Search results for "Equality."

A global perspective on effectiveness of aid for trade

2013

Recent global initiatives on debt relief and development assistance call for increasing aid for trade to the poorest countries. The paper applies a multi-country computable general equilibrium model to measure the effectiveness of alternative aid for trade categories. The findings show that aid for trade policies expand trade and alleviate international income inequalities in the recipient countries, that will benefit mainly from aid for trade adjustment and technical assistance.

Estimates for the constants of Landau and Lebesgue via some inequalities for the Wallis ratio

2014

Non-cooperative power allocation game with imperfect sensing information for cognitive radio

2012

In this paper, we consider a sensing-based spectrum sharing scenario and present an efficient decentralized algorithm to maximize the total throughput of the cognitive radio users by optimizing jointly both the detection operation and the power allocation, taking into account the influence of the sensing accuracy. This optimization problem can be formulated as a distributed non-cooperative power allocation game, which can be solved by using an alternating direction optimization method. The transmit power budget of the cognitive radio users and the constraint related to the rate-loss of the primary user due to the interference are considered in the scheme. Finally, we use variational inequal…

Local regularity for time-dependent tug-of-war games with varying probabilities

2016

We study local regularity properties of value functions of time-dependent tug-of-war games. For games with constant probabilities we get local Lipschitz continuity. For more general games with probabilities depending on space and time we obtain H\"older and Harnack estimates. The games have a connection to the normalized $p(x,t)$-parabolic equation $(n+p(x,t))u_t=\Delta u+(p(x,t)-2) \Delta_{\infty}^N u$.

Power estimation for non-standardized multisite studies

2016

A concern for researchers planning multisite studies is that scanner and T1-weighted sequence-related biases on regional volumes could overshadow true effects, especially for studies with a heterogeneous set of scanners and sequences. Current approaches attempt to harmonize data by standardizing hardware, pulse sequences, and protocols, or by calibrating across sites using phantom-based corrections to ensure the same raw image intensities. We propose to avoid harmonization and phantom-based correction entirely. We hypothesized that the bias of estimated regional volumes is scaled between sites due to the contrast and gradient distortion differences between scanners and sequences. Given this…

Should I use touchscreen tablets rather than computers and mice in TDS trials?

2016

International audience; Internet technologies are increasingly used as tools in sensory analysis. Thus, it would be a natural step forward for sensory science to move beyond the laboratory, into people's homes. Therefore, working with consumer IT devices like touchscreen tablets in sensory science should be taken into consideration. Working with the intuitive concept of dominance, Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) requires a non-analytical answer from the subject. Using a touchscreen tablet instead of a classic mouse could reduce the cognitive load and favor a more instinctive answer. Indeed, it was proven that touch interaction is natural and efficient, and that finger pointing is fas…

Inequality and economic growth across countries of the Eurozone

2018

The EU economic recovery after the financial crisis is being accompanied by sluggish and unsteady growth with high levels of inequality. The relationship between income inequality and the rate of economic growth still remains a controversial issue with discrepancies in the results reported in many empirical and theoretical studies of growth and development. We explore the impact of income inequality, poverty, and wealth on the rate of economic growth in the Eurozone. We find that the effect of income inequality on economic growth is statistically insignificant, whereas poverty and savings have a negative, statistically significant effect on growth, while the effect of financial assets is po…

Progressive consumption tax, minimum consumption, and inequality

2020

Abstract In this note, we study the effects of a progressive consumption tax on wealth and consumption inequality in a model economy featuring minimum consumption. We show that increasing the lower and upper bounds of the progressive tax rate reduces wealth and consumption inequality in the long run but is not sufficient. The lower and upper bounds must not exceed the thresholds, which are decreasing functions of minimum consumption. The result is useful for empirical studies of the redistribution of wealth and consumption.

Thermodynamically consistent residual-based gradient plasticity theory and comparison

2006

A gradient plasticity theory for small deformations is presented within the framework of nonlocal continuum thermodynamics. The second principle (Clausius–Duhem inequality), enriched by an additional term named energy residual, is employed in conjunction with the concepts of insulation condition and locality recovery condition, in order to derive all the pertinent restrictions upon the constitutive equations. These include the expressions of the energy residual and of the plastic dissipation density, as well as the PDEs governing the gradient kinematic and isotropic hardening of the material, together with the related higher-order boundary conditions for both the fixed and the moving bounda…

Symmetry breaking in a constrained cheeger type isoperimetric inequality

2015

We study the optimal constant in a Sobolev inequality for BV functions with zero mean value and vanishing outside a bounded open set. We are interested in finding the best possible embedding constant in terms of the measure of the domain alone. We set up an optimal shape problem and we completely characterize the behavior of optimal domains.