Search results for "Equations"

showing 10 items of 955 documents

Perturbative treatment of spin-orbit-coupling within spin-free exact two-component theory using equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods.

2018

A scheme is reported for the perturbative calculation of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) within the spin-free exact two-component theory in its one-electron variant (SFX2C-1e) in combination with the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles method. Benchmark calculations of the spin-orbit splittings in 2Π and 2P radicals show that the accurate inclusion of scalar-relativistic effects using the SFX2C-1e scheme extends the applicability of the perturbative treatment of SOC to molecules that contain heavy elements. The contributions from relaxation of the coupled-cluster amplitudes are shown to be relatively small; significant contributions from correlating the inner-core orbitals are …

PhysicsCoupling010304 chemical physicsRelaxation (NMR)General Physics and AstronomyEquations of motionSpin–orbit interaction010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCoupled clusterAtomic orbitalQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPerturbation theory (quantum mechanics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistrySpin-½The Journal of chemical physics
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Chaotization of internal motion of excitons in ultrathin layers by spin–orbit coupling

2018

We show that Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can generate chaotic behavior of excitons in two-dimensional semiconductor structures. To model this chaos, we study a Kepler system with spin-orbit coupling and numerically obtain a transition to chaos at a sufficiently strong coupling. The chaos emerges since the SOC reduces the number of integrals of motion as compared to the number of degrees of freedom. Dynamically, the dependence of the exciton energy on the spin orientation in the presence of SOC produces an anomalous spin-dependent velocity resulting in chaotic motion. We observe numerically the critical dependence of the dynamics on the initial conditions, where the system can return to…

PhysicsCouplingChaoticDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)General Physics and AstronomyEquations of motion02 engineering and technologySpin–orbit interaction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsKepler problemOrientation (geometry)0103 physical sciencessymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySpin-½Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Quantum Theory of a Radiating Harmonically Bound Charge

2010

A phenomenological Hamiltonian giving the equation of motion of a non relativistic charges that accelerates and radiates is quantized. The theory is applied to the harmonic oscillator. To derive the decay time the physical parameters entering the calculations are obtained from the theory of the hydrogen atom; the agree- ment of the predicted value with the experiments is striking although the mathematics is very simple.

PhysicsDecay timesymbols.namesakeRadiation dampingQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicssymbolsEquations of motionHydrogen atomHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Harmonic oscillatorJournal of Modern Physics
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Mechanically Based Nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli Beam Model

2014

AbstractThis paper presents a nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam model. It is assumed that the equilibrium of a beam segment is attained because of the classical local stress resultants, along with long-range volume forces and moments exchanged by the beam segment with all the nonadjacent beam segments. Elastic long-range volume forces/moments are considered, built as linearly depending on the product of the volumes of the interacting beam segments and on generalized measures of their relative motion, based on the pure deformation modes of the beam. Attenuation functions governing the space decay of the nonlocal effects are introduced. The motion equations are derived in an integro-differential …

PhysicsDeformation (mechanics)Mechanical EngineeringAttenuationEquations of motionSpace (mathematics)VibrationLong-range interactionClassical mechanicsNonlocal elasticityEuler-Bernoulli beamStress resultantsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsFree vibrationsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniStaticsStaticBeam (structure)
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Dynamical Ising-like model for the two-step spin-crossover systems

2003

In order to reproduce the two-step relaxation observed experimentally in spin-crossover systems, we investigate analytically the static and the dynamic properties of a two-sublattice Ising-like Hamiltonian. The formalism is based on a stochastic master equation approach. It is solved in the mean-field approximation, and yields two coupled differential equations that correspond to the HS fractions of the sublattices A and B. Virginie.Niel@uv.es ; Jose.A.Real@uv.es

PhysicsDifferential equationsIsing model ; Magnetic transitions ; Magnetic relaxation ; Master equation ; Stochastic systems ; Differential equations ; Spin HamiltoniansMagnetic transitionsSpin HamiltoniansStochastic systemsDifferential equationTwo stepUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomyCoupled differential equationssymbols.namesakeFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Spin crossover:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Master equationIsing modelsymbolsIsing modelStatistical physicsMaster equationHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Magnetic relaxation
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Nonparaxial shape-preserving Airy beams with Bessel signature

2014

Spatially accelerating beams that are solutions to Maxwell equations may propagate along incomplete circular trajectories. Taking these truncated Bessel fields to the paraxial limit, some authors have sustained that it has recovered the known Airy beams (AiBs). Based on the angular spectrum representation of optical fields, we demonstrated that the paraxial approximation rigorously leads to off-axis focused beams instead of finite-energy AiBs. The latter will arise under the umbrella of a nonparaxial approach following elliptical trajectories in place of parabolas. The analytical expression of such a shape-preserving wave field under Gaussian apodization is disclosed by using third-order no…

PhysicsDiffractionParaxial approximationFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAngular spectrum methodsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsMaxwell's equationssymbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsLimit (mathematics)Representation (mathematics)Bessel functionBeam (structure)Optics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Generation of accelerating beams using nano-scale metallic circular gratings

2014

Spatially accelerating beams that are solutions to the Maxwell equations may propagate along incomplete circular trajectories, after which diffraction broadening takes over and the beams spread out. In this paper we report on numerical simulations that show the conversion of a high-numerical-aperture focused beam into a nonparaxial shape-preserving accelerating beam having a beam-width near the diffraction limit. Beam shaping is induced by a diffractive optical element that consists of a non-planar sub-wavelength grating enabling a Bessel signature.

PhysicsDiffractionbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsGratingDiffraction efficiencysymbols.namesakeOpticsMaxwell's equationsLimit (music)symbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessNanoscopic scaleBeam (structure)Bessel function2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Strong etching formulation (time and rate) for PADC with deep depth bulk etch rate study

2021

Abstract Aqueous NaOH with ethanol (strong) etchant is widely used. It shortens etching time effectively compared to normal etching conditions (6.25N NaOH at 70 °C). Two equations have been proposed to calculate the etching time with NaOH molarity and ethanol volume. Another two empirical equations were introduced for estimating the bulk etch rates of PADC etched in strong etchant. Up to now, there were no such equations available in the literature that can predict etching time and V b of PADC with etchant molarity and ethanol volumes. The proposed equations were compared to fundamental V b models stemming from literature. Fast etching enables the follow-up of bulk etch rate variation versu…

PhysicsEmpirical equationsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAqueous solutionMolar concentration010308 nuclear & particles physicsAnalytical chemistry01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineVolume (thermodynamics)Etching (microfabrication)0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationLayer (electronics)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Study of the DKK and DKK¯ systems

2017

Using the fixed center approximation to Faddeev equations, we investigate the $DKK$ and $DK\overline{K}$ three-body systems, considering that the $DK$ dynamically generates, through its $I=0$ component, the ${D}_{s0}^{*}(2317)$ molecule. According to our findings, for the $DK\overline{K}$ interaction we find evidence of a state $I({J}^{P})=1/2({0}^{\ensuremath{-}})$ just above the ${D}_{s0}^{*}(2317)\overline{K}$ threshold and around the $D{f}_{0}(980)$ threshold, with mass of about 2833--2858 MeV, made mostly of $D{f}_{0}(980)$. On the other hand, no evidence related to a state from the $DKK$ interaction is found. The state found could be seen in the $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}D$ inv…

PhysicsFaddeev equations010308 nuclear & particles physics0103 physical sciencesCenter (category theory)Invariant massState (functional analysis)010306 general physics01 natural sciencesMathematical physicsPhysical Review D
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A three body state with J=3 in the ρB*B̅N* interaction

2016

We study the ρB * BN * system solving the Faddeev equations in the fixed center approximation. The B * BN * system will be considered forming a cluster, and using the two-body ρB * unitarized scattering amplitudes in the local Hidden Gauge approach we find a new I ( J PC ) = 1(3 −− ) state. The mass of the new state corresponds to a two particle invariant mass of the ρB * system close to the resonant energy of the B * 2 (5747), indicating that the role of this J = 2 resonance is important in the dynamical generation of the new state.

PhysicsFaddeev equations010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999PropagatorState (functional analysis)Gauge (firearms)01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)Scattering amplitudeTheoretical physics0103 physical sciencesInvariant mass010306 general physicsS-matrixMathematical physicsEPJ Web of Conferences
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