Search results for "Epido"
showing 10 items of 238 documents
Preliminary selection of non-target Lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt canola in Sicily
2011
It is essential to assess the environmental risk that Bt canola resistant to Lepidopteran pests may hold and to study its effect on species assemblages that fulfil a variety of ecosystem functions. Environmental risk assessment can be improved through the use of an ecological model which can be applied to a specific environment, so that local species can be classified functionally and prioritized to identify potential test species. Several other Lepidoptera species are also directly exposed to Bt toxin. In this paper an ecological approach was followed for selection of non-target Lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt canola in Sicily, using data collected over a one-year …
Risultati preliminari del monitoraggio di lepidotteri diurni in un sito di interesse comunitario per differenti scopi applicativi
2010
Durante il XX secolo e specialmente negli ultimi 50 anni è stato riportato un declino nel numero specie di lepidotteri diurni presenti in Europa, ed ad una modificazione delle comunità delle farfalle. Tale decremento è stato attributo a diversi fattori: frammentazione e la scomparsa degli habitat e l'intensificazione dell'agricoltura e delle pratiche ad essa connesse. L'introduzione di nuovi prodotti in agricoltura, quali ad esempio le piante geneticamente modificate o i prodotti a base di virus entomopatogeni hanno posto ancor più l'accento sulla necessità di monitorare i lepidotteri non target (principalmente i diurni) sia come data set iniziale sia per i piani di post monitoring. A tal f…
Prime liste faunistiche di Lepidotteri diurni in aree protette italiane
2014
Nell’ambito del progetto Life+ 2008, Validation of risk management tools for genetically modified plants in protected and sensitive areas in Italy (MAN-GMP-ITA), sono stati condotti studi di caratterizzazione dell’entomofauna di alcune aree protette in Italia, da marzo a settembre di due anni consecutivi (2011-2012). Tali studi hanno condotto alla redazione di liste faunistiche di Lepidotteri diurni, Lepidotteri notturni e Coccinellidi per ciascun sito. I due gruppi di specie sono stati scelti in considerazione del loro possibile ruolo come specie “non-target” in studi di impatto ambientale. Le aree oggetto di studio sono state scelte in modo da essere rappresentative di diverse aree bio-ge…
From non-target risk assessment to Bt resistance management: the example of Bt Brassica sp. and Pieridae
2011
Insecticidal toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used in plant protection in two different ways: 1) by spraying bacterial Bt formulations, 2) by expressing their gene encoding in planta. In the second strategy, only the transgenic plants themselves are protected but insect- resistant plants could spread into natural habitats and/or the gene could be fixed in alternative hosts. It is necessary to estimate the magnitude of the possible effects on naturally occurring herbivorous insects but also on the target species, especially when they have several alternative hosts, as in the case of Pieridae. They are present both in agriculture where they could be considered p…
L’ARTROPODOFAUNA ASSOCIATA A PARIETARIA SPP. (URTICACEAE) – 3° NOTA – PARASSITOIDI DI COSMOPTERIX PULCHRIMELLA CHAMBERS (LEPIDOPTERA COSMOPTERIGIDAE).
1997
Influence of a humid zone on entomocoenosis diversity.
2017
The authors studied the insect diversity associated to humid and dry zones in the Caselli Nature Reserve (Pisa, Tuscany) in 2016 by using two Malaise traps. The average number of species and individual captures increased in the humid zone to about 118% for species and to 152% for individuals respectively. This richness increase was observed for some families of Coleoptera and Hymenoptera Aculeata and Apoidea. Surprisingly, a richness decrease of Lepidoptera (to 89% and 66% respectively for species and individuals) and Orthoptera (to 44% and 21% respectively for species and individuals) in the humid zone has been observed.
GALLIGENI INTERESSANTI E NUOVI PER LA FAUNA ITALIANA
2011
Seagrass meadows at the extreme of environmental tolerance: the case ofPosidonia oceanicain a semi-enclosed coastal lagoon
2009
Atoll-like structures of the endemic Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica were encountered in the innermost area of the Stagnone di Marsala, a semi-enclosed coastal lagoon along the western coasts of Sicily. The area is characterized by limited water exchange with the open sea and by a marked seasonal variation of water salinity and temperature, reaching beyond the theoretical tolerance limits of the species. In the present study we determined the genetic composition of the atoll-like structures, as well as the growth performance and flowering rate of these stands. We also assessed whether and to what extent the atoll-like structures are genetically isolated from plants growing in mead…
Response to Kruse-Plass et al. (2017) regarding the risk to non-target lepidopteran larvae exposed to pollen from one or more of three Bt maize event…
2017
We respond to the paper of Kruse-Plass et al. (Environ Sci Eur 29:12, 2017), published in this journal, regarding the risk to non-target lepidopteran larvae exposed to pollen from one or more of three Bt maize events (MON810, Bt11 and 1507). We emphasise that what is important for environmental risk assessment is not the number of pollen grains per se, but the degree of exposure of a NT lepidopteran larva to Bt protein contained in maize pollen. The main text of this response deals with general issues which Kruse-Plass et al. have failed to understand; more detailed refutations of each of their claims are given in Additional file 1. Valid environmental risk assessment requires direct measur…
Effect of different substrata on rhizome growth, leaf biometry and shoot density of Posidonia oceanica
2013
The effects of different substratum typologies on Posidonia oceanica growth and morphology were estimated in four Sicilian meadows using Generalized and Linear Mixed Models combined with retrodating and biometric analyses. Substratum exerted a multiple effect, resulting in different biometric features for P. oceanica shoots settled on rock from those growing on sand and matte. On rock, values for growth rate, leaf length and shoot surface were lower than those on other substrata, with 42%, 23% and 32% the highest degree of difference respectively. The present study may have interesting methodological consequences for the comprehensive understanding of the causative variables potentially aff…