Search results for "Epidemiology"
showing 10 items of 4214 documents
Non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension in primary health care: A comparative clinical trial of two education strategies in health and nutrition
2011
Abstract Background Poor adherence to non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension represents a serious challenge for public health policies in several countries. This study was conducted to compare two intervention strategies regarding the adherence of adult women to dietary changes recommended for the treatment of hypertension in a community covered by Primary Health Care Unit. Methods This study is a randomized controlled trial of a sample composed of 28 women with hypertension enrolled in the Primary Health Care Unit located in the urban area of southeastern Brazil. The participants were already undergoing treatment for hypertension but devoid of nutritional care; and were divided into…
The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Epidemiology
2006
The Mediterranean diet was first considered to be a low-saturated fat diet that conveyed protection against coronary heart disease by lowering plasma total cholesterol levels. Later, the emphasis shifted away from the low-saturated-fat content of this diet toward its high content of olive oil and its overall constellation of characteristics. Moreover, there is now evidence that the Mediterranean diet benefits not only the risk for coronary heart disease but also cancer occurrence, total mortality, and longevity.
Dietary intake of nutrients of great interest in immunonutrition to prevent muscle damage in soccer players
2008
Soccer is a sport in which players are exposed to long-term periods of training and players need to augment strength and fat-free massgains by resistance training, minimize muscle damage and soreness and help to improve endurance. Recently, the incidence of injuries hasincreased during and preceding soccer matches, which in uences the effectiveness of the team. One study
P–409 Comparison of the incidence of ectopic pregnancies in fresh versus frozen embryo transfers in IVF/ICSI cycles: a meta-analysis of Randomized Co…
2021
Abstract Study question Is the incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) increased in fresh compared with frozen embryo transfer (ET)? Summary answer The fresh ET is not associated with an increase of the incidence of EP in comparison with frozen ET. What is known already EP represents the first cause of mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are associated with an increased EP risk. The reasons of this effect are inadequately explained and may be associated with variables patients-related as tubal diseases and ART-related as the number of embryos transferred, the depth of insertion of the catheter tip during ET and the supraphysiological estradiol…
Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder in a Patient with Six Previous Caesarean Deliveries: Step by Step Management
2021
The definition placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) introduced by FIGO (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics) indicates an abnormal, pathological adherence or invasion of the placenta. The growing worldwide incidence of this pathological entity, and the possible serious correlated surgical risks, has caused a significant increase in attention among the scientific community. Previous caesarean delivery and presence of placenta previa are the main risk factors for the onset of PAS. Here, we present the intriguing case of a 39-year-old woman, at the 33rd week of gestation, with six previous caesarean sections and with a diagnosis of placenta previa accreta. At our referr…
Prácticas de utilización de plaguicidas en agricultores
2002
ResumenObjetivoSe describen las características sociodemográficas y los determinantes de la exposición a plaguicidas en trabajadores agrícolas aplicadores.MétodosLos trabajadores seleccionados fueron los incluidos en un estudio de casos y controles realizado en la Comunidad Valenciana. Tras contacto telefónico, los sujetos que habían trabajado en agricultura durante el período relevante de exposición eran entrevistados personalmente para recoger información relacionada con la exposición a plaguicidas: cultivos y períodos trabajados, realización de mezclas, equipos de aplicación utilizados, participación en el lavado de equipos, utilización de protección personal durante los tratamientos y c…
Fire in operating room: The adverse "never" event. Case report, mini-review and medico-legal considerations.
2020
Abstract The patient’s security and safety represent a topic of great importance for public health that led several healthcare organizations in many Countries to share documents to promote risk management and preventing adverse events. Surgical Fire (SF) is an infrequent adverse event generally occurring in the operating room (OR) and consisting of a fire that occurs in, on, or around a patient undergoing a medical or surgical procedure. Here a medico-legal case involving a 65-year-old woman reporting burns to the neck due to an SF during a thyroidectomy was described. A literature review was performed using Pubmed and Scopus databases, focusing on epidemiology, causes, prevention activitie…
A novel heuristic algorithm for the modeling and risk assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic phenomenon
2020
This article belongs to the special issue: Soft computing techniques in materials science and engineering Summarization: The modeling and risk assessment of a pandemic phenomenon such as COVID-19 is an important and complicated issue in epidemiology, and such an attempt is of great interest for public health decision-making. To this end, in the present study, based on a recent heuristic algorithm proposed by the authors, the time evolution of COVID-19 is investigated for six different countries/states, namely New York, California, USA, Iran, Sweden and UK. The number of COVID-19-related deaths is used to develop the proposed heuristic model as it is believed that the predicted number of dai…
Global change and human vulnerability to vector-borne diseases
2013
This e-book presents a collection of research and review articles related to the spread, control and basic understanding of vector borne diseases all over the world. It is well known that a multidisciplinary point of view is necessary in order to develop a global vision of this emergent problem. Therefore, in order to promote this holistic approach to the knowledge of vector borne diseases, this e-book contains a total of 19 collaborations of entomologists, epidemiologists, virologists, parasitologists, bacteriologists, zoologists and veterinarians of Europe, Africa, Asia, and America. The title perfectly reflects some of the global factors that are behind the emergence and/or reemergence o…
A review of 640 Oral squamous cell carcinoma cases in Nigeria
2016
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity and accounts for 70% to 90% of all oral malignant neoplasms. The aim of this study was to examine the demographic distribution of OSCC in five Tertiary Health centres in Nigeria. Material and methods All cases diagnosed as OSCC during the period from 1970 -2014 were retrieved from the records of five teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Hematoxylin and eosin stained histological slides of all cases that had a diagnosis of OSCC were reviewed for confirmation and inclusion. Data from all the centers was collated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan by 2 researchers. The data was entered …