndrome (MAS) is a recurrent GNAS Postzygotic gain of function sporadic mutation, resulting in a mosaic disease. Most of girls present precocious puberty, caused by the development of recurrent ovarian cysts with autonomous Hyperestrogenic stimulation. After menarche, the majority of patients with ovarian GNAS mutation have menstrual disturbances and infertility. Objectives We wanted to focus on the fertility of MAS females and propose an appropriate management, by a detailed case report and an exhaustive review of the literature on fertility and pregnancy in MAS females. Results We present the case of a 29-year-old MAS female, who…