Search results for "Endothelial Cell"
showing 10 items of 497 documents
Paraoxonase-2 Reduces Oxidative Stress in Vascular Cells and Decreases Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Induced Caspase Activation
2007
Background— In the vascular system, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produce oxidative stress and predispose to the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is important to understand the systems producing and those scavenging vascular ROS. Here, we analyzed the ROS-reducing capability of paraoxonase-2 (PON2) in different vascular cells and its involvement in the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway known as the unfolded protein response. Methods and Results— Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting revealed that PON2 is equally expressed in vascular cells and appears in 2 distinct glycosylated isoforms. By determining intracellular ROS, we…
Acute cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects after l-Pam exposure in different cocultures of the proximal and distal respiratory system.
2009
Abstract Sulphur and nitrogen mustard are strong alkylating agents which can cause after inhalation acute lung injury in the larynx, trachea and large bronchi and can lead to alveolar edema. In our study we tested the N-Lost l -Phenylalanine Mustard ( l -Pam). Therefore we seeded the alveolar type II cell line NCI H441 on the upper membrane of a Transwell filter plate and the endothelial cell line ISO-Has-1 on the lower side of the membrane for the alveolar model and combined the human bronchial explant-outgrowth cells and fibroblasts in the bronchial model and exposed both models with various concentrations of l -Pam. Treatment with l -Pam led to a concentration-dependent decrease of the t…
Exosomes from metastatic cancer cells transfer amoeboid phenotype to non-metastatic cells and increase endothelial permeability: their emerging role …
2017
AbstractThe goal of this study was to understand if exosomes derived from high-metastatic cells may influence the behavior of less aggressive cancer cells and the properties of the endothelium. We found that metastatic colon cancer cells are able to transfer their amoeboid phenotype to isogenic primary cancer cells through exosomes, and that this morphological transition is associated with the acquisition of a more aggressive behavior. Moreover, exosomes from the metastatic line (SW620Exos) exhibited higher ability to cause endothelial hyperpermeability than exosomes from the non metastatic line (SW480Exos). SWATH-based quantitative proteomic analysis highlighted that SW620Exos are signific…
In Situ Detection of Phosphorylated Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor β Using a Generalized Proximity Ligation Method
2007
Improved methods are needed for in situ characterization of post-translational modifications in cell lines and tissues. For example, it is desirable to monitor the phosphorylation status of individual receptor tyrosine kinases in samples from human tumors treated with inhibitors to evaluate therapeutic responses. Unfortunately the leading methods for observing the dynamics of tissue post-translational modifications in situ, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, exhibit limited sensitivity and selectivity. Proximity ligation assay is a novel method that offers improved selectivity through the requirement of dual recognition and increased sensitivity by including DNA amplification as a…
Proteomic Profiling of Secreted Proteins for the Hematopoietic Support of Interleukin-Stimulated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
2013
Human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) secrete a number of factors that greatly impact the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). These factors remain largely unknown. Here, we report on the most comprehensive proteomic profiling of the HUVEC secretome and identified 827 different secreted proteins. Two hundred and thirty-one proteins were found in all conditions, whereas 369 proteins were identified only under proinflammatory conditions following IL-1β, IL-3, and IL-6 stimulation. Thirteen proteins including complement factor b (CFb) were identified only under IL-1β and IL-3 conditions and may potentially represent HSPC prolifer…
C7 is expressed on endothelial cells as a trap for the assembling terminal complement complex and may exert anti-inflammatory function.
2009
AbstractWe describe a novel localization of C7 as a membrane-bound molecule on endothelial cells (ECs). Data obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blot analysis, Northern blot analysis, and mass spectrometry revealed that membrane-associated C7 (mC7) was indistinguishable from soluble C7 and was associated with vimentin on the cell surface. mC7 interacted with the other late complement components to form membrane-bound TCC (mTCC). Unlike the soluble SC5b-9, mTCC failed to stimulate ECs to express adhesion molecules, to secrete IL-8, and to induce albumin leakage through a monolayer of ECs, and more importantly protected ECs from the proinf…
FVIII production by human lung microvascular endothelial cells
2006
While extrahepatic factor VIII (FVIII) synthesis suffices for hemostasis, the extrahepatic production sites are not well defined. We therefore investigated the ability of the human lungs to produce FVIII. Lungs from heart-beating donors who were declined for transplantation were perfused and ventilated in an isolated reperfusion model for 2 hours. A progressive accumulation of FVIII and von Willebrand factor (VWF) was recorded in the perfusion medium in 3 of 4 experiments. By contrast, factor V, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels remained constant during the perfusion period, indicating that the accumulation of FVIII and VWF was not due to diffusion from the intercellular medium …
CD34+ progenitor to endothelial cell transition in post-pneumonectomy angiogenesis.
2012
In many species, pneumonectomy triggers compensatory lung growth that results in an increase not only in lung volume, but also in alveolar number. Whether the associated alveolar angiogenesis involves the contribution of blood-borne progenitor cells is unknown. To identify and characterize blood-borne progenitor cells contributing to lung growth after pneumonectomy in mice, we studied wild-type and wild-type/green fluorescence protein (GFP) parabiotic mice after left pneumonectomy. Within 21 days of pneumonectomy, a 3.2-fold increase occurred in the number of lung endothelial cells. This increase in total endothelial cells was temporally associated with a 7.3-fold increase in the number of …
Circulating haemopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells are decreased in COPD
2006
Circulating CD34+ cells are haemopoietic progenitors that may play a role in tissue repair. No data are available on circulating progenitors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Circulating CD34+ cells were studied in 18 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD (age: mean+/-sd 68+/-8 yrs; forced expiratory volume in one second: 48+/-12% predicted) and 12 controls, at rest and after endurance exercise. Plasma concentrations of haematopoietic growth factors (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) ligand, kit ligand), markers of hypoxia (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) and stimulators of angiogenesis (VEGF, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)) and markers of systemic inflammation (tu…
Pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of anderson–fabry disease and possible new molecular addressed therapeutic strategies
2021
Anderson–Fabry disease (AFD) is a rare disease with an incidenceof approximately 1:117,000 male births. Lysosomal accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) is the element characterizing Fabry disease due to a hereditary deficiency α-galactosidase A (GLA) enzyme. The accumulation of Gb3 causes lysosomal dysfunction that compromises cell signaling pathways. Deposition of sphingolipids occurs in the autonomic nervous system, dorsal root ganglia, kidney epithelial cells, vascular system cells, and myocardial cells, resulting in organ failure. This manuscript will review the molecular pathogenetic pathways involved in Anderson–Fabry disease and in its organ damage. Some studies reported that i…