Search results for "Equality."

Cognitive consequences of the timing of puberty

2018

In this paper, we use British cohort data to study the degree to which children at different stages of pubertal development at age 11 and 16 differ in their cognitive and behavioral outcomes at age 16 as well as in their completed educational attainment and adult earnings. Controlling for age 7 cognitive skills, region of birth, father's socioeconomic status and parents’ education, we show that boys’ late pubertal development is associated with lower levels of cognitive skills at 16, lower final educational attainment, and lower earnings in adulthood. For girls we find a similar negative relationship between late puberty and cognitive skills, but only imprecise relationships between the tim…

Executive function and life-space mobility in old age

2018

Life-space assessment incorporates all movements in terms of the distance from home, the frequency of movement and the need of assistance for movement. Executive function (EF) is an important higher order cognitive ability that controls and guides people’s goal-directed actions. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between EF and life-space mobility, and investigated if perceived walking difficulties, lower extremity performance, and transportation difficulties explain the association. Methods 157 community-dwelling persons aged 76–91 years participated in the study at the baseline, and 103 of them in 2-year follow-up study. Based on the distribution on the Trail Ma…

ELINET-symposium kokosi yhteen lukutaitotoimijoita : kansainvälisestä yhteistyöstä intoa työhön

2018

ELINET-verkosto (European Literacy Policy Network) järjesti heinäkuun lopulla lukutaitosymposiumin Kölnissä, Saksassa. Symposiumiin kokoontui satakunta lukutaitotutkijaa, opettajaa ja kouluttajaa sekä lukutaidon parissa järjestötyötä tekevää asiantuntijaa lähes 20 maasta. Symposiumin teemoina olivat osallisuus, inkluusio ja tasa-arvo. nonPeerReviewed

Koulutuksellisen tasa-arvon diskurssit ja toimijat peruskoulun tuntijakouudistuksessa

2017

In this research the interest was to understand the discursive formation of educational equality in political texts concerning the national core curriculum in Finland in the beginning of 2010s. The research problem was to describe and analyze discourses of educational equality and to analyze who are portrayed as actors of educational equality. The material consists of statements which different organizations, administrative bodies of education and private individuals gave in response to presentations, prepared in 2010 and 2012, regarding the objectives of the comprehensive school and the distribution of lesson hours. The research is based on critical discourse analysis and the analysis of s…

Educational equality discourses in the Finnish comprehensive school system

2017

Income inequality and famine mortality: Evidence from the Finnish famine of the 1860s

2021

This article examines whether economic inequality intensified the adverse effects of harvest, price, and income shocks during a famine. Using a parish-level longitudinal dataset from the Finnish famine of the 1860s, it shows that a substantial proportion of the excess mortality experienced during the famine resulted from a decline in agricultural production, a decline in incomes, and a surge in food prices. The findings indicate that the adverse effects of food output fluctuations were intensified by increasing income inequality and decreasing average income, while the market-transmitted shocks were weakened by a contraction of disposable income. The results are corroborated with multiple a…

Vulnerability to climate change and adaptation strategies of local communities in Malawi: experiences of women fish-processing groups in the Lake Chi…

2016

Abstract. In recent years, research on climate change and human security has received much attention among policy makers and academia alike. Communities in the Global South that rely on an intact resource base and struggle with poverty, existing inequalities and historical injustices will especially be affected by predicted changes in temperature and precipitation. The objective of this article is to better understand under what conditions local communities can adapt to anticipated impacts of climate change. The empirical part of the paper answers the question as to what extent local women engaged in fish processing in the Chilwa Basin in Malawi have experienced climate change and how they …

Inequality Fragility Hypothesis

2016

The last four decades have been marked by growing inequality. The inequality of income and wealth is one of the most important macroeconomic issues of our time. Inequality contributed to Global Savings Glut and Global Financial Crisis through riskiness channel and a greater propensity to borrow for poor people. This paper presents evidence that besides structural factors, monetary policy, high leverage and the development of new money substitutes are critical in explaining the inequality trend in advanced countries. Increasing economic inequality acts as financial instability enhancer and if left untreated it poses a significant threat to economic sustainability.

Libertad de expresión y el caso del lenguaje del odio. Una aproximación desde la perspectiva norteamericana y la perspectiva alemana

2010

Resumen Este artículo analiza las concepciones sobre la libertad de expresión en el caso del lenguaje del odio, centrándose en algunos aspectos de la perspectiva norteamericana y en algunos aspectos de la perspectiva alemana. El primer modelo está basado en la libertad negativa y se corresponde con la visión del mercado de las ideas que ha elaborado la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema norteamericana. Este Tribunal ha otorgado una papel prioritario a la libertad de expresión, que debería limitarse sólo en casos de un peligro claro y presente o amenaza de desordenes públicos. El segundo modelo, centrado en la libertad positiva, otorga un papel prioritario a la dignidad humana frente a la l…

El alcance práctico del lenguaje no sexista solicitado desde el plano normativo: ¿Una cuestión resuelta?

2011

RESUMEN. En el ámbito jurídico cada vez es más frecuente encontrar expresiones que hacen alusión a la utilización de un lenguaje no sexista. El plano normativo quizá sea uno de los más representativos. En este trabajo se consideran varias leyes de igualdad donde aparecen expresiones de este tipo. Partiendo de esta circunstancia, se pretende dejar constancia de la dificultad que entraña la interpretación del alcance práctico de dichas expresiones. De otro lado se consideran también algunas prácticas que ya se pueden apreciar en nuestros días, y que aunque en principio pudieran considerarse una solución a la circunstancia precedente, también ofrecen algunos problemas.ABSTRACT. In the legal wo…