Search results for "Epidemiology"

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in zoonoses. A systematic review

2012

BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare syndrome that is often fatal despite treatment. It is caused by a dysregulation in natural killer T-cell function, resulting in activation and proliferation of histiocytes with uncontrolled hemophagocytosis and cytokines overproduction. The syndrome is characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenias, liver dysfunction, and hyperferritinemia. HLH can be either primary, with a genetic aetiology, or secondary, associated with malignancies, autoimmune diseases, or infections. AIM: To focus on secondary HLH complicating zoonotic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed search of human cases of HLH occurring during zoonotic dise…

Very highly prevalent Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infection of wild boar Sus scrofa in Khuzestan province, south-western Iran

2006

Abstract An epidemiological and pathological study of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infection in a total of 50 wild boars Sus scrofa attila from cane sugar fields of Iranian Khuzestan was performed. The total prevalence of 64.0 % detected is the highest hitherto known by this acanthocephalan species in wild boars and may reflect a very high contamination of the farm lands studied as the consequence of the crowding of the wild boar population in cane sugar fields. Observations prove that this species is a wild boar gut wall perforating acanthocephalan. High burdens may become so pathogenic for the host individual as to be responsible for its elimination from the population. Thus, this aca…

Comparative Effectiveness of DPP-4 Inhibitors Versus Sulfonylurea for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Routine Clinical Practice: A Retrospective …

2018

Introduction DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and sulfonylureas are popular second-line therapies for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but there is a paucity of real-world studies comparing their effectiveness in routine clinical practice. Methods This was a multicenter retrospective study on diabetes outpatient clinics comparing the effectiveness of DPP4i versus gliclazide extended release. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c. Secondary endpoints were changes in fasting plasma glucose, body weight, and systolic blood pressure. Automated software extracted data from the same clinical electronic chart system at all centers. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to generate comparable coh…

Epidemiological study of Lasiodiplodia theobromae in a sicilian vineyard.

2009

Physical activity, diet quality and all-cause cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: A prospective study of 346 627 UK Biobank participants

2022

ObjectivesTo examine independent and interactive associations of physical activity and diet with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and physical activity, diet and adiposity-related (PDAR) cancer mortality.MethodsThis population-based prospective cohort study (n=346 627) is based on the UK Biobank data with linkage to the National Health Service death records to 30 April 2020. A left-truncated Cox proportional hazards model was fitted to examine the associations between exposures (self-reported total moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) and a diet quality index (score ranged 0–3)) and outcomes (all-cause, CVD and PDAR cance…

Setil:Italian multicentric epidemiological study on risk factors for childhood leukemia, non Hodgkin lymphoma and neuroblastoma

2008

Erratum: Characteristics of patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver diseases just before the era of oral direct-acting antiviral therap…

2019

The authors' affiliations of this article published in last year's years June issue [1] were incorrect and the should be as listed below: Evangelista Sagnellia, Tommaso Stroffolinib, Caterina Sagnellia, Bruno Cacopardoc, Angelo Andriullid, Sergio Babudierie, Nicola Coppolaa, Giovanni B. Gaetaf, Piero L. Almasiog aDepartment of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy bDepartment of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto Primo, Rome, cInfectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy dGastroenterology Unit, Fondazione 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza' IRCCS Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy e…

Comparing the Climatic and Landscape Risk Factors for Lyme Disease Cases in the Upper Midwest and Northeast United States

2020

Lyme disease, recognized as one of the most important vector-borne diseases worldwide, has been increasing in incidence and spatial extend in United States. In the Northeast and Upper Midwest, Lyme disease is transmitted by Ixodes scapularis. Currently, many studies have been conducted to identify factors influencing Lyme disease risk in the Northeast, however, relatively few studies focused on the Upper Midwest. In this study, we explored and compared the climatic and landscape factors that shape the spatial patterns of human Lyme cases in these two regions, using the generalized linear mixed models. Our results showed that climatic variables generally had opposite correlations with Lyme d…

A century of trends in adult human height

2016

Article

Menopause modulates the circulating metabolome: evidence from a prospective cohort study

2022

Abstract Aims We studied the changes in the circulating metabolome and their relation to the menopausal hormonal shift in 17β-oestradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels among women transitioning from perimenopause to early postmenopause. Methods and results We analysed longitudinal data from 218 Finnish women, 35 of whom started menopausal hormone therapy during the study. The menopausal transition was monitored with menstrual diaries and serum hormone measurements. The median follow-up was 14 months (interquartile range: 8–20). Serum metabolites were quantified with targeted nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics. The model results were adjusted for age, follow-up duration, educat…