Search results for "Entropy"

showing 10 items of 496 documents

Univariate and multivariate conditional entropy measures for the characterization of short-term cardiovascular complexity under physiological stress

2017

Objective: A defining feature of physiological systems under the neuroautonomic regulation is their dynamical complexity. The most common approach to assess physiological complexity from short-term recordings, i.e. to compute the rate of entropy generation of an individual system by means of measures of conditional entropy (CE), does not consider that complexity may change when the investigated system is part of a network of physiological interactions. This study aims at extending the concept of short-term complexity towards the perspective of network physiology, defining multivariate CE measures whereby multiple physiological processes are accounted for in the computation of entropy rates.…

MaleMultivariate statisticsAdolescentPhysiologyEntropyBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsDiastoleBlood Pressure030204 cardiovascular system & hematologynetwork physiologyCardiovascular Physiological PhenomenaEntropy estimation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinehead-up tiltHeart RateStress PhysiologicalPhysiology (medical)StatisticsHumansVagal toneMathematicsConditional entropymental streResting state fMRIRespirationModels CardiovascularUnivariateBlood pressureBiophysicSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaMultivariate AnalysisFemalecardiovascular variabilitycomplexity030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPhysiological Measurement
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Application of multivariant decision tree technique in high performance football: The female and male corner kick.

2019

The use of multidimensional statistical technique based on decision trees is of recent application in sports science. In the case of football, this technique has not yet been sufficiently proven. The aim of the present study was to search for different success models for the cor- ners in the FIFA World Cup 2014 and FIFA Women's World Cup 2015. For this, the statistical analysis focused on the search for classification models for the different criteria considered (shot, shot between the three posts and goal), based on the creation of different decision trees that allow the most important variables to be identified quickly and efficiently. For this, 1117 corners were collected between the two…

MaleMultivariate statisticsDecision AnalysisComputer scienceEntropyDonesSocial SciencesFootballcomputer.software_genreSystems Science0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesPsychologyEntropy (energy dispersal)MultidisciplinaryEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)PhysicsQStatisticsRSoftware EngineeringMenSports ScienceDynamical SystemsPhysical SciencesMedicineEngineering and TechnologyThermodynamicsFemaleGamesManagement EngineeringResearch ArticleSportsAdultComputer and Information SciencesSports scienceScienceDecision treeAthletic PerformanceMachine learningResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesEntropy (classical thermodynamics)SoccerEntropy (information theory)HumansWomenStatistical MethodsEntropy (arrow of time)Behaviorbusiness.industrySoftware ToolsDecision TreesOffensiveBiology and Life Sciences030229 sport sciencesMultiple criteria decision makingFutbolHomesPresa de decisions multicriteriRecreationArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsEntropy (order and disorder)ForecastingPloS one
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Comparison of short-term heart rate variability indexes evaluated through electrocardiographic and continuous blood pressure monitoring

2019

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis represents an important tool for the characterization of complex cardiovascular control. HRV indexes are usually calculated from electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings after measuring the time duration between consecutive R peaks, and this is considered the gold standard. An alternative method consists of assessing the pulse rate variability (PRV) from signals acquired through photoplethysmography, a technique also employed for the continuous noninvasive monitoring of blood pressure. In this work, we carry out a thorough analysis and comparison of short-term variability indexes computed from HRV time series obtained from the ECG and from PRV time series …

MaleSupine positionTime FactorsAdolescent0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringPhotoplethysmography (PPG)Time series analysis02 engineering and technologySettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingRobust regressionElectrocardiography (ECG)03 medical and health sciencesElectrocardiography0302 clinical medicineHeart RatePhotoplethysmogramStatisticsHeart rate variabilityHumansTime domainTime seriesPulseMathematicsConditional entropyBlood Pressure Determination020601 biomedical engineeringComputer Science ApplicationsPulse rate variability (PRV)Frequency domainSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaRegression AnalysisFemaleHeart rate variability (HRV)Continuous blood pressure (CBP)
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Linear and non-linear brain-heart and brain-brain interactions during sleep.

2015

In this study, the physiological networks underlying the joint modulation of the parasympathetic component of heart rate variability (HRV) and of the different electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms during sleep were assessed using two popular measures of directed interaction in multivariate time series, namely Granger causality (GC) and transfer entropy (TE). Time series representative of cardiac and brain activities were obtained in 10 young healthy subjects as the normalized high frequency (HF) component of HRV and EEG power in the δ, θ, α, σ, and β bands, measured during the whole duration of sleep. The magnitude and statistical significance of GC and TE were evaluated between each …

MaleTime FactorsAdolescentPhysiologyBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsInformation TheoryElectroencephalographyModels BiologicalSurrogate dataEntropy estimationElectrocardiographyYoung AdultHeart RatePhysiology (medical)StatisticsmedicineHeart rate variabilitymultivariate time serieHumansMathematicsmedicine.diagnostic_testDimensionality reductionLinear modeltransfer entropyBrainRegression analysisElectroencephalographySignal Processing Computer-Assistedphysiological networkBiophysicNonlinear DynamicsSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaMultivariate AnalysisLinear ModelsTransfer entropyBiological systemSleepPhysiological measurement
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Information dynamics in cardiorespiratory analyses: application to controlled breathing

2014

Voluntary adjustment of the breathing pattern is widely used to deal with stress-related conditions. In this study, effects of slow and fast breathing with a low and high inspiratory to expiratory time on heart rate variability (HRV) are evaluated by means of information dynamics. Information transfer is quantified both as the traditional transfer entropy as well as the cross entropy, where the latter does not condition on the past of HRV, thereby taking the highly unidirectional relation between respiration and heart rate into account. The results show that the cross entropy is more suited to quantify cardiorespiratory information transfer as this measure increases during slow breathing, i…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentEntropyBiologyYoung AdultHeart RateInternal medicineRespirationHeart ratemedicineHeart rate variabilityHumansVagal toneExpiratory TimeRespirationMedicine (all)digestive oral and skin physiologyCardiorespiratory fitnessHeartAnesthesiaSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaCardiologyTransfer entropyFemaleInformation dynamics
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Laboratory-Based Gait Variability and Habitual Gait Entropy Do Not Differentiate Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Those with Subjective Memory Co…

2019

Background: Age-related cognitive decline may be delayed with appropriate interventions if those at high risk can be identified prior to clinical symptoms arising. Gait variability assessment has emerged as a promising candidate prognostic indicator, however, it remains unclear how sensitive gait variability is to early changes in cognitive abilities. Research question: Do community-dwelling adults over 65 years of age with subjective memory complaints differ from those with no subjective memory concerns in terms of laboratory-measured or free-living gait variability? Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 24 (age = 73.5(SD 6.4) years) community-dwelling people with subjective memory…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyEntropyBiophysicsPsychological interventionSubjective memorygaitwearable03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationMemoryAccelerometrymedicineDementiaHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineCognitive DysfunctionCognitive declineGaitcognitive impairmentAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryscreeningactivityRehabilitationCognition030229 sport sciencesStride lengthmedicine.diseaseSample entropyCross-Sectional StudiesDementiaFemaleAnalysis of varianceIndependent LivingbusinessGait Analysishuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGaitposture
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Radiomics analysis of 18F-Choline PET/CT in the prediction of disease outcome in high-risk prostate cancer: an explorative study on machine learning …

2021

Objective: The aim of this study was (1) to investigate the application of texture analysis of choline PET/CT images in prostate cancer (PCa) patients and (2) to propose a machine-learning radiomics model able to select PET features predictive of disease progression in PCa patients with a same high-risk class at restaging. Material and methods: Ninety-four high-risk PCa patients who underwent restaging Cho-PET/CT were analyzed. Follow-up data were recorded for a minimum of 13 months after the PET/CT scan. PET images were imported in LIFEx toolbox to extract 51 features from each lesion. A statistical system based on correlation matrix and point-biserial-correlation coefficient has been impl…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyMachine learningcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCholineCorrelationMachine Learning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial IntelligencePositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCholine; Machine learning; Positron emission tomography computed tomography; Prostate cancer; Radiomics.Prospective StudiesEntropy (energy dispersal)Prospective cohort studySurvival analysisPET-CTbusiness.industryProstatic NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineLinear discriminant analysismedicine.diseasePrimary tumorFeature (computer vision)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiologyArtificial intelligenceNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinesscomputerMachine learning Positron emission tomography computed tomography Prostate cancer Radiomics Artificial Intelligence
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What makes music memorable? : Relationships between acoustic musical features and music-evoked emotions and memories in older adults

2021

Publisher: Public Library of Science; International audience; Music has a unique capacity to evoke both strong emotions and vivid autobiographical memories. Previous music information retrieval (MIR) studies have shown that the emotional experience of music is influenced by a combination of musical features, including tonal, rhythmic, and loudness features. Here, our aim was to explore the relationship between music-evoked emotions and music-evoked memories and how musical features (derived with MIR) can predict them both. Methods Healthy older adults (N = 113, age ≥ 60 years) participated in a listening task in which they rated a total of 140 song excerpts comprising folk songs and popular…

Malemusic perceptionEntropyEmotionsSocial Sciencesmusiikkipsykologiaregression analysismemoryCognitionLearning and MemoryMathematical and Statistical TechniquesElderlyPsychologymusic cognitionAged 80 and overmuistotPhysicsStatisticsQRMiddle AgedhumanitiesPhysical Sciences[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyThermodynamicsMedicineSensory PerceptionFemaleMusic perceptionRegression analysisikääntyneetResearch Article515 PsychologyMemory EpisodicSciencemusiikkiResearch and Analysis Methodsemotionsbehavioral disciplines and activitieselderlybioacousticsMemoryMusic cognitiontunteetAdultsHumansStatistical MethodsAgedmuisti (kognitio)Cognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesAcousticsAcoustic StimulationAge GroupsPeople and PlacesMental RecallCognitive SciencePerceptionPopulation GroupingsentropyBioacousticshuman activitiesMathematicsMusicNeuroscience
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Accelerating Causal Inference and Feature Selection Methods through G-Test Computation Reuse

2021

This article presents a novel and remarkably efficient method of computing the statistical G-test made possible by exploiting a connection with the fundamental elements of information theory: by writing the G statistic as a sum of joint entropy terms, its computation is decomposed into easily reusable partial results with no change in the resulting value. This method greatly improves the efficiency of applications that perform a series of G-tests on permutations of the same features, such as feature selection and causal inference applications because this decomposition allows for an intensive reuse of these partial results. The efficiency of this method is demonstrated by implementing it as…

Markov blanketMarkov blanketComputer sciencecomputation reuseConditional mutual informationComputationSciencePhysicsQC1-999QGeneral Physics and AstronomyContext (language use)Feature selectionInformation theoryAstrophysicsJoint entropyArticleG-testQB460-466feature selectionCausal inferencecausal inferenceAlgorithminformation theoryEntropy
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Al driven peculiarities of local coordination and magnetic properties in single phase Alx CrFeCoNi high entropy alloys

2021

The authors thank the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for the provision of access to synchrotron radiation facilities and allocation of synchrotron radiation at the PM2-VEKMAG, BAMline, and UE46_PGM-1 beamlines of BESSY II at HZB as well as measurement time for magnetometry at HZB CoreLab for Quantum Materials. A. S. acknowledges personal funding from CALIPSOplus project (the Grant Agreement no. 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020). The financial support for the VEKMAG project and the PM2-VEKMAG beamline by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Nos. BMBF 05K10PC2, 05K10WR1, 05K10KE1) and by HZB is cordially acknowledged by all co-author…

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyMagnetometer02 engineering and technologyReverse Monte CarloX-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD)01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSpectral linereverse Monte Carlolaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)high-entropy alloysMagnetic momentMagnetic circular dichroismHigh entropy alloyselement-specific spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsextended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)high entropy alloys ; reverse Monte Carlo ; magnetism ; element specific spectroscopy ; extended X ray absorption fine structure EXAFS ; X ray magnetic circular dichroism XMCDmagnetism:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]0210 nano-technology
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