Search results for "Endocrinology"
showing 10 items of 8907 documents
Melatonin Concentrations and Sleep Quality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
2019
Abstract There is a close relationship between melatonin as a circadian regulator and insulin, glucagon and somatostatin production. This study aimed to describe subgroups of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients that may benefit from melatonin clock-targeting properties. The study involved 38 participants: 26 T2DM patients, and 12 participants without diabetes in the control group. Subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Standard biochemical venous sample testing was performed, and a sample of saliva was collected for melatonin testing. Melatonin concentration in participants without obesity (body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2) was si…
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 supplementation restores altered vascular function in an experimental model of obese mice
2017
Aims. Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 improves metabolic and immunological altered functions in high fat fed mice, however little is known about the effects of potential probiotics on vascular reactivity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a potential probiotic strain, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765, on vascular response in obese mice. Methods. Aorta samples were obtained from mice, which were divided into three groups: a control group, receiving a standard diet; an obese group, receiving a high-fat diet; and an obese group receiving high-fat diet and a daily dose of B. pseudocatenulatum CECT 7765 by oral gavage. Aortic rings were suspend…
Lipoprotein Subfractions in Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Clinical Significance and Therapeutic Approaches
2013
Small, dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) represents an emerging cardiovascular risk factor, since these particles can be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) independently of established risk factors, including plasma lipids. Obese subjects frequently have atherogenic dyslipidaemia, including elevated sdLDL levels, in addition to elevated triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and apolipoprotein-B, as well as decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Obesity-related co-morbidities, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) are also characterized by dyslipidaemia. Therefore, agents that favourably modulate LDL subclasses may be of clinical value in t…
Fundamental movement skill proficiency and body composition measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in eight-year-old children
2014
Objective: The main aim was to examine the association between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and objectively measured body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods: Study of 304 eight-year-old children in Finland. FMS were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development, 2nd ed. (TGMD-2). Total body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal region fat percentage (AF%), and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by DXA. Waist circumference, height and weight were measured and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off values for BMI were used for the definition of healthy weight and overweight/obesity. Results: Better FMS proficiency (object-control, locomotor, total FMS…
Effet anti-obésité des CLA : mythe ou réalité ?
2005
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid. Inclusion of CLA in the diet provokes a rapid and marked decrease in body weight gain and adiposity in mice leading to a lipoatrophic syndrome. However, CLA supplementation raised fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations and was associated with severe insulin resistance and liversteatosis. Conflicting results have been reported with regard to reduction of fat mass in humans. We have reviewed the publish literature regarding the effect of CLA on body composition in humans and animal models. These studies indicate that t10-c12 was the isomer that reduced adipose fat storage, however it also increase…
Two‐year effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on control of eating in adults with overweight/obesity: STEP 5
2023
Background: The STEP 5 trial (NCT03693430) investigated once-weekly (OW) subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg vs placebo for the treatment of overweight/obesity in adults over 2 years. Methods: Adults w ith B MI ≥ 3 0 k g/m2, or ≥27 kg/m2 and ≥ 1 weight-related comorbidity, without diabetes, were randomized 1:1 to semaglutide 2.4 mg OW or placebo for 104 weeks. Co-primary endpoints related to body weight (BW) changes. Control of eating questionnaire (CoEQ) was assessed in a subgroup from Canada/USA, with scores from 19 individual items grouped into 4 domains: craving control, craving for savory, craving for sweet, or positive mood. P values for exploratory CoEQ data are unadjusted for multiplici…
Obesity and diabetes-Not only a simple link between two epidemics
2018
Summary Diabetes (DM) as well as obesity, due to their increasing incidence, were recognized as epidemic by the World Health Organization. Obesity is involved not only in the aetiopathogenesis of the most common worldwide type of DM—type 2 diabetes—but also in the development of its complications. There is also increasing scientific evidence regarding the role of obesity and overweight in type 1 diabetes. Weight gain may be considered as a complication of insulin treatment but also reveals significant pathophysiological impact on various stages of the disease. Another very important aspect related to DM as well as obesity is the microbiome, which is highly variable. The function of the gut …
Increased dosage of Ink4/Arf protects against glucose intolerance and insulin resistance associated with aging
2013
Recent genome-wide association studies have linked type-2 diabetes mellitus to a genomic region in chromosome 9p21 near the Ink4/Arf locus, which encodes tumor suppressors that are up-regulated in a variety of mammalian organs during aging. However, it is unclear whether the susceptibility to type-2 diabetes is associated with altered expression of the Ink4/Arf locus. In the present study, we investigated the role of Ink4/Arf in age-dependent alterations of insulin and glucose homeostasis using Super-Ink4/Arf mice which bear an extra copy of the entire Ink4/Arf locus. We find that, in contrast to age-matched wild-type controls, Super-Ink4/Arf mice do not develop glucose intolerance with agi…
[177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE and [131I]MIBG Phenotypic Imaging-Based Therapy in Metastatic/Inoperable Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: Comparative Result…
2022
PurposeThe aim of the study is to assess phenotypic imaging patterns and the response to treatment with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE and/or [131I]MIBG in paragangliomas (PGLs) and pheochromocytomas (PHEOs), globally and according to the primary location.MethodsThis is a 17-patient retrospective observational study, with 9 cases treated with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE and 8 with [131I]MIBG (37 total treatments). Functional imaging scans and treatment responses were studied in order to choose the best therapeutic option and to define the progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate (DCR) according to treatment modality and primary location.ResultsAll patients were studied with phenotypic nuclear …
Motor Transitions' Peculiarity of Heterozygous DAT Rats When Offspring of an Unconventional KOxWT Mating.
2020
Abstract Causal factors of psychiatric diseases are unclear, due to gene × environment interactions. Evaluation of consequences, after a dopamine-transporter (DAT) gene knock-out (DAT-KO), has enhanced our understanding into the pathological dynamics of several brain disorders, such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Bipolar-Affective disorders. Recently, our attention has shifted to DAT hypo-functional (heterozygous, HET) rodents: HET dams display less maternal care and HET females display marked hypo-locomotion if cared by HET dams (Mariano et al., 2019). We assessed phenotypes of male DAT-heterozygous rats as a function of their parents: we compared “maternal” origin (MAT-HET, obtain…