Search results for "Environmental engineering"
showing 10 items of 2674 documents
Energy saving in airports by trigeneration. Part I: Assessing economic and technical potential
2006
Airports are very energy-intensive areas, because of the large buildings (both terminals and non-passengers areas) equipped with heating and air-conditioning systems, the high power demand for lighting and electric equipment and the energy requests from many facilities within the airport area. The contemporaneous and high demand for power and heat makes cogeneration to represent a viable solution for energy saving; in southern climate zones, however, combined heating, cooling and power (CHCP) systems can lead to even better results. This paper constitutes the first part of a work in two parts; starting from an analysis of typical energy demand profiles in airports, economical and technical …
Anaerobic thermophilic (55°C) treatment of TMP whitewater in reactors based on biomass attachment and entrapment
1999
Abstract Thermomechanical pulping (TMP) whitewater was treated in thermophilic (55°C) anaerobic laboratory-scale reactors using three different reactor configurations. In all reactors up to 70 % COD removals were achieved. The anaerobic hybrid reactor, composed of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and a filter, gave degradation rates up to 10 kg COD/m 3 d at loading rates of 15 kg COD/m 3 d and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.1 hours. The anaerobic multi-stage reactor, consisting of three compartments, each packed with granular sludge and carrier elements, gave degradation rates up to 9 kg COD/m 3 d at loading rates of 15–16 kg COD/m 3 d, and HRT down to 2.6 hours. Clogging and …
The Development of Resilience Management Guidelines to Protect Critical Infrastructures in Europe
2018
The capability to be resilient in the face of crises and disasters is a topic of highest political concern in Europe especially as far as critical infrastructures and urban environments are concerned. Critical infrastructures are systems or part of systems essential for the maintenance of vital societal functions, the disruption or destruction of which would have a significant impact on the well-being of people. Examples of them are transportation services, energy infrastructures, water and wastewater systems, health and emergency services, financial services, communication infrastructures, etc. The symposium focuses on the experience of four different projects funded under the Horizon 2020…
Start-up with or without inoculum? Analysis of an SMBR pilot plant.
2010
This study analysed a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) start-up with the purpose of determining the best conditions to carry it out. In order to do this, a hollow fibre membrane module was installed in a submerged configuration in a pilot aerobic reactor. The experiment was then divided in two phases, lasting 65 days each. During phase 1, the pilot plant was started-up without inoculum of activated sludge and no sludge, withdrawal was performed. Conversely, in phase 2, the MBR pilot plant was started-up with sludge inoculum and the sludge concentration was kept constant. In both phases, the volumetric loading rate applied to the pilot plant was kept constant. The authors analysed the di…
The Economic Impact of Restricted Water Supply: a Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
2007
Water problems are typically studied at the level of the river catchment. About 70% of all water is used for agriculture, and agricultural products are traded internationally. A full understanding of water use is impossible without understanding the international market for food and related products, such as textiles. The water embedded in commodities is called virtual water. Based on a general equilibrium model, we offer a method for investigating the role of water resources and water scarcity in the context of international trade. We run five alternative scenarios, analyzing the effects of water scarcity due to reduced availability of groundwater. This can be a consequence of physical con…
Green food processing: concepts, strategies, and tools
2019
Abstract One of the developmental aspects of food science is testing and adapting advanced technologies for food production, which save resources and improve food quality. More often than not, this includes technologies operating at lower temperatures, shorter time, and resulting in better preservation of the thermolabile compounds in the foods, as compared to conventional technologies. Nutritionally rich but thermally sensitive raw materials such as fruit, vegetables, meats, and others can particularly benefit from the application of such advanced food technologies. Technologies with the most tested potential for industrial implementation include nonthermal plasma, pulsed electric field, h…
Recovering coronavirus from large volumes of water
2021
The need for monitoring tools to better control the ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is extremely urgent and the contamination of water resources by excreted viral particles poses alarming questions to be answered. As a first step to overcome technical limitations in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 along the water cycle, we assessed the analytical performance of a dead end hollow fiber ultrafiltration coupled to different options for secondary concentrations to concentrate viral particles from large volume of spiked tap water, seawater and surface water together with two quantitative RT-qPCR detection kits. Spiking the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an enveloped virus surrogat…
Development and analysis of the Soil Water Infiltration Global database
2018
27 Pags.- 11 Tabls.- 8 Figs. © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Perspectives of operation of the Tajo-Segura Transfer (Spain): new rules of operation and the impulse of the desalination as replacement resource
2018
El Trasvase Tajo-Segura se ha convertido desde su inauguración en 1979 en una de las infraestructuras hidráulicas que más tensiones interterritoriales ha originado en España. A ello se une su valor estratégico para el desarrollo de las provincias del sureste peninsular, donde atiende consumos agrícolas y urbano-turísticos con grandes implicaciones sociales y económicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las causas y las consecuencias del funcionamiento del Trasvase Tajo-Segura con la reciente modificación de sus normas de explotación (límite de no trasvase cuando en los embalses de cabecera almacenen menos de 400 hm3) y el impulso de la desalinización en la cuenca receptora como susti…
Wild brown trout affected by historical mining in the Cévennes national park, France.
2011
8 pages; International audience; In the protected area of the Cévennes National Park (Southern France), 114 wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) were captured at six locations affected to different extents by historical mining and metallurgy dating from the Iron Age to Modern Times. Cadmium and lead in trout livers and muscles reflect high sediment contamination, although an age-related effect was also detected for hepatic metal concentrations. Lead isotope signatures confirm exposure to drainage from mining and metallurgical waste. Developmental instability, assessed by fluctuating asymmetry, is significantly correlated with cadmium and lead concentrations in trout tissues, suggesting th…