Search results for "Equations"

showing 10 items of 955 documents

Microscopic anharmonic vibrator approach for beta decays

2007

Abstract We formulate a microscopic description of charge-changing excitations, including dynamical mixture of one- and two-phonon states. The present formalism generalizes our previous microscopic anharmonic vibrator approach (MAVA), designed to treat charge-conserving two- and four-quasiparticle degrees of freedom and their mixing. In the present formalism, the proton–neutron MAVA, pnMAVA, the main building blocks are the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) phonons in the charge-conserving channels, and the proton–neutron QRPA (pnQRPA) phonons in the charge-changing channels. The QRPA and pnQRPA equations are directly used in deriving the equations of motion for two-phonon sta…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhononScatteringNuclear TheoryAnharmonicityEquations of motionAmplitudemedicine.anatomical_structureIsotopes of palladiumQuantum mechanicsQuasiparticlemedicineNuclear ExperimentNucleusNuclear Physics A
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Relations between the Hepp-Lieb and the Alli-Sewell Laser Models

2009

In this paper we show that the dissipative version of the laser model proposed by Alli and Sewell can be obtained by considering the stochastic limit of the (open system) hamiltonian introduced by Hepp and Lieb in their seminal work. We also prove that the Dicke-Haken-Lax hamiltonian produces, after the stochastic limit is considered, the generator of a semigroup with equations of motion very similar to those of Alli-Sewell, and coinciding with these under suitable conditions.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSemigroupFOS: Physical sciencesEquations of motionStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)LaserQuantum mechanicslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawsymbolsDissipative systemHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaMathematical PhysicsMathematical physicsAnnales Henri Poincaré
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NADA: A new code for studying self-gravitating tori around black holes

2008

We present a new two-dimensional numerical code called Nada designed to solve the full Einstein equations coupled to the general relativistic hydrodynamics equations. The code is mainly intended for studies of self-gravitating accretion disks (or tori) around black holes, although it is also suitable for regular spacetimes. Concerning technical aspects the Einstein equations are formulated and solved in the code using a formulation of the standard 3+1 (ADM) system, the so-called BSSN approach. A key feature of the code is that derivative terms in the spacetime evolution equations are computed using a fourth-order centered finite difference approximation in conjunction with the Cartoon metho…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpacetimeWhite holeAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Relativistic starGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyBlack holeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsRotating black holeEinstein field equationsGravitational collapseExtremal black hole
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Linear response theory in asymmetric nuclear matter for Skyrme functionals including spin-orbit and tensor terms

2014

The formalism of linear response theory for a Skyrme functional including spin-orbit and tensor terms is generalized to the case of infinite nuclear matter with arbitrary isospin asymmetry. Response functions are obtained by solving an algebraic system of equations, which is explicitly given. Spin-isospin strength functions are analyzed varying the conditions of density, momentum transfer, asymmetry, and temperature. The presence of instabilities, including the spinodal one, is studied by means of the static susceptibility.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpinodalNuclear Theory[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]media_common.quotation_subjectMomentum transferNuclear TheoryFísicaFOS: Physical sciencesSystem of linear equationsNuclear matterAsymmetryNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Classical mechanicsIsospinAlgebraic numberLinear response theorymedia_common
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SEMICLASSICAL DESCRIPTION OF SPIN EXCITATIONS OF THE PARTICLE-CORE INTERACTION SYSTEM

1993

A model Hamiltonian describing a nucleon moving in a shifted oscillator well and inter-acting with a harmonic core through a quadrupole-quadrupole term is semiclassically treated. The solutions of the linearised equations of motion are quantised by the Bohr-Sommerfeld procedure. Among the four RPA modes, there is one which corresponds to the harmonic vibration of the spin degree of freedom. This mode is analogous to the spin wave mode describing a system of interacting spins placed in a magnetic field. The state describes a harmonic wobbling motion around a stationary state belonging to the ground rotational band.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpinsNuclear TheoryComplex harmonic motionGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsEquations of motionsymbols.namesakeSpin waveQuantum mechanicssymbolsNucleonHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Stationary stateInternational Journal of Modern Physics E
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Invarianzgruppen von Bewegungsgleichungen mit Kommutatorring

1967

An attempt to describe particles by hermitian operators obeying commutator relations leads to a ring of sixteen elements to be represented by matrices of infinite rank. Equations of motion containing elements of the ring are shown to be invariant under charge-conjugation, time-reversal and inhomogeneous Lorentz transformations. Analogs to Pauli- and Gursey-transformations can also be defined and may be used to introduce isospin and helicity.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicssymbols.namesakePauli exclusion principleIsospinLorentz transformationsymbolsEquations of motionInvariant (physics)Hermitian matrixHelicityMathematical physicsZeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and nuclei
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Asymmetries in elastic scattering of 100 MeVπ+from a polarizedHe3target

1991

We report the observation of a large asymmetry in the elastic scattering of 100 MeV {pi}{sup +} from a polarized {sup 3}He target. Measurements have been made at laboratory angles of 60{degree}, 80{degree}, and 100{degree}, with the largest value {ital A}{sub {ital y}}=0.89{plus minus}0.12 occurring at 80{degree}, near a cross-section minimum. This asymmetry is the largest observed to date in pion scattering from a spin-1/2 nucleus. The {ital A}{sub {ital y}} data are qualitatively reproduced by a schematic model; however, agreement with the data is significantly improved when realistic three-body Faddeev wave functions and a full nonlocal distorted-wave impulse approximation reaction model…

PhysicsNuclear reactionElastic scatteringFaddeev equationsScatteringmedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolarization (waves)AsymmetryNuclear physicsPionAtomic physicsWave functionmedia_commonPhysical Review Letters
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Collective variable theory for optical solitons in fibers

2000

We present a projection-operator method to express the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation for pulse propagation in optical fibers, in terms of the pulse parameters, called collective variables, such as the pulse width, amplitude, chirp, and frequency. The collective variable (CV) equations of motion are derived by imposing a set of constraints on the CVs to minimize the soliton dressing during its propagation. The lowest-order approximation of this CV approach is shown to be equivalent to the variational Lagrangian method. Finally, we demonstrate the application of this CV theory for pulse propagation in dispersion-managed optical fiber links.

PhysicsOptical fiberMathematical analysisPhysics::OpticsEquations of motionlaw.inventionPulse (physics)Dissipative solitonsymbols.namesakeAmplitudelawChirpsymbolsSolitonNonlinear Schrödinger equationPhysical Review E
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Discreteness effects on a sine-Gordon breather

1991

We employ collective-variable theory to describe the dynamics of a breather excitation in its center-of-mass frame in continuous and discrete systems of one spatial dimension. The exact equations of motion for the collective variable and coupled phonon field are derived for any system which supports breatherlike excitations that have even spatial parity where the collective variable represents half the distance between the breather subkinks. We then specialize the theory to the sine-Gordon (SG) case. For the continuum SG system we derive the exact effective potential in terms of the collective variable and discuss the relativistic effects on the breather subkinks which are quite different t…

PhysicsPhononBreatherStability criterionLorentz transformationExact differential equationEquations of motionParity (physics)symbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsQuantum mechanicssymbolsRelativistic quantum chemistryNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysical Review B
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Comparison between transmission and scattering spectrum reconstruction methods based on EPID images.

2013

Numerous improved physics-based methods for Linac photon spectra reconstruction have been published; some of them are based on transmission data analysis and others on scattering data. In this work, the two spectrum unfolding approaches are compared in order to experimentally validate its robustness and to determine which is the optimal methodology for application on a clinical quality assurance routine. Both studied methods are based on EPID images generated when the incident photon beam impinges onto plastic blocks. The distribution of transmitted/scatter radiation produced by this object centered at the beam field size was measured. Measurements were performed using a 6 MeV photon beam p…

PhysicsPhotonsSiliconPhotonScatteringbusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodMonte Carlo method for photon transportRadiationSystem of linear equationsLinear particle acceleratorOpticsRobustness (computer science)Image Processing Computer-AssistedScattering RadiationRadiotherapy Intensity-ModulatedParticle AcceleratorsbusinessMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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