Search results for "Endurance"

Acute effects of fatigue to strength and power variables in edurance trained athletes

2015

The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to investigate how fatigue affects strength and power in endurance trained athletes. This thesis is written for the athletes, coaches and researchers in the field of sport. Total of 7 endurance athletes (age 23.3 years ± 1.3, height 174.7 cm ± 6.4, weight 66.5 kg ± 8.4) volunteered for the study, 4 male and 3 female. Hypotheses were that measured variables do not decrease after fatiguing protocol and that the potentiation may counteract fatigue. Fatigue was induced in a continuous maximal treadmill running, where speed was increased every five minutes by one km/h. When necessary, after 45 minutes of running, speed was increased every minute by one km/…

Effects of initial performance, gross efficiency and VO_2peak characteristics on subsequent adaptations to endurance training in competitive cyclists

2018

The present study investigated the effects of initial levels of cycling performance, peak oxygen uptake (www.frontiersin.orgO2peak) and gross efficiency (GE) on the subsequent adaptations of these variables and their relationship following high-intensity training (HIT) designed to increase www.frontiersin.orgO2peak in competitive cyclists. Sixty cyclists (www.frontiersin.orgO2peak = 61 ± 6 mL kg-1 min-1) were assigned a 12-week training program consisting of twenty-four supervised high-intensity interval training sessions and ad libitum low intensity training. GE was calculated at 125, 175, and 225 W and performance was determined by mean power during a 40-min time-trial (Power40 min). In a…

Analysis of ultra-triathlon performances

2011

Romuald Lepers1, Beat Knechtle2,3, Patrizia Knechtle2, Thomas Rosemann2 1INSERM U887, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; 2Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Switzerland; 3Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland Abstract: Despite increased interest in ultra-endurance events, little research has examined ultra-triathlon performance. The aims of this study were: (i) to compare swimming, cycling, running, and overall performances in three ultra-distance triathlons, double Ironman distance triathlon (2IMT) (7.6 km swimming, 360 km cycling, and 84.4 km running), triple Ironman distance triathlon (3IMT) (11.…

High-intensity endurance training increases nocturnal heart rate variability in sedentary participants

2015

The effects of endurance training on endurance performance characteristics and cardiac autonomic modulation during night sleep were investigated during two 4-week training periods. After the first 4-week training period (3 x 40 min per week, at 75% of HRR) the subjects were divided into HIGH group (n = 7), who performed three high-intensity endurance training sessions per week; and CONTROL group (n = 8) who did not change their training. An incremental treadmill test was performed before and after the two 4-week training periods. Furthermore, nocturnal RR-intervals were recorded after each training day. In the second 4-week training period HIGH group increased their VO2max (P = 0.005) more …

Exercise effects on cardiovascular disease: from basic aspects to clinical evidence.

2021

Contains fulltext : 283453.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of major morbidity and CVD- and all-cause mortality in most of the world. It is now clear that regular physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) induces a wide range of direct and indirect physiologic adaptations and pleiotropic benefits for human general and CV health. Generally, higher levels of PA, ET, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are correlated with reduced risk of CVD, including myocardial infarction, CVD-related death, and all-cause mortality. Although exact details regarding the ideal doses of ET, including resistance and, especially, aerobi…

Effects of marathon fatigue on running kinematics and economy

2007

International audience; The influence of marathon fatigue on both running kinematics and economy was investigated with 8 subjects. The measurements included a treadmill test at 3 steady submaximal speeds performed before and after the marathon. One complete left leg cycle was videotaped at 100 Hz from the left side at each speed. The analysis included contact time (braking and push-off') and flight time as well as displacements and angular velocities of the left hip and knee. This analysis was complemented by the measurements of the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the gastrocnemius muscle at each running velocity, and energy expenditure (E) of the last 30.s at the 2 slowest speeds. The …

Monitoring Training Adaptation With a Submaximal Running Test in Field Conditions

2016

Regular monitoring of adaptation to training is important for optimizing training load and recovery, which is the main factor in successful training. Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of a novel submaximal running test (SRT) in field conditions in predicting and tracking changes of endurance performance. Methods: Thirty-five endurance-trained men and women (age 20–55 y) completed the 18-wk endurance-training program. A maximal incremental running test was performed at weeks 0, 9, and 18 for determination of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and running speed (RS) at exhaustion (RSpeak) and lactate thresholds (LTs). In addition, the subjects performed weekly a 3-stage SRT including a …

Behaviour of the erythrocyte deformability and nitric oxide metabolites in unprofessional athletes

2009

Acute respiratory infections hamper training and competition in cross-country skiers, especially in those with asthma

2023

Acute respiratory infections (ARinf) are one of the leading causes that prevent athletes from training and competing. The aim of this study was to investigate the burden of ARinfs during one season among cross-country skiers. All Finnish cross-country skiers enrolled in the largest national competitions in winter 2019 (n = 1282) were sent a postal questionnaire. A higher proportion of skiers with than without asthma had to refrain from competitions because of ARinf (76.9% vs. 62.2%, p = 0.011) but there was no significant difference in refraining from training (91.2% vs. 83.8%, p = 0.084). In skiers with asthma, the median duration of a single ARinf episode was longer (5.0 days, IQR 3.8–6.8…

Risk of Low Energy Availability, Disordered Eating, Exercise Addiction, and Food Intolerances in Female Endurance Athletes

2022

Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) is a complex syndrome describing health and performance consequences of low energy availability (LEA) and is common among female endurance athletes. Various underlying causes of LEA have been reported, including disordered eating behavior (DE), but studies investigating the association with exercise addiction and food intolerances are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between DE, exercise addiction and food intolerances in athletes at risk of LEA compared to those with low risk. Female endurance athletes, 18–35 years, training ≥5 times/week were recruited in Norway, Sweden, Ireland, and Ge…