Search results for "Essential hypertension"

showing 10 items of 162 documents

Association between early-stage chronic kidney disease and reduced choroidal thickness in essential hypertensive patients.

2018

The introduction in the past few years of advanced optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques has greatly increased our understanding of the choroid, which is the most important vascular layer of the eye. Our study aimed to assess choroidal thickness by using swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) in essential hypertensive patients (EHs) with and without early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). We enrolled 100 EHs, of whom 65 were without kidney damage, and 35 had stage 1-3 CKD. In all of the participants, SS-OCT and a routine biochemical workup were performed. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated by the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation (eGFR). CKD was defined in agreement with the …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyUrologyRenal function030204 cardiovascular system & hematology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRenal damageInternal MedicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesRenal Insufficiency ChronicAgedKidneyHypertensive eye diseasebusiness.industryChoroidMicrocirculationConfoundingDiabetic retinopathyOdds ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesConfidence intervalmedicine.anatomical_structureRenal dysfunctionFemalesense organsChoroidEssential HypertensionCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessTomography Optical CoherenceKidney diseaseHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
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Determinants of urinary albumin excretion reduction in essential hypertension: A long-term follow-up study.

2006

The objective of the present study was to assess factors related to long-term changes in urinary albumin excretion (UAE) of nondiabetic microalbuminuric (n = 252) or proteinuric hypertensive individuals (n = 58) in a prospective follow-up.After enrollment, patients were placed on usual care including nonpharmacological treatment and/or treatment with an antihypertensive drug regime to achieve blood pressure135/85 mmHg. Periodic UAE measurements were performed until regression or significant reduction (defined when UAE dropped50% from the initial values, plus reduction of UAE to30 mg/24 h for microalbuminuric patients and300 mg/24 h for proteinuric patients).Among the microalbuminuric patien…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologymedicine.drug_classAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsUrologyRenal functionAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressureEssential hypertensionExcretionInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineAlbuminuriaHumansAntihypertensive drugbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelHazard ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCalcium Channel BlockersConfidence intervalEndocrinologyBlood pressureHypertensionFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersFollow-Up StudiesGlomerular Filtration RateJournal of hypertension
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Plasma noradrenaline and the pressor action of exogenous noradrenaline in normotensive subjects and patients with essential hypertension.

1978

1. An inverse relationship was found between plasma noradrenaline and reactivity to exogenous noradrenaline in normotensive subjects. 2. The relationship between plasma noradrenaline and reactivity was disturbed in age-matched patients with essential hypertension. 3. A multiple-regression analysis showed a highly significant correlation between adrenergic activity and reactivity to noradrenaline and the mean arterial blood pressure level (r = 0·91). The results suggest that adrenergic activity and pressor response to noradrenaline combined are important determinants of arterial blood pressure. 4. An inverse relationship could also be demonstrated between plasma renin activity and reactivity…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPlasma noradrenalinebusiness.industryAngiotensin IIAdrenergicBlood PressureGeneral MedicineEssential hypertensionmedicine.diseasePlasma renin activityAngiotensin IINorepinephrineEndocrinologyBlood pressurePressor responseInternal medicineHypertensionReninmedicineHumansFemalebusinessClinical science and molecular medicine. Supplement
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Relationship Between Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Subclinical Renal Damage in Essential Hypertensive Patients

2015

The authors aimed to analyze the relationship between subclinical renal damage, defined as the presence of microalbuminuria or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 30 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and short-term blood pressure (BP) variability, assessed as average real variability (ARV), weighted standard deviation (SD) of 24-hour BP, and SD of daytime and nighttime BP. A total of 328 hypertensive patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring, 24-hour albumin excretion rate determination, and eGFR calculation using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. ARV of 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) was significantly higher in patients with subc…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAmbulatory blood pressureEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismRenal functionBlood PressureEssential hypertensionrenal dysfunctionInternal medicineCKDInternal MedicineAlbuminuriaHumansMedicineSubclinical infectionSettore MED/14 - Nefrologiabusiness.industryBlood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseOriginal PapersSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Cardiovascolareambulatory blood pressure monitoringEndocrinologyBlood pressureHypertension; blood pressure variability; renal dysfunction; CKD; albuminuria; ambulatory blood pressure monitoringHypertensionAmbulatoryCardiologyFemaleKidney DiseasesMicroalbuminuriablood pressure variabilityEssential HypertensionCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessGlomerular Filtration RateKidney diseaseThe Journal of Clinical Hypertension
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Relationships between mild hyperuricaemia and aortic stiffness in untreated hypertensive patients.

2013

Background and aims: Clinical studies exploring the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and arterial stiffness yielded conflicting results. Only in a few of these studies, arterial distensibility was examined by measuring aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is considered the gold standard for evaluating arterial stiffness. In none of the previous investigations was the influence of SUA on aortic distensibility assessed, taking into account the effect of albuminuria. The purpose of our study was to comprehensively analyse the relationships between SUA and aortic PWV in a group of essential hypertensive patients. Methods and results: We enrolled 222 untreated and uncomplicated hype…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedicine (miscellaneous)HyperuricemiaArteriosclerosiPulse Wave AnalysisEssential hypertensionEssential hypertensionBody Mass IndexSerum uric acidVascular StiffnessRisk FactorsStatistical significanceInternal medicinemedicineAlbuminuriaHumansPulse wave velocityAortaTriglyceridesSettore MED/14 - NefrologiaMetabolic SyndromeUnivariate analysisNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryArteriosclerosisMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato CardiovascolareUric AcidPulse wave velocityEndocrinologyAortic stiffneCross-Sectional StudiesHypertensioncardiovascular systemArterial stiffnessAlbuminuriaCardiologyAortic stiffnessFemalemedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessNutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
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Relation of C-reactive protein to oxidative stress and to endothelial activation in essential hypertension.

2005

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) predicts cardiovascular outcome. Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in endothelial alteration. We hypothesized that in essential hypertension (EH), oxidative stress, as measured by 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2 alfa (8-iso-PGF2alfa), should be associated with increased CRP and endothelial activation, as evaluated by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule–1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule–1 (VCAM-1) plasma levels. Methods: In 83 subjects with mild EH and in 50 healthy control subjects we measured, in basal conditions, plasma levels of hs-CRP, 8-iso-PGF2 alfa, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and tumor necrosis factor–alfa (TNF-alfa). Results: Subjects with…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaEndotheliumVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1Inflammationmedicine.disease_causeEssential hypertensionEndothelial activationInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansEndothelial dysfunctionSettore MED/14 - NefrologiabiologyTumor Necrosis Factor-alphabusiness.industryProstaglandins FC-reactive proteinC-reactive protein oxidative stress hypertension atherogenesis endothelial dysfunctionMiddle AgedIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1medicine.diseaseOxidative StressC-Reactive ProteinEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureCase-Control StudiesHypertensionbiology.proteinRegression AnalysisFemaleTumor necrosis factor alphaEndothelium Vascularmedicine.symptombusinessOxidative stress
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Plasma Aldosterone and Its Relationships With Left Ventricular Mass in Essential Hypertensive Patients With the Metabolic Syndrome

2008

BACKGROUND: The association of aldosterone with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationships of plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) with MetS and left ventricular mass (LVM) in nondiabetic Caucasian patients with essential hypertension. METHODS: Measurements were taken with the patients off antihypertensive medications. The measurements included 24-h blood pressure (BP) readings, plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone, and an echocardiogram. RESULTS: Subjects with MetS (n = 201) had higher age-adjusted PAC (10.2 +/- 5.8 vs. 11.6 +/- 5.9 ng/dl; P = 0.01) and greater age-adjusted LVM indexed for height2.7 (LVMH2.7)…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaMegalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cystsPopulationBlood PressureEssential hypertensionPlasma renin activitychemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineReninInternal MedicinemedicineHumanseducationAldosteroneMetabolic Syndromeeducation.field_of_studyAldosteronebusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseAldosterone massa ventricolare sinistra sindrome metabolica ipertensione arteriosaEndocrinologyBlood pressurechemistryEchocardiographyHypertensionFemaleHypertrophy Left VentricularMetabolic syndromebusinessBody mass indexAmerican Journal of Hypertension
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Effects of cilazapril on renal haemodynamics and function in hypertensive patients: a randomised controlled study versus hydrochlorothiazide.

1995

In this study the efficacy and safety of short-term cilazapril administration on renal haemodynamics were evaluated in mild to moderate hypertensive subjects. Our final goal was to evaluate whether the reduction in blood pressure achieved by treatment was associated with maintained renal function. After a run-in period with placebo, 40 hypertensive subjects without renal or cardiac diseases were randomly allocated to a double-blind 4 week controlled trial with cilazapril 5 mg once a day (20 patients) or hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg once a day (20 patients). Renal haemodynamics measurements included effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by radionuclide study us…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaUrologyRenal functionAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCilazaprilEssential hypertensionRenal CirculationHydrochlorothiazideDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAntihypertensive Agents Hydrochlorothiazide CilazaprilHumansAntihypertensive AgentsAgedRenal circulationbusiness.industryHemodynamicsGeneral MedicineEffective renal plasma flowCilazaprilMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSettore MED/45 - Scienze Infermieristiche Generali Cliniche E PediatricheSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato CardiovascolareFiltration fractionmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyHydrochlorothiazideTreatment OutcomeRenal blood flowHypertensionSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugGlomerular Filtration RateBlood pressure
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Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage

2005

MuleG, Nardi E, Cottone S, Cusimano P, Volpe V, Piazza G, MongioviR, Mezzatesta G, Andronico G, Cerasola G (Universitadi Palermo, Palermo, Italy). Influence of metabolic syndrome on hypertension-related target organ damage. J Intern Med 2005; 257: 503-513. Objectives. The aim of our study was to analyse, in a wide group of essential hypertensive patients without diabetes mellitus, the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) (defined according to the criteria laid down in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults) on markers of preclinical cardiac, renal and retinal damage. Design. Cros…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternamicroalbuminuriaHeart VentriclesRetinographyLeft ventricular hypertrophyEssential hypertensionKidneyRetinametabolic syndromeHypertensive retinopathyRetinal Diseasesessential hypertension;left ventricular hypertrophy;metabolic syndrome;microalbuminuria;target organ damageInternal medicinetarget organ damageInternal MedicinemedicineAlbuminuriaHumansObesitySex DistributionNational Cholesterol Education ProgramAntihypertensive AgentsBody surface areaSettore MED/14 - Nefrologiabusiness.industryMyocardiumessential hypertensionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Cardiovascolareleft ventricular hypertrophyEndocrinologyCross-Sectional StudiesHypertensionCardiologyRegression AnalysisMicroalbuminuriaFemaleHypertrophy Left VentricularMetabolic syndromebusiness
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Hypertension and peripheral arterial hemodynamics.

1995

Sixty uncomplicated hypertensive patients (30 stable and 30 borderline) were studied, by strain gauge plethysmography, in comparison with 25 normotensive subjects, in order to evaluate the arterial hemodynamics of the lower limbs in essential hypertension and to verify the different pattern in borderline and in stable hypertensives. Resting blood flow, even if slightly decreased in hypertensive groups, did not show significant differences in its mean values; peak flow, instead, was reduced proportionally to the severity of hypertension in all the hypertensive patients, but only in the stable hypertensives was it statistically significant. Minimal vascular resistance showed a similar behavi…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtySystoleHemodynamics030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyEssential hypertension03 medical and health sciencesBasal (phylogenetics)0302 clinical medicineDiastoleInternal medicinemedicinePlethysmographHumans030212 general & internal medicineAgedLegbusiness.industryHemodynamicsBlood flowArteriesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePeripheralPlethysmographyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureHypertensionVascular resistanceCardiologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessArteryAngiology
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