Search results for "Estonia"

Innovations in medical care and mortality trends from four circulatory diseases between 1970 and 2005

2013

Background: Governments have identified innovation in pharmaceuticals and medical technology as a priority for health policy. Although the contribution of medical care to health has been studied extensively in clinical settings, much less is known about its contribution to population health. We examine how innovations in the management of four circulatory disorders have influenced trends in cause-specific mortality at the population level. Methods: Based on literature reviews, we selected six medical innovations with proven effectiveness against hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, heart failure and cerebrovascular disease. We combined data on the timing of these innovations and cause-spe…

Barriers to medication counselling for people with mental health disorders: a six country study

2010

Provision of medication information may improve adherence and prevent medication related problems. People with mental health disorders commonly receive less medication counselling from pharmacists than people with other common long term and persistent disorders. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare and contrast barriers pharmacy students perceive toward providing medication counselling for people with mental health disorders in Australia, Belgium, Estonia, Finland, India and Latvia. Methods: Barriers identified by third-year pharmacy students as part of the International Pharmacy Students´ Health Survey were content analysed using a directed approach. Students´ responses we…

Tavoitteena vahva ja yhtenäinen kansa : historia ja kieli kansallisen identiteetin rakentamisen välineinä Pätsin aikakauden Virossa 1934-1940

2018

In this dissertation, I study national campaigns aimed at constructing Estonian national identity in 1934–1940. The campaigns were organized through the cooperation of Konstantin Päts’ authoritarian government and civil society. I focus on the folk art campaign and on the name changing campaign. The name changing campaign was the largest national project in Estonia, aiming at the Estonification of names. Initially, the campaign focused on changing individuals’ surnames and first names, but later also on changing the names of places, streets and properties. The name changing campaign had history political and language political dimensions. Through the folk art campaign, the state tried to af…

The sovietization of Estonian community houses (Rahvamaja): Soviet guidelines

2014

Estonian Community houses were built in towns and the countryside by local people, who joined cultural and other societies since the second half of the 19th century. These cultural centers supported the process of Estonian state building. During the years of the first Estonian independent state (1918–1940), the network of community houses was set up by the state. After the invasion of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union in 1940, extensive restructuring or sovietization of the Estonian public administration, economy and culture, began. The article examines the sovietization process of Estonian community houses, i.e., how they were turned into the ideological tools of Soviet totalitarian pr…

Are the two different information spaces in Estonia getting closer to each other?

2017

Union campaigns against precarious work in the retail sector of Estonia, Poland, and Slovenia

2018

Baltijos šalių socialinio klimato suvokimas: metodologija ir palyginamumas

2017

Social climate is a relatively new concept measuring people’s wellbeing (Duguleană and Duguleană 2015), operationalized by perceptions of people’s conditions of living. It has been used in the Eurobarometer surveys since 2009 but still gained little attention in academic research. In this paper, issues in constructing an index of social climate are being discussed. As the rates of meaningful responses to questions on different aspects of the social climate vary greatly, the author proposes a revisited version of the social climate index as well as assesses its internal consistency and usability. The article presents the results of the regression analysis on the impact of factors related to …

Mutual Trust between Kindergarten Teachers and Mothers and its Associations with Family Characteristics in Estonia and Finland

2011

Mutual trust between mothers and kindergarten teachers along with its relation to mother’s educational level and child’s gender was studied in two neighboring countries—Estonia and Finland. From Estonia 543 ratings of mothers and 232 ratings of teachers were collected, and, from Finland, 712 ratings of mothers and 712 ratings of teachers. Trust was assessed with shortened questionnaires based on the Trust scale. More Finnish than Estonian mothers reported a higher level of trust towards the teacher while no significant difference was found for teachers. The associations between the level of mothers’ and teachers’ trust and mother’s education were different in each country.

Comparative Analysis of Terminology and Alternative Financing Types on the Example of Estonia

2021

Alternative financing has gained great popularity since new market players appeared to offer new types of financing in Estonia as well as in other countries of the world. The extent of the alternative financing penetration across the population in Estonia was second highest in European countries after the United Kingdom, in 2016. In recent years, the Estonian market of alternative financing has grown and transformed, taking different complicated forms. The research therefore reveals major types of financing process of the licensed alternative financing providers of Estonia, highlighting its crucial elements, namely, possessors of funds, legal status of fundraising originators and addressees…

READING COMPETENCE AND ENGAGEMENT OF LATVIAN STUDENTS IN THE VIEW OF OECD PISA 2018 RESULTS

2020

Students' reading competence determines the achievements of learners in all areas of school education as well as in their further education, professional activity and life. The results of the OECD Program for International Student Assessment - OECD PISA 2018 confirm the need to improve reading competence in Latvia (OECD, 2019).The aim of the study is to analyze the achievement of Latvia's fifteen-year-old students in OECD PISA 2018 and the previous international program cycles in relation to students' reading engagement and its changes. Reading engagement significantly influences not only students' reading competence but are in themselves one of the goals of modern education (Guthrie & …