Search results for "Epidemiology"
showing 10 items of 4214 documents
Synthetic indicator of the impact of colorectal cancer screening programmes on incidence rates
2020
ObjectiveThe impact of a screening programme on colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in its target population depends on several variables, including coverage with invitations, participation rate, positivity rate of the screening test, compliance with an invitation to second-level assessment and endoscopists’ sensitivity. We propose a synthetic indicator that may account for all the variables influencing the potential impact of a screening programme on CRC incidence.DesignWe defined the ‘rate of advanced adenoma on the target population’ (AA-TAP) as the rate of patients who received a diagnosis of advanced adenoma within a screening programme, divided by the programme target population. We com…
Rural–urban differences in the long-term risk of colorectal cancer after adenoma removal: A population-based study
2013
Abstract Background We investigated the impact of municipality of residence on colonoscopic surveillance and colorectal cancer risk after adenoma resection in a French well-defined administrative area. Methods This registry-based study included all patients residing in Cote d’Or (n = 5769) first diagnosed with colorectal adenomas between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 1999. Information about colonoscopic surveillance and colorectal cancer incidence was collected until December 31, 2003. Results A rural place of residence reduced the probability of colonoscopic surveillance in men [HR = 0.89 (95%CI: 0.79–0.99), p = 0.041] and in patients without family history of colorectal cancer [HR = 0…
Relation between health literacy, self-care and adherence to treatment with oral anticoagulants in adults: a narrative systematic review
2018
Background Oral anticoagulants (OAC) are widely used in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, for optimal OAC self-care patients must have skills, among which health literacy (HL) is highlighted. We aimed to describe the relation between HL and self-care in cardiovascular patients on OAC treatment. Methods Electronic searches were carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SciELO, IME-Biomedicina, CUIDEN Plus and LILACS databases, limited to Spanish and English language and between January 2000–December 2016. Papers reported on adults older than 18 years, taking OAC by themselves for at least three months. PRISMA guidelines were used for p…
Influence of Guideline Operationalization on Youth Activity Prevalence in the International Children's Accelerometry Database
2022
Introduction: The United Kingdom and World Health Organization recently changed their youth physical activity (PA) guidelines from 60 minutes of moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) every day, to an average of 60 minutes of MVPA per day, over a week. The changes are based on expert opinion due to insufficient evidence comparing health outcomes associated with different guideline definitions. Further, inconsistent guideline operationalization impairs understanding of physical inactivity prevalence. This study used the International Children’s Accelerometry Database to compare approaches to calculating PA compliance among youth and associations with health indicators. Methods: Cross-sectional accelero…
Five-year longitudinal study of juvenile migraine headaches
2004
To evaluate the prevalence and the evolution over 5-year of juvenile migraine headaches. Sixty-four subjects selected in our 1989 epidemiological survey were included in the study. The criteria of the International Headache Society were used both in 1989 and 1994. Thirty-two out of 64 subjects (50%) had MWAO, 18 (28.1%) had MD and 14 (21.9%) had headache not classifiable (HnC). MWOA persists in 56.2%, becomes MD and HnC in 9.4% and 3.1% of cases respectively, changes to episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) in 12.5%, and remits in 18.8%. MD persists in 11.1%, becomes MWOA and HnC in 27.8% and 5.5% of cases respectively, changes to ETTH in 11.1, and remits in 44.5%. HnC persists in 14.3%, be…
Risk of second primary cancers in women diagnosed with endometrial cancer in G erman and S wedish cancer registries
2017
Along with the increasing incidence and favorable prognosis, more women diagnosed with endometrial cancer may develop second primary cancers (SPCs). We aimed at investigating risk of SPCs after endometrial cancer in Germany and Sweden to provide insight into prevention strategies for SPCs. Endometrial cancer patients diagnosed at age ≥15 years in Germany during 1997-2011 and in Sweden nationwide during 1997-2012 were selected. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), calculated as the ratio of observed to expected numbers of cases, were used to assess the risk of a specific second cancer after endometrial cancer for both German and Swedish datasets. Among 46,929 endometrial cancer survivors in…
Outcomes of single versus double hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. A GEICAM/9906 sub-study
2018
Abstract Background Retrospective data suggest better outcomes for patients with double hormonal receptor (oestrogen [ER] and progesterone receptor [PgR])–positive (dHR+) early breast cancer, compared with single hormonal receptor–positive, sHR+, (ER+/PgR– or ER–/PgR+) disease. Here, we evaluate the classification according to intrinsic subtypes and clinical outcomes of sHR+ versus dHR+ in HER2-negative breast cancer patients enrolled in GEICAM/9906 study ( NCT00129922 ). Methods Archival tumours were retrieved retrospectively for the analysis of ER, PgR and HER2 status and classified into intrinsic subtypes using the PAM50 gene expression assay. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall surv…
Vitamin D Status in Pregnancy and Determinants in a Southern European Cohort Study
2016
Background Population-based data on vitamin D status in pregnancy in southern European countries are scarce. We assessed the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in pregnancy in Spain. Methods Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) concentration was measured at the first trimester of gestation in 2,036 pregnant women from several geographical areas of Spain (latitude 39–42°N). Uni- and multivariable regression models were conducted to identify predictors of circulating 25(OH)D3 concentration and vitamin D insufficiency (20–30 ng/mL) and deficiency (<20 ng/mL). Results Thirty-one per cent and 18% of women were vitamin D insufficient and deficient, respectivel…
Should Vanishing Twin Pregnancies Be Systematically Excluded From Cell-Free Fetal DNA Testing?
2020
Objective To demonstrate the feasibility of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing in vanishing twin (VT) pregnancies in routine clinical practice. Methods Our study included 24 874 singleton and 206 VT consecutive pregnancies. Cell-free DNA was analyzed by massively parallel sequencing. Both aneuploidy analysis (chromosomes 13,18, 21, X, and Y) and fetal fraction estimation were performed according to an Illumina algorithm. Contaminant DNA contribution from the demised co-twin was studied in detail. Results VT pregnancies exhibited a higher prevalence of screen-positive cases (5.8% vs 2.5%), sex discrepancies (10.2% vs 0.05%), and false positive rates (FPR) (2.6% vs 0.3%) than singleton pregnancies…
Intervenciones individuales para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacéutico, la dieta y la actividad física en adultos con hipertensión primar…
2020
Introduction Hypertension is a chronic disease with 31% worldwide prevalence in adults. It has been associated with non-adherence to therapeutic regime with a negative impact on the prognosis of the disease and healthcare-associated costs. So, it is necessary to identify effective interventions to improve adherence among the afflicted population. The objective of this protocol is to describe the methods for a systematic review that will evaluate the effect of individual interventions so as to improve adherence to the prescribed pharmacological treatment, as well as to prescribed diet and physical activity in adults with primary hypertension. Methods and analysis A systematic search of studi…