Search results for "Equipment Design"

showing 10 items of 409 documents

A critical appraisal of capillary electrochromatography.

2002

Although still in its infancy, CEC promises some advantages over competitive techniques for separating charged analytes including biomolecules.

Capillary electrochromatographyCritical appraisalSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationChemistryElectrophoresis CapillaryProteinsNanotechnologyEquipment DesignPeptidesChromatography High Pressure LiquidAnalytical ChemistryAnalytical chemistry
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Comparison of heparin to citrate as a catheter locking solution for non-tunneled central venous hemodialysis catheters in patients requiring renal re…

2014

Background The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is estimated at 10 to 20% in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and often requires renal replacement therapy (RRT). ICU mortality in AKI patients can exceed 50%. Venous catheters are the preferred vascular access method for AKI patients requiring RRT, but carry a risk of catheter thrombosis or infection. Catheter lock solutions are commonly used to prevent such complications. Heparin and citrate locks are both widely used for tunneled, long-term catheters, but few studies have compared citrate versus heparin for patients with short-term, non-tunneled catheters. We aim to compare citrate 4% catheter lock solution versus hepar…

Catheter Obstructionmedicine.medical_specialtyCatheterization Central VenousTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentHemodialysis CatheterCatheter ObstructionMedicine (miscellaneous)urologic and male genital diseasesHospitals UniversityStudy ProtocolAcute renal failureClinical ProtocolsDouble-Blind MethodRenal DialysisCitrate lockIntensive careUpper Extremity Deep Vein ThrombosisProhibitinsmedicineCentral Venous CathetersHumansPharmacology (medical)Heparin lockRenal replacement therapyCitratesProspective StudiesContraindicationbusiness.industryHeparinAcute kidney injuryAnticoagulantsEquipment DesignAcute Kidney Injurymedicine.diseasefemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsSurgeryCatheterIntensive Care UnitsTreatment OutcomeResearch DesignHemodialysisHemodialysisFranceCritically ill patientbusinessCatheter lockTrials
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Solution Processed Micro- and Nano-Bioarrays for Multiplexed Biosensing

2012

This Feature article reports on solution dispensing methodologies which enable the realization of multiplexed arrays at the micro- and nanoscale for relevant biosensing applications such as drug screening or cellular chips.

ChemistryNanotechnologyBiosensing TechniquesElectrochemical TechniquesEquipment DesignHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYMicroarray AnalysisMultiplexingHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysAnalytical ChemistrySolution processedNano-Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSAnimalsHumansNanotechnologyBiochipBiosensorAnalytical Chemistry
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Modified LEAD System distractor to prevent tilting during alveolar distraction in the mandibular symphyseal region

2006

This report describes a simple modification of the LEAD System distractor that prevents tilting of the distractor rod, and consequent deviation of distraction direction, during alveolar distraction in the mandibular symphysis region.

Chingenetic structuresMandibular symphysismedicine.medical_treatmenteducationOsteogenesis DistractionDentistryMandiblebehavioral disciplines and activitiesDistractionmedicineHumansOrthodonticsbusiness.industryLead systemMandibleAlveolar Ridge AugmentationEquipment Designhumanitiesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyDistraction osteogenesisSurgeryOral Surgerybusinesspsychological phenomena and processesBritish Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
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Processing of Generator-Produced 68Ga for Medical Application

2007

The (68)Ge/(68)Ga generator provides an excellent source of positron-emitting (68)Ga. However, newly available "ionic" (68)Ge/(68)Ga radionuclide generators are not necessarily optimized for the synthesis of (68)Ga-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. The eluates have rather large volumes, a high concentration of H(+) (pH of 1), a breakthrough of (68)Ge, increasing with time or frequency of use, and impurities such as stable Zn(II) generated by the decay of (68)Ga, Ti(IV) as a constituent of the column material, and Fe(III) as a general impurity.We have developed an efficient route for the processing of generator-derived (68)Ga eluates, including the labeling and purification of biomolecules. Prec…

ChromatographyAqueous solutionElutionIon chromatographyGallium RadioisotopesFraction (chemistry)Hydrochloric acidEquipment DesignReference StandardsEquipment Failure Analysischemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographychemistryGermanyIsotope LabelingAcetoneRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadionuclide GeneratorJournal of Nuclear Medicine
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Effect of inter-crystal scatter on estimation methods for random coincidences and subsequent correction.

2008

Random coincidences can contribute substantially to the background in positron emission tomography (PET). Several estimation methods are being used for correcting them. The goal of this study was to investigate the validity of techniques for random coincidence estimation, with various low-energy thresholds (LETs). Simulated singles list-mode data of the MADPET-II small animal PET scanner were used as input. The simulations have been performed using the GATE simulation toolkit. Several sources with different geometries have been employed. We evaluated the number of random events using three methods: delayed window (DW), singles rate (SR) and time histogram fitting (TH). Since the GATE simula…

CoincidenceCrystalRandom AllocationImaging Three-DimensionalHOT RegionHistogramSmall animalStatisticsImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsScattering RadiationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMathematicsTomography Emission-Computed Single-PhotonModels StatisticalRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyComputersCompton scatteringReproducibility of ResultsReconstruction algorithmEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalComputational physicsPositron-Emission TomographyEstimation methodsCrystallizationMonte Carlo MethodSoftwarePhysics in medicine and biology
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Parallelizing Epistasis Detection in GWAS on FPGA and GPU-Accelerated Computing Systems

2015

This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in IEEE - ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TCBB.2015.2389958 [Abstract] High-throughput genotyping technologies (such as SNP-arrays) allow the rapid collection of up to a few million genetic markers of an individual. Detecting epistasis (based on 2-SNP interactions) in Genome-Wide Association Studies is an important but time consuming operation since statistical computations have to be performed for each pair of measured markers. Computational methods to detect epistasis therefore suffer from prohibitively lon…

Computer scienceBioinformaticsDNA Mutational AnalysisGenome-wide association studyParallel computingPolymorphism Single NucleotideSensitivity and SpecificityComputational biologyComputer GraphicsGeneticsComputer architectureField-programmable gate arrayRandom access memoryApplied MathematicsChromosome MappingHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingReproducibility of ResultsField programmable gate arraysEpistasis GeneticSignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignRandom access memoryComputing systemsReconfigurable computingEquipment Failure AnalysisTask (computing)EpistasisHost (network)Graphics processing unitsGenome-Wide Association StudyBiotechnology
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Power estimation for non-standardized multisite studies

2016

A concern for researchers planning multisite studies is that scanner and T1-weighted sequence-related biases on regional volumes could overshadow true effects, especially for studies with a heterogeneous set of scanners and sequences. Current approaches attempt to harmonize data by standardizing hardware, pulse sequences, and protocols, or by calibrating across sites using phantom-based corrections to ensure the same raw image intensities. We propose to avoid harmonization and phantom-based correction entirely. We hypothesized that the bias of estimated regional volumes is scaled between sites due to the contrast and gradient distortion differences between scanners and sequences. Given this…

Computer scienceCognitive Neurosciencecomputer.software_genreSensitivity and Specificity050105 experimental psychologyImaging phantomArticleSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDistortionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedCalibrationmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSegmentationComputer Simulation10. No inequalityScalingModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesContrast (statistics)BrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingEquipment DesignScale factorImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingUnited StatesEquipment Failure AnalysisEuropeNeurologyOrdinary least squaresData miningFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystemArtifactscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithms
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Efficient and Accurate OTU Clustering with GPU-Based Sequence Alignment and Dynamic Dendrogram Cutting.

2015

De novo clustering is a popular technique to perform taxonomic profiling of a microbial community by grouping 16S rRNA amplicon reads into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). In this work, we introduce a new dendrogram-based OTU clustering pipeline called CRiSPy. The key idea used in CRiSPy to improve clustering accuracy is the application of an anomaly detection technique to obtain a dynamic distance cutoff instead of using the de facto value of 97 percent sequence similarity as in most existing OTU clustering pipelines. This technique works by detecting an abrupt change in the merging heights of a dendrogram. To produce the output dendrograms, CRiSPy employs the OTU hierarchical clusterin…

Computer scienceCorrelation clusteringSingle-linkage clusteringMolecular Sequence DataMachine learningcomputer.software_genrePattern Recognition AutomatedCURE data clustering algorithmRNA Ribosomal 16SGeneticsComputer GraphicsCluster analysisBase Sequencebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsDendrogramHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingPattern recognitionSignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignHierarchical clusteringEquipment Failure AnalysisRNA BacterialCanopy clustering algorithmArtificial intelligenceHierarchical clustering of networksbusinesscomputerSequence AlignmentAlgorithmsBiotechnologyIEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics
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High-resolution far-field integral-imaging camera by double snapshot

2012

In multi-view three-dimensional imaging, to capture the elemental images of distant objects, the use of a field-like lens that projects the reference plane onto the microlens array is necessary. In this case, the spatial resolution of reconstructed images is equal to the spatial density of microlenses in the array. In this paper we report a simple method, based on the realization of double snapshots, to double the 2D pixel density of reconstructed scenes. Experiments are reported to support the proposed approach.

Computer scienceMotion PicturesComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONNear and far fieldlaw.inventionImaging Three-DimensionalOpticslawPhotographyHumansImage resolutionFatigueLensesMicrolensDepth PerceptionIntegral imagingbusiness.industryPhotographyAccommodation OcularEquipment DesignConvergence OcularAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLens (optics)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDepth perceptionbusinessAlgorithmsPixel densityOptics Express
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