Search results for "Endothelial Cell"
showing 10 items of 497 documents
Paradoxical effect of l-arginine: Acceleration of endothelial cell senescence
2009
We have recently shown that inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) accelerated endothelial cell (EC) senescence which was prevented by coincubation with L-arginine; however the effect of long-term treatment of l-arginine alone on senescence of ECs have not been investigated. Human ECs were cultured in medium containing different concentrations of L-arginine until senescence. L-Arginine paradoxically accelerated senescence indicated by inhibiting telomerase activity. Moreover, L-arginine decreased NO metabolites, increased peroxynitrite, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) formation. In old cells, the mRNA expression of human amino acid transporter (h…
Can Be miR-126-3p a Biomarker of Premature Aging? An Ex Vivo and In Vitro Study in Fabry Disease
2021
Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) characterized by lysosomal accumulation of glycosphingolipids in a wide variety of cytotypes, including endothelial cells (ECs). FD patients experience a significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population
Pharmacological prevention of eNOS uncoupling.
2013
Under physiological conditions, nitric oxide (NO) is produced in the vasculature mainly by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). This endothelium-derived NO is a protective molecule with antihypertensive, antithrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus induce oxidative stress mostly by stimulation of the NADPH oxidase. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species leads to oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the essential cofactor of eNOS. In BH4 deficiency, oxygen reduction uncouples from NO synthesis, thereby converting eNOS to a superoxide- producing enzyme. Consequently, NO …
Shedding of Membrane Vesicles Mediates Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Release from Cells
2003
Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), a polypeptide with regulatory activity on cell growth and differentiation, lacks a conventional secretory signal sequence, and its mechanism of release from cells remains unclear. We characterized the role of extracellular vesicle shedding in FGF-2 release. Viable cells released membrane vesicles in the presence of serum. However, in serum-free medium vesicle shedding was dramatically down-regulated, and the cells did not release FGF-2 activity into their conditioned medium. Addition of serum to serum-starved cells rapidly induced intracellular FGF-2 clustering under the plasma membrane and into granules that colocalized with patches of the cell membrane …
Oxidative stress-driven expression of myeloperoxidase in endothelial cells results in accumulation of markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress in …
2009
Endothelial cells (ECs), are able to manage with higher concentrations of ROS as well as reactive nitrogen species, respect to the other cell types. The unbalance between oxidizing species and antioxidant cellular defences has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. While the role of MPO in the oxidative burst is well established, the effects of this enzyme on endothelial biology have only recently come to light. MPO can interact with endothelial –derived NO causing its depletion and favouring its conversion to nitrogen dioxide radical, a compound responsible of protein nitration generating 3-nitrotyrosine. Moreover, MPO is the only enzyme capable to form hypoclorous…
Immunohistochemical and transcriptional expression of matrix metalloproteinases in full-term human umbilical cord and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelia…
2010
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular zinc-dependent endopeptidases involved in the degradation and remodelling of extracellular matrix in physiological and pathological processes. MMPs also have a role on cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Umbilical cord is a special organ subjected to many changes during pre-natal life and whose cells can maintain a certain degree of plasticity also in post-natal period; for example recently they have been used as a source of stem cells. In this work we investigated the expression of MMPs in human umbilical cord and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) though immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and …
eNOS Activation by HDL Is Impaired in Genetic CETP Deficiency.
2014
Mutations in the CETP gene resulting in defective CETP activity have been shown to cause remarkable elevations of plasma HDL-C levels, with the accumulation in plasma of large, buoyant HDL particles enriched in apolipoprotein E. Genetic CETP deficiency thus represents a unique tool to evaluate how structural alterations of HDL impact on HDL atheroprotective functions. Aim of the present study was to assess the ability of HDL obtained from CETP-deficient subjects to protect endothelial cells from the development of endothelial dysfunction. HDL isolated from one homozygous and seven heterozygous carriers of CETP null mutations were evaluated for their ability to down-regulate cytokine-induced…
Dye selection for live cell imaging of intact siRNA
2011
Abstract Investigations into the fate of small interfering RNA (siRNA) after transfection may unravel new ways to improve RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency. Because intracellular degradation of RNA may prevent reliable observation of fluorescence-labeled siRNA, new tools for fluorescence microscopy are warranted to cover the considerable duration of the RNAi effect. Here, the characterization and application of new fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) dye pairs for sensing the integrity of duplex siRNA is reported, which allows an assessment of the degradation status of an siRNA cell population by live cell imaging. A panel of high-yield fluorescent dyes has been investigated for …
LC–ESI–FT–MSn Metabolite Profiling of Symphytum officinale L. Roots Leads to Isolation of Comfreyn A, an Unusual Arylnaphthalene Lignan
2020
Preparations of comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) roots are used topically to reduce inflammation. Comfrey anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been proven in clinical studies. However, the bioactive compounds associated with these therapeutic activities are yet to be identified. An LC&ndash
Paracrine effect of membrane vesicles released by mouse mesoangioblast stem cells on non correlated cell types
2016
Introduction Mouse mesoangioblasts are vessel-associated multipotent progenitor stem cells, which are able to differentiate into different mesodermal cell types. In our previous paper we have demonstrated that these cells are able to shed in the extracellular environment membrane vesicles (EV), which contain both structural proteins and biological factors such as FGF2 and the two gelatinases MMP2/9. EV represent an important mediator of cell-to-cell communication and are involved in both autocrine and paracrine signalling. Interestingly, there is a bidirectional signalling exchange between stem cell EV and damaged cells. In particular, EV from injured cells can reprogram stem cells to acqui…