Search results for "Epidemiology"
showing 10 items of 4214 documents
Bovine paramphistomosis in Galicia (Spain): Prevalence, intensity, aetiology and geospatial distribution of the infection
2013
12 páginas, 5 figuras, 4 tablas.
Data quality of 5 years of central norovirus outbreak reporting in the European Network for food-borne viruses
2008
ABSTRACT Background The food-borne viruses in Europe (FBVE) network database was established in 1999 to monitor trends in outbreaks of gastroenteritisdue to noroviruses (NoVs), to identify major transmission routes of NoV infections within and between participating countries and to detectdiffuse international food-borne outbreaks.Methods We reviewed the total of 9430 NoVoutbreak reports from 13 countries with date of onset between 1 January 2002 and 1 January2007 for representativeness, completeness and timeliness against these objectives.Results Rates of reporting ranged from a yearly average of 1.8 in 2003 to 11.6 in 2006. Completeness of reporting of an agreed minimumdataset improved ove…
Comment on "Epidemiological Survey on Porcine Cysticercosis in Nay Pyi Taw Area, Myanmar".
2015
We have read with interest the paper by Khaing et al. [1], in which first data on Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs from Myanmar are published. The authors found a porcine cysticercosis prevalence of 23.67% in slaughtered pigs, which, as they mention, indicates the presence of human taeniasis and also the risk of acquiring human cysticercosis and, therefore, neurocysticercosis. The high porcine cysticercosis prevalence detected by the authors means, obviously, that there has to be a high prevalence of human T. solium taeniasis among the inhabitants of Myanmar leading to a high presence of infective eggs in the environment. However, as far as we know, the presence of T. solium taeniasis, a…
Intimate partner violence: A survey conducted in the primary care setting
2006
Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de violencia contra la mujer en la pareja en una muestra de mujeres asistentes por cualquier motivo a centros de atención primaria, y analizar las características de esta violencia. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 23 consultas de atención primaria de Andalucía, Madrid y Valencia. La muestra incluye 1.402 mujeres entre 18 y 65 años de edad elegidas aleatoriamente en estas consultas. Entre las variables recogidas mediante cuestionario autoadministrado se incluyeron la existencia de maltrato fisico, emocional o sexual, su temporalidad, su frecuencia y su duración. Resultados: El 32% del total de mujeres en la muestra tuvo algún tipo de maltrato a lo largo d…
La violencia contra la mujer en la pareja: Un estudio en el ámbito de la atención primaria Intimate partner violence: A survey conducted in the prima…
2006
Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de violencia contra la mujer en la pareja en una muestra de mujeres asistentes por cualquier motivo a centros de atención primaria, y analizar las características de esta violencia. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 23 consultas de atención primaria de Andalucía, Madrid y Valencia. La muestra incluye 1.402 mujeres entre 18 y 65 años de edad elegidas aleatoriamente en estas consultas. Entre las variables recogidas mediante cuestionario autoadministrado se incluyeron la existencia de maltrato fisico, emocional o sexual, su temporalidad, su frecuencia y su duración. Resultados: El 32% del total de mujeres en la muestra tuvo algún tipo de maltrato a lo largo d…
Pain experience and social support of endometriosis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany – results of a web-based cross-sectional survey
2021
Background Endometriosis is a chronic pain condition in premenopausal women. Pain is mainly characterized by pain intensity and may induce disability in all areas of daily life. Nevertheless, pain is influenced by emotional and social factors as well. Social distancing measures or quarantine, as reaction to rapidly rising infections with the COVID-19 virus due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, were implemented across Europe to prevent the spread of the virus and social distancing measures were imposed by the German government by beginning of March 2020 with initiation of the lockdown by the end of March 2020. The objective of this study was to assess, how social distancing measures during the lo…
Who can go back to work when the COVID-19 pandemic remits?
2020
AbstractThis paper seeks to determine which workers affected by lockdown measures can return to work when a government decides to apply lockdown exit strategies. This system, which we call Sequential Selective Multidimensional Decision (SSMD), involves deciding sequentially, by geographical areas, sectors of activity, age groups and immunity, which workers can return to work at a given time according to the epidemiological criteria of the country as well as that of a group of reference countries, used as a benchmark, that have suffered a lower level of lockdown de-escalation strategies. We apply SSMD to Spain, based on affiliation to the Social Security system prior to the COVID-19 pandemic…
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mobility in ten countries and associated perceived risk for all transport modes.
2021
The restrictive measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have triggered sudden massive changes to travel behaviors of people all around the world. This study examines the individual mobility patterns for all transport modes (walk, bicycle, motorcycle, car driven alone, car driven in company, bus, subway, tram, train, airplane) before and during the restrictions adopted in ten countries on six continents: Australia, Brazil, China, Ghana, India, Iran, Italy, Norway, South Africa and the United States. This cross-country study also aims at understanding the predictors of protective behaviors related to the transport sector and COVID-19. Findings hinge upon an online survey con…
Mental health and psychosocial support strategies in highly contagious emerging disease outbreaks of substantial public concern: A systematic scoping…
2021
Background Acute disease outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic cause a high burden of psychological distress in people worldwide. Interventions to enable people to better cope with such distress should be based on the best available evidence. We therefore performed a scoping review to systematically identify and summarize the available literature of interventions that target the distress of people in the face of highly contagious disease outbreaks. Methods MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science (January 2000 to May 7, 2020), and reference lists were systematically searched and screened by two independent reviewers. Quantitative and qualitative studies investigating the effects of psyc…
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Natural History of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2002
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is increasing in many countries. The estimated number of new cases annually is over 500,000, and the yearly incidence comprises between 2.5 and 7% of patients with liver cirrhosis. The incidence varies between different geographic areas, being higher in developing areas; males are predominantly affected, with a 2:3 male/female ratio. The heterogeneous geographic distribution reflects the epidemiologic impact of the main etiologic factors and environmental risk, which are the hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. The percentage of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma attributable to HBV worldwide is 52.3% and is higher in Asia where the serop…