Search results for "Equality."

Hall–Post inequalities: Review and application to molecules and tetraquarks

2019

A review is presented of the Hall–Post inequalities that give lower-bounds to the ground-state energy of quantum systems in terms of energies of smaller systems. New applications are given for systems experiencing both a static source and inner interactions, as well as for hydrogen-like molecules and for tetraquarks in some quark models. In the latter case, the Hall–Post inequalities constrain the possibility of deeply-bound exotic mesons below the threshold for dissociation into two quark–antiquark mesons. We also emphasize the usefulness of the Hall–Post bounds in terms of 3-body energies when some 2-body subsystems are ill defined or do not support any bound state.

Asymptotic values and hölder continuity of quasiconformal mappings

1987

The impact of study design and diagnostic approach in a large multi-centre ADHD study. Part 1: ADHD symptom patterns

2011

Contains fulltext : 96439.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The International Multi-centre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) project with 11 participating centres from 7 European countries and Israel has collected a large behavioural and genetic database for present and future research. Behavioural data were collected from 1068 probands with the combined type of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-CT) and 1446 'unselected' siblings. The aim was to analyse the IMAGE sample with respect to demographic features (gender, age, family status, and recruiting centres) and psychopathological characteristics (diagnostic subtype, symptom frequencies, age at symptom detection, and com…

Mapping inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries, 2000-2018

2021

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health …

Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17

2020

Background: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea that has the potential to drastically reduce child mortality; yet, according to UNICEF estimates, less than half of children younger than 5 years with diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) received ORS in 2016. A variety of recommended home fluids (RHF) exist as alternative forms of ORT; however, it is unclear whether RHF prevent child mortality. Previous studies have shown considerable variation between countries in ORS and RHF use, but subnational variation is unknown. This study aims to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of relative and absolute coverage o…

Does a global wealth tax reduce inequality? When Piketty meets Mankiw

2020

Abstract We investigate the effects of a wealth tax on consumption and wealth inequality in a standard small open economy model featuring labour income heterogeneity. We show that consumption inequality and wealth inequality are identical in the long run if consumption growth exceeds output growth. Under this condition, the wealth tax reduces long run inequality under two additional conditions. First, the difference between the rate of return on wealth and the growth rate, r − g , is higher than a positive threshold. Second, the tax rate is lower than a cap which rises in r − g but decreases in labour income heterogeneity.

Self-calibration of a PTZ Camera Using New LMI Constraints

2013

In this paper, we propose a very reliable and flexible method for self-calibrating rotating and zooming cameras - generally referred to as PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom) cameras. The proposed method employs a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) resolution approach and allows extra tunable constraints on the intrinsic parameters to be taken into account during the process of estimating these parameters. Furthermore, the considered constraints are simultaneously enforced in all views rather than in a single reference view. The results of our experiments show that the proposed approach allows for significant improvement in terms of accuracy and robustness when compared against state of the art methods.

Age-dependency in mortality of Finnish family caregivers: a nationwide register-based study

2020

Abstract Purpose Mortality appears to be lower in family caregivers than in the general population. However, there is lack of knowledge whether the difference in mortality between family caregivers and the general population is dependent on age. The purpose of this study was to analyze all-cause mortality in relation to age in family caregivers and to study their cause-specific mortality using data from multiple Finnish national registers. Methods The data included all individuals, who received family caregiver's allowance in Finland in 2012 (n = 42 256, mean age 67 years, 71% women) and a control population matched for age, sex, and municipality of residence (n = 83 618). Information on da…

COVID-19 pandemic, mechanical reperfusion and 30-day mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction

2022

ObjectiveThe initial data of the International Study on Acute Coronary Syndromes - ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction COVID-19 showed in Europe a remarkable reduction in primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures and higher in-hospital mortality during the initial phase of the pandemic as compared with the prepandemic period. The aim of the current study was to provide the final results of the registry, subsequently extended outside Europe with a larger inclusion period (up to June 2020) and longer follow-up (up to 30 days).MethodsThis is a retrospective multicentre registry in 109 high-volume primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) centres from Europe, Latin America, S…

Green taxes, quotas and equality : preserving social justice whilst averting climate change

2016

The need for green fiscal reform is urgent in the face of climate change. Some oppose it, however, arguing that such reforms disproportionately burden poorer individuals whose emissions are far smaller than those of wealthier individuals. Defusing these criticisms, this paper argues that this is not an inevitable feature of green fiscal reform. We should adopt a more scientific attitude not only towards climate change but towards testing fiscal proposals to mitigate it, and avoid dividing, with rushed assumptions, responsible voters who care about both equality and climate change.