Search results for "Engineering"

showing 10 items of 44231 documents

Cathodic Corrosion of Metal Electrodes—How to Prevent It in Electroorganic Synthesis

2021

The critical aspects of the corrosion of metal electrodes in cathodic reductions are covered. We discuss the involved mechanisms including alloying with alkali metals, cathodic etching in aqueous and aprotic media, and formation of metal hydrides and organometallics. Successful approaches that have been implemented to suppress cathodic corrosion are reviewed. We present several examples from electroorganic synthesis where the clever use of alloys instead of soft neat heavy metals and the application of protective cationic additives have allowed to successfully exploit these materials as cathodes. Because of the high overpotential for the hydrogen evolution reaction, such cathodes can contri…

010405 organic chemistrySide reactionchemistry.chemical_elementReviewGeneral ChemistryOverpotential010402 general chemistryElectrochemistryElectrosynthesis01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCorrosionCathodic protectionMetalchemistryChemical engineeringvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPlatinumChemical Reviews
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The [Pd(bipy)]2+ “merry-go-round”: Insights into the lability of the Pd–N bond

2009

Abstract Two tripods (1 and 2) featuring pyrimidinyl pendant arms have been synthesized from 5-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-pyrimidine (5) and 1,3,5-tribromomethylbenzene derivatives. Reaction with three equivalents of [Pd(bipy)](NO3)2 to form a macrotricycle closed by palladium coordination unexpectedly afforded the mononuclear species [Pd(1)(bipy)]2+ and [Pd(2)(bipy)]2+. These complexes show fluxional behavior on the 1H NMR timescale, the [Pd(bipy)]2+ fragment hopping between the pyrimidinyl coordinating moieties. The ΔGc‡’s estimated by the coalescence method are temperature independent, which means that ΔSc‡ = 0. This indicates that the “merry-go-round” process of [Pd(bipy)]2+ occurs intramolecula…

010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryChemistryLabilityGeneral Chemical Engineeringfluxionality[ CHIM.COOR ] Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryTemperature independentchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistrypalladium01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistry0104 chemical scienceschelatesN ligandsNucleophileProton NMRChelation[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUStripodal ligandsPalladium
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Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of novel diaminothiophene scaffolds as antitumor and anti-influenza virus agents. Part 2

2017

On the basis of high-throughput screening, fragment-based drug discovery, structure–activity relationships and building block analysis methods, herein we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of diethyl 2,5-diaminothiophene-3,4-dicarboxylate derivatives. All of the prepared Schiff bases (with mono-, di- and poly-substituents at the aromatic portion), mono- and bis-amides of diethyl 2,5-diaminothiophene-3,4-dicarboxylate, were evaluated against various human cancer and non-cancerous (only for active compounds) cell lines, as well as influenza A (subtypes FM/1/47/H1N1, hanfang/359/95/H3N2) and B (subtype jifang/13/97) viruses. The obtained results suggest that some …

010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryDrug discoveryChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringInfluenza aGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIn vitroVirus0104 chemical sciencesCell cultureHuman cancerAnalysis methodBiological evaluationRSC Advances
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Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies of poly(diethoxyphosphoryl)porphyrins

2011

Abstract The synthesis and electrochemical characterization of two related series of porphyrins bearing diethoxyphosphoryl groups are reported. One group of compounds is represented as (T( p -R)PP)M where R = phos = P(O)(OEt) 2 and M = Zn(II) or H 2 while the other is represented as (di( p -R)Pdi(phos)P)M where R = P(O)(OEt) 2 , H or CH 3 and M = Zn(II) or H 2 . Each porphyrin was investigated by electrochemistry and thin-layer spectroelectrochemistry in CH 2 Cl 2 , CDCl 3 , CHCl 3 or PhCN containing tetra- n -butylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) as supporting electrolyte. The highly electron-withdrawing P(O)(OEt) 2 groups lead to easier reductions and harder oxidations than the two comparison …

010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryGeneral Chemical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementProtonationZinc010402 general chemistryElectrochemistry01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryChemical synthesisPorphyrin0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryPerchloratechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTetraphenylporphyrinElectrochemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesTriphenylphosphine oxideComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Research Regarding the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Knits for Garments – Abrasion Resistance

2017

Abstract During wear, the fabric is subjected to a complex combination of forces acting at various rates, in various intensities, in various directions and for various periods. This is one of the main causes of a fabric and garment becoming unacceptable for further wear. The main goal of this research paper is to improve the physical-mechanical properties of knits for garments by choosing the right fabric structure and raw material. The abrasion resistance is a mechanical deterioration and progressive loss of substance from a fabric, resulting from the fabric rubbing against itself or another surface. Tests was done on weft knitted fabric for garments using cotton, wool and mixed yarns, thr…

010407 polymersEngineeringbusiness.industry02 engineering and technologyGeneral MedicineRaw material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyClothing01 natural sciencesFabric structure0104 chemical sciencesRubbingWoolComposite material0210 nano-technologybusinessProcedia Engineering
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Rigid Closed‐Cell PUR Foams Containing Polyols Derived from Renewable Resources: The Effect of Polymer Composition, Foam Density, and Organoclay Fill…

2017

010407 polymersFiller (packaging)020303 mechanical engineering & transportsMaterials science0203 mechanical engineeringPolymer compositionClosed cellOrganoclay02 engineering and technologyComposite material01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesRenewable resourceHandbook of Composites from Renewable Materials
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A delamination test for structural wood adhesives used in thick joints

2001

A test method was developed for the measurement of delamination of structural wood adhesives applied in thick joints. Large differences were observed within a range of 8 commercial epoxy-based products.

010407 polymersMaterials scienceAdhesive bondingJOINT[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]DelaminationForestry02 engineering and technologyTest methodEpoxy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesvisual_art[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials Science[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringAdhesiveComposite material0210 nano-technologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Theoretical study on the decomposition mechanism of bisphenol A polycarbonate induced by the combined effect of humidity and UV irradiation.

2020

Polycarbonate (PC) is a good material for covering and protecting cultural heritage sites because of its durability, mechanical properties, and transparency. When bisphenol A polycarbonate is subjected to weathering conditions this polymer shows several degradation processes depending on the irradiation wavelength, humidity and temperature. In particular, the combined effects of humidity and UV irradiation speed up the PC molecular weight reduction. In this work, the decomposition mechanisms associated to the hydrolysis process are scrutinized and the effects of UV irradiation on the hydrolysis process are evaluated throughout the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach. It was found that …

010407 polymersMaterials sciencePolymersUltraviolet Rays02 engineering and technologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesHydrolysisDFT modeling; hydrolysis process; polycarbonate; weathering degradationMaterials ChemistryIrradiationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolycarbonateBenzhydryl CompoundsSpectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationHumidityHumidityPolymerModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignDecomposition0104 chemical sciencespolycarbonatechemistryhydrolysis processvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDegradation (geology)Density functional theoryDFT modeling0210 nano-technologyweathering degradationJournal of molecular graphicsmodelling
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The effect of bone marrow-derived stem cells associated with platelet-rich plasma on the osseointegration of immediately placed implants

2020

Background Stem cells associated with growth factors have been shown to improve bone healing and the osseointegration of dental implants. A Brazilian miniature pig model was used to evaluate the effect of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) associated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the osseointegration of immediately placed dental implants. Material and methods A total of four male adult miniature pigs were used in this study. BM-MSCs from each pig were isolated from the iliac crest and expanded in vitro. The undifferentiated BM-MSCs were mixed with autologous PRP and implanted in the post-extraction sockets at the experimental sites before implant placement …

010407 polymersMiniature pigbiologyBone densitybusiness.industryResearchDentistry02 engineering and technologyBone healing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesIliac crestOsseointegration0104 chemical sciencesmedicine.anatomical_structurePlatelet-rich plasmaBiomaterials and Bioengineering in DentistryMedicineImplantBone marrow0210 nano-technologybusinessGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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The complementary structural studies of the double metal cyanide type catalysts for the ring opening polymerization of the oxiranes

2016

010407 polymersPolymers and PlasticsChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringCyanideInorganic chemistryDouble metal010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRing-opening polymerization0104 chemical sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryThermal analysisPolimery
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