Search results for "Erich"

Ruolo della reologia nelle evoluzioni morfologiche di miscele polimeriche immiscibili nano composite

2010

Erich Fromm's Hopeful Humanism

2021

Involvement of an Alkane Hydroxylase System of Gordonia sp. Strain SoCg in Degradation of Solid n-Alkanes▿

2010

ABSTRACT Enzymes involved in oxidation of long-chain n -alkanes are still not well known, especially those in Gram-positive bacteria. This work describes the alkane degradation system of the n -alkane degrader actinobacterium Gordonia sp. strain SoCg, which is able to grow on n -alkanes from dodecane (C 12 ) to hexatriacontane (C 36 ) as the sole C source. SoCg harbors in its chromosome a single alk locus carrying six open reading frames (ORFs), which shows 78 to 79% identity with the alkane hydroxylase (AH)-encoding systems of other alkane-degrading actinobacteria. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR showed that the genes encoding AlkB (alkane 1-monooxygenase), RubA3 (rubredoxin), RubA4…

Maternal antibody transmission and breeding densities in the Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus

2004

1. The offspring of avian species, especially those of colonial breeders, are exposed to a number of pathogens immediately after birth. The chick's immune system is, at that early stage still immature and inefficient. As a consequence, diseases can have a strong impact on chick survival.2. The ability of mothers to transmit passive immunity in terms of antibodies of their own acquired immunity to their chicks is probably an essential pathway to enhance the chick survival. Since the production of antibodies is costly, females are expected to adjust the transmission of passive immunity to the local disease environment.3. We found that in Black-headed Gulls (Larus ridibundus L.) yolk antibody …

Genome rearrangement distances and gene order phylogeny in gamma-Proteobacteria.

2005

Genome rearrangements have been studied in 30 gamma-proteobacterial complete genomes by comparing the order of a reduced set of genes on the chromosome. This set included those genes fulfilling several characteristics, the main ones being that an ortholog was present in every genome and that none of them had been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Genome rearrangement distances were estimated based on either the number of breakpoints or the minimal number of inversions separating two genomes. Breakpoint and inversion distances were highly correlated, indicating that inversions were the main type of rearrangement event in gamma-Proteobacteria. In general, the progressive increase in seque…

Transfer of Immunity from Mother to Offspring Is Mediated via Egg-Yolk Protein Vitellogenin.

2015

Insect immune systems can recognize specific pathogens and prime offspring immunity. High specificity of immune priming can be achieved when insect females transfer immune elicitors into developing oocytes. The molecular mechanism behind this transfer has been a mystery. Here, we establish that the egg-yolk protein vitellogenin is the carrier of immune elicitors. Using the honey bee, Apis mellifera, model system, we demonstrate with microscopy and western blotting that vitellogenin binds to bacteria, both Paenibacillus larvae – the gram-positive bacterium causing American foulbrood disease – and to Escherichia coli that represents gram-negative bacteria. Next, we verify that vitellogenin bi…

Erich Fromm and Critical Humor Research

2016

Properties and significance of apoFNR as a second form of air-inactivated [4Fe-4S]·FNR of Escherichia coli

2005

The active form of the oxygen sensor fumarate nitrate reductase regulator (FNR) of Escherichia coli contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster which is converted to a [2Fe-2S] cluster after reaction with air, resulting in inactivation of FNR. Reaction of reconstituted [4Fe-4S].FNR with air resulted within 5 min in conversion to apoFNR. The rate was comparable to the rate known for [4Fe-4S].FNR/[2Fe-2S].FNR cluster conversion, suggesting that apoFNR is a product of [2Fe-2S].FNR decomposition and a final form of air-inactivated FNR in vitro. Formation of apoFNR and the redox state of the cysteinyl residues were determined in vitro by alkylation. FNR contains five cysteinyl residues, four of which (Cys20, Cy…

The fnr Gene of Bacillus licheniformis and the Cysteine Ligands of the C-Terminal FeS Cluster

1998

Many of the O2-responsive gene regulators of bacteria are members of the fumarate nitrate reductase-cyclic AMP receptor protein family of transcriptional regulators (12, 13, 15, 17) with predicted structures similar to those of the cyclic AMP receptor protein (11). The Fnr (stands for fumarate nitrate reductase regulator) protein from Escherichia coli (FnrEc) controls the expression of a variety of genes, mainly of anaerobic respiration and metabolism (5, 13). It contains a N-terminal cluster of three essential cysteine residues which are supposed to bind together with Cys122 a [4Fe 4S]2+ cluster which is required for O2 sensing (4, 7, 8, 10, 16). A wide variety of gram-negative bacteria co…

Role of glutathione in the formation of the active form of the oxygen sensor FNR ([4Fe-4S]·FNR) and in the control of FNR function

2000

The oxygen sensor regulator FNR (fumarate nitrate reductase regulator) of Escherichia coli is known to be inactivated by O2 as the result of conversion of a [4Fe-4S] cluster of the protein into a [2Fe-2S] cluster. Further incubation with O2 causes loss of the [2Fe-2S] cluster and production of apoFNR. The reactions involved in cluster assembly and reductive activation of apoFNR isolated under anaerobic or aerobic conditions were studied in vivo and in vitro. In a gshA mutant of E. coli that was completely devoid of glutathione, the O2 tension for the regulatory switch for FNR-dependent gene regulation was decreased by a factor of 4–5 compared with the wild-type, suggesting a role for glutat…